作者机构：
[Chen, Shengbin; Fu, Yusong; Liu, Yingjiu; Zeng, Taotao; Deng, Qiqi] Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse Technology, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China;[Yang, Min] School of Environment and Civil Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzheng 518055, China;[Yang, Min] Hunan Vch Environment Technology Co., Ltd, Changsha, 410014, China;[Li, Jun] College of Environment and Ecology, Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, China. Electronic address: jun.li@cqu.edu.cn
通讯机构：
[Jun Li] C;College of Environment and Ecology, Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, China
关键词：
Acidic wastewater;Biochar;U(VI) removal;ZVMn
摘要：
The chemical and radiological toxicity of uranium can present a significant risk to both human health and environmental safety. Thus, ZVMn-BC was synthesized through borohydride reduction aimed at investigating its performance in removing U(VI) in acidic environment (pH = 3). Several batch experiments were conducted to assess the sorption capability under various operational conditions and the relevant experimental data were investigated by kinetics, isotherms and thermodynamic equations. ZVMn-BC exhibited excellent resistance to interference and showed a superiority on U(VI) removal over zerovalent manganese (ZVMn) and corn straw biochar (BC). Under condition of pH 3, and ambient temperature of 303 K with 0.4 g/L of adsorbent, ZVMn-BC exhibited a theoretical sorption quantity of 274.78 mg/g. The sorption process was spontaneous and endothermic, primarily relying on chemical adsorption. The interaction mechanism involved electrostatic interaction, hydrolysis precipitation, complexation, and redox reactions. This study verified that ZVMn-BC exhibits effective performance for U(VI) eliminating in acidic wastewater.
The chemical and radiological toxicity of uranium can present a significant risk to both human health and environmental safety. Thus, ZVMn-BC was synthesized through borohydride reduction aimed at investigating its performance in removing U(VI) in acidic environment (pH = 3). Several batch experiments were conducted to assess the sorption capability under various operational conditions and the relevant experimental data were investigated by kinetics, isotherms and thermodynamic equations. ZVMn-BC exhibited excellent resistance to interference and showed a superiority on U(VI) removal over zerovalent manganese (ZVMn) and corn straw biochar (BC). Under condition of pH 3, and ambient temperature of 303 K with 0.4 g/L of adsorbent, ZVMn-BC exhibited a theoretical sorption quantity of 274.78 mg/g. The sorption process was spontaneous and endothermic, primarily relying on chemical adsorption. The interaction mechanism involved electrostatic interaction, hydrolysis precipitation, complexation, and redox reactions. This study verified that ZVMn-BC exhibits effective performance for U(VI) eliminating in acidic wastewater.
作者机构：
[Fan, Chenzhou; Wang, Tianlin] Univ South China, Sch Civil Engn, Hengyang 421001, Peoples R China.;[Xu, Feng; Xu, F; Guo, Changqing] Univ South China, Sch Math & Phys, Hengyang 421001, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Xu, F ] U;Univ South China, Sch Math & Phys, Hengyang 421001, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Foundation excitation;Gap constraint;Fluid-conveying pipe;Impact vibration
摘要：
In practical engineering, the unilateral gap constraint impact vibration in fluid-conveying pipes is a critical concern, often arising from constraint loosening or the presence of barriers around the pipe. These factors can significantly affect the service life and safety reliability of the pipes. A tension and compression anisotropy spring with rapidly increasing restoring force in compression but almost zero restoring force in tension is proposed to simulate the unilateral gap constraint, model a fluid-conveying pipe with a Pfluger column. Its reliability is also verified based on the bifurcation phase diagram comparison between the small and large stiffness conditions. Subsequently, we establish a vibration mechanics analysis model for the cantilever fluid-conveying pipe under foundation excitation to assess the effects of basic excitation frequency, fluid velocity, distributed follower force, position coordinate of unilateral gap constraint, and the viscoelastic coefficient on the impact vibration stability of the fluid-conveying pipe. Our findings reveal that when the period-doubling bifurcation sequence is interrupted by Bare-grazing bifurcation, the system directly transitions into chaotic vibration or induces a new period-doubling bifurcation sequence, followed by re-entry into chaotic vibration. These results provide valuable insights into the intricate dynamics of fluid-conveying pipes under foundation excitation, offering a deeper understanding of the impact of various parameters on the pipe's vibration.
In practical engineering, the unilateral gap constraint impact vibration in fluid-conveying pipes is a critical concern, often arising from constraint loosening or the presence of barriers around the pipe. These factors can significantly affect the service life and safety reliability of the pipes. A tension and compression anisotropy spring with rapidly increasing restoring force in compression but almost zero restoring force in tension is proposed to simulate the unilateral gap constraint, model a fluid-conveying pipe with a Pfluger column. Its reliability is also verified based on the bifurcation phase diagram comparison between the small and large stiffness conditions. Subsequently, we establish a vibration mechanics analysis model for the cantilever fluid-conveying pipe under foundation excitation to assess the effects of basic excitation frequency, fluid velocity, distributed follower force, position coordinate of unilateral gap constraint, and the viscoelastic coefficient on the impact vibration stability of the fluid-conveying pipe. Our findings reveal that when the period-doubling bifurcation sequence is interrupted by Bare-grazing bifurcation, the system directly transitions into chaotic vibration or induces a new period-doubling bifurcation sequence, followed by re-entry into chaotic vibration. These results provide valuable insights into the intricate dynamics of fluid-conveying pipes under foundation excitation, offering a deeper understanding of the impact of various parameters on the pipe's vibration.
摘要：
Aim To explore and explain the mechanisms that influence surface acting in nursing students with different characteristics.
To explore and explain the mechanisms that influence surface acting in nursing students with different characteristics.
Background Nurses are now expected to deliver patient-centered care which necessitates the emotional labor. Surface acting, a form of emotional labor, can lead to negative outcomes. Given that nursing students are the backbone of the future nursing profession, there is an urgent need to investigate their surface acting tendencies and identify potential factors for early intervention.
Nurses are now expected to deliver patient-centered care which necessitates the emotional labor. Surface acting, a form of emotional labor, can lead to negative outcomes. Given that nursing students are the backbone of the future nursing profession, there is an urgent need to investigate their surface acting tendencies and identify potential factors for early intervention.
Design A cross-sectional study.
A cross-sectional study.
Methods This study was surveyed in a vocational college in Gansu, China. Participants completed the general information questionnaire, Bem Sex Role Inventory, Professional Identity Questionnaire of Nursing Students and Surface Acting Scale. K-means cluster analysis was performed, followed by random forest algorithm and SHapley Additive exPlanations based on Python program.
This study was surveyed in a vocational college in Gansu, China. Participants completed the general information questionnaire, Bem Sex Role Inventory, Professional Identity Questionnaire of Nursing Students and Surface Acting Scale. K-means cluster analysis was performed, followed by random forest algorithm and SHapley Additive exPlanations based on Python program.
Results A total of 1241 nursing students from vocational college were investigated and were clustered into 4 groups. The five dimensions of professional identity had higher feature importance in all four groups, with professional self-image having the highest feature importance in Cluster 3. Professional self-image and understanding retention benefits and turnover risks were negative predictors of surface acting in all four groups. Social comparison and self-reflection, independence of career choice and social modeling regarding nursing profession were positively correlated with surface acting in specific groups. In Cluster 1, there exists a positive correlation between professional self-image and the constructs of social comparison and self-reflection; as well as a negative correlation between maternal education and understanding of retention benefits and turnover risks.
A total of 1241 nursing students from vocational college were investigated and were clustered into 4 groups. The five dimensions of professional identity had higher feature importance in all four groups, with professional self-image having the highest feature importance in Cluster 3. Professional self-image and understanding retention benefits and turnover risks were negative predictors of surface acting in all four groups. Social comparison and self-reflection, independence of career choice and social modeling regarding nursing profession were positively correlated with surface acting in specific groups. In Cluster 1, there exists a positive correlation between professional self-image and the constructs of social comparison and self-reflection; as well as a negative correlation between maternal education and understanding of retention benefits and turnover risks.
Conclusions Professional identity significantly influences surface acting behaviors among nursing students, with professional self-image serving as a key negative predictor. Positive family conditions, access to educational resources, parental literacy, masculine or feminine gender roles and first-year nursing students, these traits have implications when dimensions of professional identity are used to predict surface acting behaviors.
Professional identity significantly influences surface acting behaviors among nursing students, with professional self-image serving as a key negative predictor. Positive family conditions, access to educational resources, parental literacy, masculine or feminine gender roles and first-year nursing students, these traits have implications when dimensions of professional identity are used to predict surface acting behaviors.
通讯机构：
[Zhu, HM ; Zhou, J] U;Univ South China, Sch Mech Engn, Key Lab Hunan Prov Equipment Safety Serv Technol E, Hengyang 421001, Hunan, Peoples R China.
关键词：
激光技术, 激光定向能量沉积, Ti6Al4V合金, 大气环境, 力学性能, laser technique, laser direct energy deposition, Ti6Al4V alloy, atmospheric atmosphere, mechanical properties
摘要：
在大气环境下采用激光制备Ti6Al4V（TC4）合金时受大气中氮气和氧气的影响，易形成氮化物和氧化物等脆硬相，导致裂纹等缺陷产生。本团队设计了一种适于大气环境下激光增材制造TC4合金的带空气防护罩的新型喷嘴，对比研究了有/无空气防护罩下制备的TC4合金的微观组织与力学性能。基于组分传输和k?ε气体模型，采用计算流体动力学（CFD）模拟了多流道喷嘴的功能原型。结果表明：在空气防护罩的保护下，试样表面附近的氮气、氧气含量显著降低，试样的微观组织由α′马氏体、魏氏α组织、β相和纳米相Ti3AlC2组成，试样的极限抗拉强度、屈服强度、断后延伸率和显微硬度分别为1037 MPa、952 MPa、10.2%、365 HV，与目前文献报道的普遍采用密闭环境制备的TC4合金的性能相当。 您的浏览器不支持 audio 元素。AI语音播报 Objective The laser fabrication of Ti6Al4V (TC4) alloy in an atmospheric environment is susceptible to nitrogen (N) and oxygen (O); consequently, defects such as cracks can occur because of the induced embrittled nitride and oxide phases. Therefore, the industrial application of LDED (laser direct energy deposition) -treated titanium alloy components has been severely hindered by the limited space and high cost in the closed environment. In this study, a novel nozzle with a protective hood was designed for the laser additive manufacturing of TC4 alloys to alleviate the adverse effects of N and O in an atmospheric environment. The microstructures and mechanical properties of the as-deposited TC4 specimens with and without hoods (named TC4-Y and TC4-N, respectively) were evaluated. A functional prototype of the multiflow-path nozzle was developed using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations with species transport and the k?ε gas model. This study significantly benefits the laser fabrication of low-cost and high-performance Ti components in various industrial fields. Methods Gas-atomized TC4 powder with an average size range of 75 μm was employed to fabricate LDED-treated specimens using an FL-1500 1.5 kW fiber laser. The processing parameters were set as follows: laser power, 500 W; scanning speed, 600 mm/min; and powder delivery rate, 4.85 g/min. Both the central and side gases are high-purity Ar (99.99%) and were flowed at a rate of 10 L/min. CFD simulations of the gas flow adjacent to the substrate surface, which was located 2.5 mm away from the nozzle of the air hood, were performed to evaluate the effectiveness of the hood. To investigate the microstructural evolution of the LDED-treated TC4 alloy, the samples were polished and then etched with Kroll's reagent. The phase compositions were determined using a Miniflex600 X-ray diffractometer (XRD). The microstructure was investigated using a MERLIN scanning electron microscope (SEM) operated at an accelerating voltage of 20 kV and a JEOL-2100 transmission electron microscope (TEM) operated at 200 kV. The mechanical properties of the samples were evaluated using an HVS-1000 microhardness tester and a PWS-E100 universal testing machine. Results and Discussions The simulation results indicate that the facet average mass fractions of N2 and O2 reduced significantly from 1.628×10-3 to 2×10-4 and from 4.37×10-4 to 5.4×10-5, respectively (Fig. 3), which agree well with the experimental results. The TC4-N specimen is composed of needle-like α′ martensite, Widmanst?tten α-laths, β-phase, and nitrides (Figs. 6?8). By applying the protective hood, the TC4-Y specimen exhibits a decrease in α/α′ martensite content, an increase in the β-phase fraction, and the precipitation of Ti3AlC2 phase (Figs. 6?8). The average microhardness values of the TC4-N and TC4-Y specimens are 410 HVand 365 HV(Fig. 4), respectively. The higher microhardness of the TC4-N specimen is primarily due to the in-situ formation of hard nitride TiN (2900 HV) during LDED. In comparison, the TC4-Y samples indicate a slightly lower value (365 HV) that is equivalent to those fabricated in a chamber filled with an inert gas (316?369 HV). Under the protection of the hood, the TC4-Y samples exhibit an average UTS of 1037 MPa, a YS of 952 MPa, and an EL of 10.2% (Fig. 5), which are comparable to those of TC4 counterparts achieved in a closed environment. This demonstrates the effectiveness and feasibility of the protective hood. Conclusions The newly designed protective hood effectively eliminates the adverse effects of N and O. A CFD simulation was conducted, which demonstrated that the hood successfully prevented contamination by impurities, including N and O. The N and O mass fraction adjacent to the sample surface decreased by 1.38×10-3 and 5.7×10-4, respectively. The TC4-N specimen is composed of needle-like α′ martensite, Widmanstatten α-laths, β-phase, and nitrides. The TC4-Y specimen primarily comprises coarsened α′ martensite, Widmanstatten α-laths, Ti3AlC2 nanoprecipitates, and β-phase. Under the synergistic effect of refinement strengthening, solid-solution strengthening, and second-phase strengthening, the TC4-N specimen exhibits higher levels of strength (UTS of 1249 MPa, YS of 1028 MPa) and microhardness (410 HV). By contrast, an exceptional combination of high strength (UTS of 1037 MPa, YS of 952 MPa) and high ductility (10.2%) is achieved owing to the presence of α/α′ with a low aspect ratio, a high fraction of β-phase, and Ti3AlC2 nanoprecipitates in the TC4-Y specimen. This study reports a simple yet effective approach for producing LDEDed TC4 alloys with outstanding mechanical properties in an atmosphere, which significantly benefits industrial applications.
通讯机构：
[Zeng, QY ; Xiao, Y ; Zhang, QS] U;Univ South China, Sch Resource & Environm & Safety Engn, Hengyang 421001, Peoples R China.;Univ South China, Sch Nucl Sci & Technol, Hengyang 421001, Peoples R China.
摘要：
Photocatalytic extraction of uranium from solution is one of the most promising technologies for uranium recovery. However, the presence of axial bonds between the two oxygen atoms in UO 2 2+ creates a high activation barrier for electron transfer, which hinders the reduction of UO 2 2+ , making it more challenging to reduce U( VI ) to U( IV ) with conventional photocatalysis. Herein, an ingenious strategy for the efficient removal of uranium from aqueous solutions, utilizing the photocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) process, is proposed. In this process, a novel and highly stable bimetallic Co 9 Ni 1 -HOF was employed as a high HER performance photocatalyst, with an overpotential of 355 mV at 10 mA cm −2 . Benefiting from the excellent HER activity of Co 9 Ni 1 -HOF, efficient uranium removal (∼95.6%) within 60 min of illumination was achieved. The superior uranium removal performance could be ascribed to the enhanced HER performance due to the incorporation of Ni and the high affinity between U and OH*, resulting from the electron transfer between U and O and N, as confirmed by a series of experiments and density functional theory calculations. This work provides a new approach for the efficient removal of uranium using photocatalytic HER performance.
摘要：
Predicting the binding affinity of drug target is essential to reduce drug development costs and cycles. Recently, several deep learning-based methods have been proposed to utilize the structural or sequential information of drugs and targets to predict the drug-target binding affinity (DTA). However, methods that rely solely on sequence features do not consider hydrogen atom data, which may result in information loss. Graph-based methods may contain information that is not directly related to the prediction process. Additionally, the lack of structured division can limit the representation of characteristics. To address these issues, we propose a multimodal DTA prediction model using graph local substructures, called MLSDTA. This model comprehensively integrates the graph and sequence modal information from drugs and targets, achieving multimodal fusion through a cross-attention approach for multimodal features. Additionally, adaptive structure aware pooling is applied to generate graphs containing local substructural information. The model also utilizes the DropNode strategy to enhance the distinctions between different molecules. Experiments on two benchmark datasets have shown that MLSDTA outperforms current state-of-the-art models, demonstrating the feasibility of MLSDTA.
摘要：
Synovial inflammation plays a crucial role in osteoarthritis (OA) development, leading to chronic inflammation and cartilage destruction. Although targeting synovitis can alleviate OA, clinical outcomes have been disappointing due to poor drug targeting and joint cavity heterogeneity. This study presents pH-responsive lipid nanoparticles (LNPs@UA), loaded with Urolithin A (UA), as a potential OA treatment. LNPs@UA showed uniform particle size, low zeta potential, and effective mitochondria-targeting and pH-responsive capabilities. In vitro, LNPs@UA reduced reactive oxygen species (ROS), pro-inflammatory factors (IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α), and promoted M2 macrophage polarization. It improved mitochondrial structure, enhanced autophagy, and inhibited ferroptosis. In vivo, LNPs@UA alleviated OA progression in an ACLT-induced OA mouse model. Transcriptomic analysis revealed inhibition of NF-κB signaling and activation of repair pathways. These results suggest LNPs@UA could offer a promising therapeutic approach for OA.
Synovial inflammation plays a crucial role in osteoarthritis (OA) development, leading to chronic inflammation and cartilage destruction. Although targeting synovitis can alleviate OA, clinical outcomes have been disappointing due to poor drug targeting and joint cavity heterogeneity. This study presents pH-responsive lipid nanoparticles (LNPs@UA), loaded with Urolithin A (UA), as a potential OA treatment. LNPs@UA showed uniform particle size, low zeta potential, and effective mitochondria-targeting and pH-responsive capabilities. In vitro, LNPs@UA reduced reactive oxygen species (ROS), pro-inflammatory factors (IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α), and promoted M2 macrophage polarization. It improved mitochondrial structure, enhanced autophagy, and inhibited ferroptosis. In vivo, LNPs@UA alleviated OA progression in an ACLT-induced OA mouse model. Transcriptomic analysis revealed inhibition of NF-κB signaling and activation of repair pathways. These results suggest LNPs@UA could offer a promising therapeutic approach for OA.
摘要：
Sepsis-associated acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a heterogeneous disease with high morbidity and mortality. Lactylation plays a crucial role in sepsis and sepsis-induced lung injury. This study aimed to identify distinct lactylation-based phenotypes in patients with sepsis-associated ARDS and determine relevant molecular biomarkers. We analyzed blood transcriptome and clinical data from patients with sepsis-associated ARDS and calculated the lactylation activity. KEGG pathway analysis, drug sensitivity prediction, and immune cell infiltration analysis were performed. Candidate molecular biomarkers were identified by intersecting the feature genes extracted from four machine learning models. Lactylation activity showed significant heterogeneity among patients with sepsis-associated ARDS, which enabled the classification into low- and high-lactylation activity phenotypes. Patients with high-lactylation experienced longer hospital stays and higher mortality rates, as well as distinct signaling pathways, drug responses, and circulating immune cell abundances. Six key markers (ALDOB, CCT5, EP300, PFKP, PPIA, and SIRT1) were identified to differentiate the two lactylation activity phenotypes, all significantly correlated with circulating immune cell populations. This study revealed significant heterogeneity in lactylation activity phenotypes among patients with sepsis-associated ARDS and identified potential biomarkers to facilitate the application of these phenotypes in clinical practice.
作者机构：
[Zhong, Jing; Zhao, Hu; Zhong, J; Xiao, Qian] Univ South China, Affiliated Hosp 1, Canc Res Inst, Hengyang Med Sch, Hengyang 421001, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Xiao, Qian] Univ South China, Affiliated Hosp 1, Hengyang Med Sch, Dept Clin Lab Med, Hengyang 421001, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[An, Yangfang] Yiyang Cent Hosp, Yiyang 413099, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Wang, Mu] Univ South China, Affiliated Nanhua Hosp, Clin Res Inst, Clin Mass Spectrometry Lab, Hengyang, Peoples R China.;[Zhong, Jing] Univ South China, Affiliated Hosp 1, Inst Clin Med, Hengyang Med Sch, Hengyang 421001, Hunan, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Zhong, J ; Wang, M ] U;Univ South China, Affiliated Hosp 1, Canc Res Inst, Hengyang Med Sch, Hengyang 421001, Hunan, Peoples R China.;Univ South China, Affiliated Nanhua Hosp, Clin Res Inst, Clin Mass Spectrometry Lab, Hengyang, Peoples R China.
摘要：
Phospholipids, complex lipids prevalent in the human body, play crucial roles in various pathophysiological processes. Beyond their synthesis and degradation, phospholipids can influence chemoresistance by participating in ferroptosis. Extensive evidence highlights the significant link between tumor drug resistance and phospholipids. Therefore, drugs targeting phospholipid metabolism itself or the synthesis of corresponding composite materials will effectively overcome the difficulties of clinical tumor treatment.
Phospholipids, complex lipids prevalent in the human body, play crucial roles in various pathophysiological processes. Beyond their synthesis and degradation, phospholipids can influence chemoresistance by participating in ferroptosis. Extensive evidence highlights the significant link between tumor drug resistance and phospholipids. Therefore, drugs targeting phospholipid metabolism itself or the synthesis of corresponding composite materials will effectively overcome the difficulties of clinical tumor treatment.
摘要：
To mitigate the shortage of land uranium (U) resources and environmental pollution caused by uranium mining and smelting, a chitosan/ellagic acid/Cu-metal–organic framework (MOF) material (CEM) was synthesized for U extraction from seawater. CEM, a phenolic salt ligand MOF material, exhibited superior adsorption selectivity for uranium compared to an ellagic acid/Cu-MOF material (EM) according to the experimental results. The K d (distribution coefficient) of CEM for uranium was 16.4 times higher than that of EM, and its stability in water significantly exceeded that of EM. At 308 K, the U adsorption capacity of CEM reached 796 mg/g, maintaining a high rate above 93% even after 7 adsorption–desorption cycles. The uranium adsorption of CEM involves a spontaneous endothermic reaction with amino, hydroxyl, and carboxyl groups on the surface. In conclusion, CEM exhibits promising potential as an effective method for extracting U from seawater.
To mitigate the shortage of land uranium (U) resources and environmental pollution caused by uranium mining and smelting, a chitosan/ellagic acid/Cu-metal–organic framework (MOF) material (CEM) was synthesized for U extraction from seawater. CEM, a phenolic salt ligand MOF material, exhibited superior adsorption selectivity for uranium compared to an ellagic acid/Cu-MOF material (EM) according to the experimental results. The K d (distribution coefficient) of CEM for uranium was 16.4 times higher than that of EM, and its stability in water significantly exceeded that of EM. At 308 K, the U adsorption capacity of CEM reached 796 mg/g, maintaining a high rate above 93% even after 7 adsorption–desorption cycles. The uranium adsorption of CEM involves a spontaneous endothermic reaction with amino, hydroxyl, and carboxyl groups on the surface. In conclusion, CEM exhibits promising potential as an effective method for extracting U from seawater.
摘要：
Ruthenium removal from complex solutions (highly saline effluents, seawater) is a critical challenge. Herein, the sorption capacity of chitosan/SiO2 composite beads (Ch-Si) for ruthenium nitrosyl is increased three-fold after phosphoramidate grafting (DPA-Ch-Si, 1.6 mmol Ru g−1) at pH 5. Uptake kinetics and sorption isotherms are compared at pH0: 3, 5 and 10; playing with the mode of agitation (mechanical, MA, vs. ultrasonic treatment, UT). The sorbent maintains good sorption capacities at pH 3 and 10. Uptake kinetics modeled by pseudo-first order rate equation is boosted by functionalization. For Ch-Si, sorption isotherms are modeled by the Langmuir or Sips equations (depending on the pH), while for DPA-Ch-Si the best fits depend on pH, temperature and mode of agitation. Ruthenium sorption is spontaneous and endothermic for the two sorbents. For DPA-Ch-Si, the sorption capacity increases from 1.62 to 1.70 mmol Ru g−1 to 2.23–2.32 mmol Ru g−1 (T increasing from 21 to 50 °C). Nitric acid solution (0.3 M) reveals highly efficient for back extraction; ruthenium is completely released in <15 min. The functionalized sorbent can be reused for a minimum of 10 cycles, with limited loss in performance. Phosphoramidation improves sorption selectivity for the treatment of equimolar multicomponent solutions (Na, Ca, Mg, Fe, Al, U, and Nd). The effect of pH on sorption selectivity is evaluated in simple multi-metal solutions and complex environment. In seawater, the selective recovery of ruthenium is favored at pH close to 10. These tests confirm the promising perspectives offered for ruthenium removal from complex environments. Physicochemical characterizations of the sorbent (and their modes of interaction with ruthenium nitrosyl) included SEM, BET, TGA, FTIR, XPS, and elemental analyses.
Ruthenium removal from complex solutions (highly saline effluents, seawater) is a critical challenge. Herein, the sorption capacity of chitosan/SiO2 composite beads (Ch-Si) for ruthenium nitrosyl is increased three-fold after phosphoramidate grafting (DPA-Ch-Si, 1.6 mmol Ru g−1) at pH 5. Uptake kinetics and sorption isotherms are compared at pH0: 3, 5 and 10; playing with the mode of agitation (mechanical, MA, vs. ultrasonic treatment, UT). The sorbent maintains good sorption capacities at pH 3 and 10. Uptake kinetics modeled by pseudo-first order rate equation is boosted by functionalization. For Ch-Si, sorption isotherms are modeled by the Langmuir or Sips equations (depending on the pH), while for DPA-Ch-Si the best fits depend on pH, temperature and mode of agitation. Ruthenium sorption is spontaneous and endothermic for the two sorbents. For DPA-Ch-Si, the sorption capacity increases from 1.62 to 1.70 mmol Ru g−1 to 2.23–2.32 mmol Ru g−1 (T increasing from 21 to 50 °C). Nitric acid solution (0.3 M) reveals highly efficient for back extraction; ruthenium is completely released in <15 min. The functionalized sorbent can be reused for a minimum of 10 cycles, with limited loss in performance. Phosphoramidation improves sorption selectivity for the treatment of equimolar multicomponent solutions (Na, Ca, Mg, Fe, Al, U, and Nd). The effect of pH on sorption selectivity is evaluated in simple multi-metal solutions and complex environment. In seawater, the selective recovery of ruthenium is favored at pH close to 10. These tests confirm the promising perspectives offered for ruthenium removal from complex environments. Physicochemical characterizations of the sorbent (and their modes of interaction with ruthenium nitrosyl) included SEM, BET, TGA, FTIR, XPS, and elemental analyses.
摘要：
Multi-component carbide (MCC) ceramics are promising structural materials in advanced nuclear reactors. However, their behavior upon irradiation, particularly the interaction between vacancy defects and helium atoms, remains inadequately understood. In this study, two MCC ceramics, (NbTaZr)C 3 and (NbTaTiZr)C 4 were irradiated with 50-keV He-ion at room temperature. The microstructures were characterized using transmission electron microscopy, and the vacancy-type defects were investigated using positron annihilation spectroscopy and first-principles calculations. Before irradiation, numerous intrinsic vacancy defects were detected in pristine MCC ceramics. After irradiation at low dose (1 ×10 16 ions/cm 2 ), a defect-filling mechanism was found to dominate, and the intrinsic vacancy defects can effectively trap helium atoms to form helium-vacancy complexes. Under higher irradiation fluences of 5 × 10 16 ions/cm 2 and 1 × 10 17 ions/cm 2 , the collision cascade mechanism was found to dominate, and high-energy helium ion implantation caused collision cascades that generated numerous vacancy defects. These findings could provide valuable insights into the evolution of vacancy-type defects and the growth of helium bubbles in MCC ceramics.
Multi-component carbide (MCC) ceramics are promising structural materials in advanced nuclear reactors. However, their behavior upon irradiation, particularly the interaction between vacancy defects and helium atoms, remains inadequately understood. In this study, two MCC ceramics, (NbTaZr)C 3 and (NbTaTiZr)C 4 were irradiated with 50-keV He-ion at room temperature. The microstructures were characterized using transmission electron microscopy, and the vacancy-type defects were investigated using positron annihilation spectroscopy and first-principles calculations. Before irradiation, numerous intrinsic vacancy defects were detected in pristine MCC ceramics. After irradiation at low dose (1 ×10 16 ions/cm 2 ), a defect-filling mechanism was found to dominate, and the intrinsic vacancy defects can effectively trap helium atoms to form helium-vacancy complexes. Under higher irradiation fluences of 5 × 10 16 ions/cm 2 and 1 × 10 17 ions/cm 2 , the collision cascade mechanism was found to dominate, and high-energy helium ion implantation caused collision cascades that generated numerous vacancy defects. These findings could provide valuable insights into the evolution of vacancy-type defects and the growth of helium bubbles in MCC ceramics.
摘要：
To construct heterostructures with robustly interconnected interfaces, this study employs a co-doping strategy exceeding the stoichiometric ratio. The doping strategy in Pr 0.5 Ba 0.5 Co 0.7 Fe 0.3 Ce x O 3-δ (PBCF) facilitates the exsolution of Ce at the B-site, leading to the formation of a CeO 2 -modified surface layer on PBCF. Structural and morphological analyses confirm the dissolution of CeO 2 particles, with their concentration increasing proportionally to the Ce doping level. Notably, the single cell utilizing the Pr 0.5 Ba 0.5 Co 0.7 Fe 0.3 Ce 0.2 O 3-δ (PBCFC02) cathode exhibits a substantial enhancement in fuel cell output power. The synergistic combination of superior electrochemical performance and exceptional chemical stability enabled stable operation for nearly 200 h. These findings underscore that PBCFC02, comprising a heterostructure of PBCF and 20 % CeO 2 , serves as a highly efficient and durable cathode material for proton-conducting solid oxide fuel cells.
To construct heterostructures with robustly interconnected interfaces, this study employs a co-doping strategy exceeding the stoichiometric ratio. The doping strategy in Pr 0.5 Ba 0.5 Co 0.7 Fe 0.3 Ce x O 3-δ (PBCF) facilitates the exsolution of Ce at the B-site, leading to the formation of a CeO 2 -modified surface layer on PBCF. Structural and morphological analyses confirm the dissolution of CeO 2 particles, with their concentration increasing proportionally to the Ce doping level. Notably, the single cell utilizing the Pr 0.5 Ba 0.5 Co 0.7 Fe 0.3 Ce 0.2 O 3-δ (PBCFC02) cathode exhibits a substantial enhancement in fuel cell output power. The synergistic combination of superior electrochemical performance and exceptional chemical stability enabled stable operation for nearly 200 h. These findings underscore that PBCFC02, comprising a heterostructure of PBCF and 20 % CeO 2 , serves as a highly efficient and durable cathode material for proton-conducting solid oxide fuel cells.
期刊：
Journal of Materials Science,2025年60(8):3957-3973 ISSN：0022-2461
通讯作者：
Qiu, CJ
作者机构：
[Yang, Tong; Qiu, Changjun] Univ South China, Sch Resource Environm & Safety Engn, Hengyang 421001, Peoples R China.;[Yang, Tong; Chen, Pinghu; Zhao, Li; Wu, Wenxing; Qiu, Changjun] Key Lab Hunan Prov Equipment Safety Serv Technol E, Hengyang 421001, Peoples R China.;[Chen, Pinghu; Zhao, Li; Qiu, Changjun] Univ South China, Sch Mech Engn, Hengyang 421001, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Qiu, CJ ] U;Univ South China, Sch Resource Environm & Safety Engn, Hengyang 421001, Peoples R China.;Key Lab Hunan Prov Equipment Safety Serv Technol E, Hengyang 421001, Peoples R China.;Univ South China, Sch Mech Engn, Hengyang 421001, Peoples R China.
摘要：
Laser additive manufactured high gamma '-phase nickel-based superalloys have a high cracking susceptibility due to the unique characteristics of superalloys, which can hinder their widespread application. This work overcomes the above challenges via a compositional optimization strategy, and a novel nickel-based superalloy with high gamma ' phase has been developed via laser directed energy deposition (LDED). The effects of the various Al + Ti (1:1) contents (6.4, 6.6 and 6.8 wt.%) on microstructure and mechanical properties (room temperature, 850 degrees C and 900 degrees C) of the as-deposited and heat-treated specimens were investigated. Ultimately, the crack-free Ni-based superalloy has been successfully designed and fabricated by LDED, featuring a high gamma ' phase content. The results indicated that the gamma ' phase content and the number of the MC carbide particles increase with the increasing Ti + Al content. When the Ti + Al content is 6.6 wt.%, the newly designed Ni-based superalloy exhibits exceptional tensile properties (UTS: 1450 +/- 42 MPa, YS: 1100 +/- 36 MPa and EL: 16.5 +/- 1.1%). After heat treatment, the gamma ' phase, bulk-like (MC), long strips-like (M23C6) carbide and moderate amount of needle-like sigma phase are present in the alloy with Ti + Al content of 6.6 wt.%. Therefore, the newly designed Ni-based superalloy exhibits superior tensile properties at 850 degrees C (UTS: 818 +/- 34 MPa, YS: 774 +/- 29 MPa and EL: 10 +/- 0.7%) and 900 degrees C (UTS: 581 +/- 28 MPa, YS: 558 +/- 20 MPa and EL: 11.7 +/- 0.9%). This approach provide a new alloy design route for achieving optimization of high-temperature mechanical properties and formability of nickel-based superalloys with high gamma ' phase for laser additive manufacturing.
期刊：
International Journal of Surgery,2025年 ISSN：1743-9191
作者机构：
[Liao, Wei] Department of Anesthesiology, The First People's Hospital of Chenzhou, The Affiliated ChenZhou Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Chenzhou, Hunan, China
关键词：
cancer pain;dexmedetomidine;opioid-sparing;opioids;α-2 adrenergic receptors
摘要：
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Cancer pain treatment faces challenges such as ineffective pain management, high-dose opioid use, and insufficient analgesia. Dexmedetomidine (DEX), a novel α2 receptor agonist, is a potential adjuvant analgesic. Its analgesic mechanism involves central coeruleus cell hyperpolarization, activation of peripheral, spinal cord, and spinal α2 receptors, and regulation of cellular signaling pathways and inflammatory factors. DEX reduces harmful neurotransmitter production and pain signal transmission and enhances opioid analgesia while decreasing opioid use and tolerance. This review introduces the main mechanisms of DEX and its potential for treating complex and refractory cancer pain. METHODS: We conducted literature searches using the terms "dexmedetomidine," "cancer pain," "opioid sparing," "analgesic mechanism," and their combinations in PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science. We systematically retrieved research articles, reviews, and editorials published in English up to mid-December 2024. All identified publications were reviewed, and their key references were cross-checked to ensure a comprehensive and high-quality review. KEY CONTENT AND FINDINGS: Preclinical and clinical studies have demonstrated the advantages and potential of DEX in cancer pain management. DEX has intrinsic analgesic properties and can significantly relieve cancer pain by interacting with opioids, thereby delaying the development of opioid tolerance. It is particularly suitable for patients with refractory cancer pain and provides effective treatment whether used as an analgesic or an anesthetic adjuvant. CONCLUSIONS: DEX is a promising adjuvant for cancer pain management, utilizing multi-mechanism analgesia and opioid-sparing effects to address unmet needs in refractory cases. Preclinical and clinical studies highlight efficacy heterogeneity across different cancer types and limited long-term safety data. High-quality, multicenter randomized controlled trials are needed to determine the optimal dose, refine dosing regimens, and verify results across diverse populations. Until further evidence is available, DEX should be considered a valuable adjunct in individualized, multimodal analgesic strategies, with careful monitoring of hemodynamic parameters and central nervous system adverse events.
