作者机构：
[Xu, Er-shan] School of Public Health, University of South China, Hunan Hengyang 421001, China;[Wang, Rong; Su, Yin-hua; Wu, Yuan-yuan; Liu, Xia; Duan, Gong-xiang] School of Public Health, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan Province, China
通讯机构：
[Gong-xiang Duan] S;School of Public Health, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan Province, China
摘要：
Purpose: To develop a multicultural nursing competence instrument for use in assessing undergraduate student nurses (SNs). Methods: This study enrolled 322 student nurses (SNs) employed at five hospitals in Hunan Province. The nurses were identified by the cluster sampling method. The items on the competence instrument were retained or deleted after analyzing their coefficient of variation, coefficient of correlation with the total score, t-test results. Reliability tests and correlation analysis were used to examine internal consistency, while exploratory factor analysis was used to determine construct validity. Results: After analyzing items, the final multicultural nursing competence instrument comprised a total of 49 items that evaluated five dimensions. The instrument showed good overall reliability (0.958), and the internal consistency of the five dimensions ranged from 0.884 to 0.952. Furthermore, the correlations among the five dimensions were statistically significant (P < 0.01). An exploratory factor analysis of the five dimensions showed that five items incorporated aspects of cultural cognition (factor loading range, 0.824-0.888), five items incorporated aspects of cultural attitude (factor loading range, 0.629-0.815), twenty-two items involved cultural knowledge (factor loading range, 0.587-0.792), seven items incorporated aspects of cultural skills (factor loading range, 0.743-0.860), and 10 items involved cultural encounters (factor loading range, 0.522-0.909). Conclusion: The multicultural nursing competence instrument for SNs demonstrated good reliability and validity, and can be utilized in nursing education programs and research. Copyright (C) 2016, Chinese Nursing Association. Production and hosting by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license
摘要：
Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein K (hnRNP K) is one of the major pre-mRNA-binding proteins, that is involved in translational modifications. In our previous studies, we found that hnRNP K is associated with human gastric cancer. The protein levels of hnRNP K were detected in cell lines and tissue microarrays. The correlation between hnRNP K expression and patient survival rate was evaluated by Kaplan-Meier survival analysis. In addition, we also detected hnRNP K expression in preoperative and postoperative serum samples from patients with gastric cancer, and serum samples from healthy volunteers. We found that hnRNP K was overexpressed in the gastric cancer cell lines. The levels of hnRNP K were significantly elevated in the gastric cancer tissues compared with that noted in the tumor-adjacent gastric mucosal and normal gastric mucosal sampes, and hnRNP K expression was found to correlate with tumor stage and lymph node metastasis. However, the level of serum hnRNP K did not differ significantly between gastric cancer patients and healthy volunteers. We also found that patients whose tumors showed elevated expression of hnRNP K had poor survival. The present study suggests that hnRNP K is a promising tissue biomarker for diagnosing gastric cancer and is a prognostic indicator for patients with gastric cancer.
