摘要：
Avatar is one of the most intuitive central components in Metaverse and faces serious security problems, particularly during the interaction with each other. In this article, we consider the problem of timely detecting the stealthy anomaly in the avatar interaction, which is crucial for security and privacy in Metaverse. With this goal, a new tensor summary statistic is proposed first to well depict the statistical discrepancy between normal and anomalous interaction volume samples, even when anomalies are stealthy. The proposed tensor summary statistic is established from the tensor linear representation residual, which naturally implies the statistical probability that an interaction volume sample lies within or deviates from the tensor lateral space. Moreover, a convex optimization programme is introduced to robustly recover the tensor lateral space in the presence of anomalous samples, thereby enhancing the robustness of our tensor summary statistic. On the basis of the tensor summary statistic, a non-parametric statistic framework is developed for the real-time detection of the stealthy interaction volume anomaly. We also provide theoretical analysis concerning its detection performance and parameter selection. Extensive experiments using synthetic and real-world datasets verify our effectiveness and superiority. Compared with benchmark methods, the proposed detection scheme achieves significantly lower detection delay and higher false alarm period, particularly in the detection of stealthy anomalies with a low change rate.
作者机构：
[Dongping Xiong; Lijun Ouyang] School of Computing/Software, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China [email protected];[Yudan Li; Xiaozhi Zhang] School of Electrical Engineering, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China [email protected]
会议名称：
ISAIMS '24: Proceedings of the 2024 5th International Symposium on Artificial Intelligence for Medicine Science
会议论文集名称：
Artificial Intelligence for Medicine Science
摘要：
Accurately segmenting brain tumors from multimodal MRI sequences is a key prerequisite for brain tumor diagnosis, prognosis assessment, and surgical treatment. However, in practical applications, one or more modal data is often missing due to image corruption, different acquisition protocols, artifacts, contrast agent allergies, or cost considerations. To address the challenges of brain tumor segmentation under modality loss, this paper proposes an innovative tumor feature perception strategy. The core of this strategy is to introduce a Mamba-based Encoder (MBE) architecture, which effectively improves the feature expression ability of each modality encoder under limited data conditions. In view of the irregularity of tumor morphology, a Modulation and Demodulation Fusion Block (MDFB) is designed to accurately capture the semantic features of the tumor from the missing multimodal image data, providing strong guidance for the network to locate the tumor area. Experimental results on the widely used BraTS2020 dataset demonstrate the effectiveness of MMITS, and the brain tumor segmentation effect under various incomplete modalities is better than the state-of-the-art methods.
作者机构：
[Yang, Bin; Tan, Binxi] Univ South China, Coll Elect Engn, Hengyang 421001, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Yang, B ] U;Univ South China, Coll Elect Engn, Hengyang 421001, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Transformer;deep learning;image fusion;infrared image;multiscale features
摘要：
The aim of infrared and visible image fusion is to produce a composite image that can highlight the infrared targets and maintain plentiful detailed textures simultaneously. Despite the promising fusion performance of current deep-learning-based algorithms, most fusion algorithms highly depend on convolution operations, which limits their capability to represent long-range contextual information. To overcome this challenge, we design a novel infrared and visible image fusion network based on Res2Net and multiscale Transformer, called RMTFuse. Specifically, we devise a local feature extraction module based on Res2Net (LFE-RN) in which dense connections are adopted to reuse the information that might be lost in convolution operation and a global feature extraction module based on multiscale Transformer (GFE-MT) which is composed of a Transformer module and a global feature integration module (GFIM). The Transformer module extracts the coarse-to-fine semantic features of the source images, while GFIM is used to further aggregate the hierarchical features to strengthen contextual feature representations. Furthermore, we employ the pre-trained VGG-16 network to compute the loss of features with different depths. Massive experiments on mainstream datasets indicate that RMTFuse is superior to the state-of-the-art methods in both subjective and objective assessments.
期刊：
Energy & Environmental Science,2025年18(2):874-883 ISSN：1754-5692
通讯作者：
Zhang, Yong;Wang, Xingzhu;Xu, BM;Wang, XZ
作者机构：
[Xu, Baomin; Wu, Jiawen; Du, Yifan; Wang, Xingzhu; Jiang, Bo; Li, Zhitong; Liu, Zhixin; Zhang, Yong; Wang, Deng; Wang, XZ; Peng, Wenbo; Xu, Yintai; Zhu, Peide; Lei, Xia; Zeng, Jie] Southern Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Shenzhen 518055, Peoples R China.;[Xu, Baomin; Wu, Jiawen; Du, Yifan; Wang, Xingzhu; Jiang, Bo; Liu, Zhixin; Zhang, Yong; Wang, Deng; Wang, XZ; Peng, Wenbo; Zhu, Peide; Zeng, Jie] Southern Univ Sci & Technol, Key Univ Lab Highly Efficient Utilizat Solar Energ, Shenzhen 518055, Peoples R China.;[Wang, Xingzhu; Wang, XZ; Zhou, Xianyong] Univ South China, Engn & Res Ctr Integrated New Energy Photovolta &, Hengyang 421001, Peoples R China.;[Wang, Xingzhu; Wang, XZ; Zhou, Xianyong] Univ South China, Sch Elect Engn, Hengyang 421001, Peoples R China.;[Wang, Deng; Zeng, Jie] City Univ Hong Kong, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Hong Kong 999077, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Xu, BM ; Zhang, Y; Wang, XZ] S;[Wang, XZ ] U;Southern Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Shenzhen 518055, Peoples R China.;Southern Univ Sci & Technol, Key Univ Lab Highly Efficient Utilizat Solar Energ, Shenzhen 518055, Peoples R China.;Univ South China, Engn & Res Ctr Integrated New Energy Photovolta &, Hengyang 421001, Peoples R China.
摘要：
Optimization of buried interfaces is crucial for achieving high efficiency in inverted perovskite solar cells (PSCs), owing to their role in facilitating hole transport and passivating the buried interface defects. While self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) are commonly employed for this purpose, the inherent limitations of single SAMs, such as fixed material structure and energy levels, hinder their adaptability and further efficiency enhancement across diverse compositions. In this study, we present an effective strategy of blending with SAMs with varying dipole moments to modulate the energy levels and hole transport properties, leading to enhanced charge transport characteristics and suppression of energy losses at buried interfaces. The intrinsic mechanisms of energy level modulation on the device performance are further investigated through theoretical simulations. Ultimately, small-area (0.0736 cm 2 ) inverted PSCs with a 1.56 eV bandgap achieve a champion power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 26.28% (certified efficiency of 25.80%), while large-area devices (1.1 cm 2 ) demonstrate an efficiency of 24.65%. Moreover, the energy-level-tunable SAM materials exhibit applicability across various PSCs with different preparation methods and bandgaps, achieving efficiencies of 24.44% for anti-solvent-free (1.56 eV) and 19.03% for wide-bandgap (1.85 eV) perovskite solar cells, respectively. Notably, devices employing these SAM materials demonstrate excellent photostability, maintaining over 95% of initial efficiency after 1000 hours of operation at the maximum power point (MPP).
期刊：
Nuclear Engineering and Design,2025年433:113872 ISSN：0029-5493
通讯作者：
Liu, HL
作者机构：
[Liu, Hongliang; Ouyang, Zigen; Liu, HL; Liu, Wangheng] Univ South China, Sch Math & Phys, Hengyang 421001, Peoples R China.;[Zeng, Wenjie] Univ South China, Sch Nucl Sci & Technol, Hengyang 421001, Peoples R China.;[Liu, Hua] Univ South China, Sch Elect Engn, Hengyang 421001, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Liu, HL ] U;Univ South China, Sch Math & Phys, Hengyang 421001, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Adaptive learning observer;Radial basis function neural networks;Fixed-time fault-tolerant control;Control rod drive mechanism faults;Load following for modular high-temperature;gas-cooled reactor
摘要：
Load following of the Modular High-Temperature Gas-Cooled Reactor (MHTGR) under Control Rod Drive Mechanism (CRDM) faults and disturbances remains a major challenge. This paper focuses on proposing a fixed-time fault-tolerant control method for this issue without considering the sensitivities associated with parameter setting. Firstly, to reconstruct some unmeasurable states of the MHTGR and the values of CRDM faults, an adaptive learning observer is established. Based on the learning characteristic of Radial Basis Function Neural Networks (RBFNN), the lumped uncertainties can be approximated. And then a fixed-time fault-tolerant controller is developed to ensure that the actual load output of the MHTGR actually tracks the expected output power within a fixed time, which can be determined through the system and controller parameters. Finally, simulations under two operational conditions demonstrate the control method is effective and feasible to the MHTGR system under disturbance and CRDM faults.
Load following of the Modular High-Temperature Gas-Cooled Reactor (MHTGR) under Control Rod Drive Mechanism (CRDM) faults and disturbances remains a major challenge. This paper focuses on proposing a fixed-time fault-tolerant control method for this issue without considering the sensitivities associated with parameter setting. Firstly, to reconstruct some unmeasurable states of the MHTGR and the values of CRDM faults, an adaptive learning observer is established. Based on the learning characteristic of Radial Basis Function Neural Networks (RBFNN), the lumped uncertainties can be approximated. And then a fixed-time fault-tolerant controller is developed to ensure that the actual load output of the MHTGR actually tracks the expected output power within a fixed time, which can be determined through the system and controller parameters. Finally, simulations under two operational conditions demonstrate the control method is effective and feasible to the MHTGR system under disturbance and CRDM faults.
期刊：
Journal of the Franklin Institute,2025年362(1):107397 ISSN：0016-0032
通讯作者：
Wang, H
作者机构：
[Nie, Liang] Univ South China, Sch Elect Engn, Hengyang 421001, Peoples R China.;[Wang, Hui] Liaocheng Univ, Sch Math Sci, Liaocheng 252000, Peoples R China.;[Sun, Yichong] Chinese Univ Hong Kong, Multiscale Med Robot Ctr, Hong Kong 999077, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Wang, H ] L;Liaocheng Univ, Sch Math Sci, Liaocheng 252000, Peoples R China.
摘要：
In this paper, a switched linear parameter-varying (LPV) resilient tracking controller is designed for rigid-body under actuator faults, uncertainties in measurement of scheduling parameters and time-delay in detection of system modes. The nonlinear attitude dynamics of rigid-body is constructed as a switched LPV system in which persistent dwell-time switching rule is used to regulate the switches caused by abrupt and intermittent actuator failures. Thereafter, by constructing a class of both parameter-dependent and time-dependent multiple Lyapunov functions (MLFs), a switched LPV resilient tracking controller is developed in order that the global uniform exponential stability and desired L∞ performance of the underlying system are achieved even with uncertain scheduling parameters, mismatched modes and persistent external disturbances. Furthermore, the nonconvex conditions of control synthesis are converted into parameterized linear matrix inequalities that can be readily resolved via gridding technique. Finally, the availability of the provided approach is evaluated with a numerical simulation.
In this paper, a switched linear parameter-varying (LPV) resilient tracking controller is designed for rigid-body under actuator faults, uncertainties in measurement of scheduling parameters and time-delay in detection of system modes. The nonlinear attitude dynamics of rigid-body is constructed as a switched LPV system in which persistent dwell-time switching rule is used to regulate the switches caused by abrupt and intermittent actuator failures. Thereafter, by constructing a class of both parameter-dependent and time-dependent multiple Lyapunov functions (MLFs), a switched LPV resilient tracking controller is developed in order that the global uniform exponential stability and desired L∞ performance of the underlying system are achieved even with uncertain scheduling parameters, mismatched modes and persistent external disturbances. Furthermore, the nonconvex conditions of control synthesis are converted into parameterized linear matrix inequalities that can be readily resolved via gridding technique. Finally, the availability of the provided approach is evaluated with a numerical simulation.
期刊：
Analog Integrated Circuits and Signal Processing,2025年122(2):1-11 ISSN：0925-1030
通讯作者：
Chen, WG
作者机构：
[Chen, Wenguang; Wen, Shuang; Liu, Zhijian; Zheng, Liang] Univ South China, Sch Elect Engn, Hengyang 421001, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Chen, WG ] U;Univ South China, Sch Elect Engn, Hengyang 421001, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Defects;Non-destructive testing;Pulsed eddy current testing;Pulsed power supply;Clamp circuits
摘要：
Pulsed Eddy Current Testing (PECT) is a hotspot for non-destructive testing of metallic materials. As a key part of the system, the performance of the excitation source will directly affect the results. A new pulse power supply circuit is proposed to overcome the problems of long turn-off time, no constant current control, large volume, and low power of the excitation source in the existing PECT method for material defects. It uses a combination of linear regulated power supply and switched power supply to realize a compound circuit topology of constant current and constant voltage clamp. Then, the stability and rapidity of the excitation system are verified through simulation experiments and prototype demonstration. The amplitude of the pulsed power supply is adjustable within 20A, with an inaccuracy under 1%, and it is able to turn off at high speed with an edge fall time of nanoseconds. Finally, the prototype is used to simulate the detection of aluminum metal defects, the peak voltage of the detection coil can accurately identify different defect depths with high resolution. Its results show that the design method is feasible and has excellent performance.
期刊：
Advanced Energy Materials,2025年:2406097 ISSN：1614-6832
通讯作者：
Feng He
作者机构：
[Zihao Deng; Yunpeng Wang; Dongsheng Qiu; Ruoxi Sun] Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055 P. R. China;[Gang Li] Department of Electronic and Information Engineering, Research Institute for Smart Energy (RISE), The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, 999077 Hong Kong;[Guangye Zhang] College of New Materials and New Energies, Shenzhen Technology University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518118 P. R. China;[Yongmin Luo; Jiaying Wu] The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Function Hub, Advanced Materials Thrust, Nansha, Guangzhou, 511400 P. R. China;School of Electrical Engineering, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001 P. R. China
通讯机构：
[Feng He] S;Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055 P. R. China<&wdkj&>Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055 P. R. China
关键词：
3D network packing;chlorine-mediated dispersion;exciton lifetime;non-fullerene acceptor;single-crystal
摘要：
This study focuses on the synthesis and the performance of non-fullerene acceptors (NFAs) with varying chlorine dispersion in organic solar cells (OSCs). Four chlorine-mediated acceptors, BO3Cl- a , BO3Cl- γ , BO3Cl- β , and BOEH3Cl- β are synthesized with isomeric terminal groups and then integrated with donor PBDB-TF to fabricate OSCs. It finds that increased chlorine dispersion improves device efficiency with enhanced current and BOEH3Cl- β -based devices achieving a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of over 19%, which is one of the highest values reported for asymmetrically chlorinated acceptors. In OSC devices, Enhanced exciton dissociation and reduced carrier recombination are observed with more chlorine dispersion, along with improved charge transport due to modulation of molecular packing in the active layer. Furthermore, transient absorption spectroscopy elucidates that chlorine dispersion augments exciton diffusion time, thereby elevating the current density of devices, while the branching strategy further amplify the exciton lifetime of BOEH3Cl- β , preserving the value of short current in the face of spectral blue shifts of it. The findings suggest that chlorine-mediated dispersion is a key factor in enhancing OSC performance with improved current by progressive molecular packing arrangement and aggregation behaviors.
关键词：
contact resistance;AuxIny alloy;GeSe;photodetector;MIGS (metal-induced gap states);DIGS (disorder-inducedgap states)
摘要：
Metal-semiconductor contact plays a significant role in devices such as transistors, photoemitters, and photodetectors. Here, the Au(x)In(y) alloy contact gives a state-of-the-art low R(C) (contact resistance) in GeSe devices. The R(C) of GeSe-Au(x)In(y) is measured to be 25 kΩ μm under channel carrier concentration around p = 2.490 × 10(10) cm(-2). This low R(C) is ascribed to a small barrier height of 16 meV. Our density functional theory calculation found the formation of a high conductive metallic GeSe-Au(x)In(y) interface due to indium doping, which screens the possible interface disorder-induced gap states and metal-induced gap states that are observed when using pure In (indium) or Au (gold) metal. The GeSe-Au(x)In(y) photodetectors show enhanced photoresponsivity with a specific photoresponsivity of 6.46 × 10(4) A/W and a detectivity of 8.9 × 10(13) Jones (at 450 nm wavelength). Our study is helpful in designing high-performance GeSe-based devices.
作者：
Deng Wang;Zhixin Liu;Ying Qiao;Zhengyan Jiang;Peide Zhu;...
期刊：
Joule,2025年:101815 ISSN：2542-4351
通讯作者：
Xingzhu Wang<&wdkj&>Yang-Gang Wang
作者机构：
[Zhengyan Jiang; Peide Zhu; Wenbo Peng; Qing Lian; Yong Zhang] Department of Materials Science and Engineering, and Shenzhen Engineering Research and Development Center for Flexible Solar Cells, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China;Key University Laboratory of Highly Efficient Utilization of Solar Energy and Sustainable Development of Guangdong, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China;[Ying Qiao; Geping Qu; Yang-Gang Wang] Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China;Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China;Department of Chemistry and Hong Kong Institute for Clean Energy, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
通讯机构：
[Xingzhu Wang; Yang-Gang Wang] D;Department of Materials Science and Engineering, and Shenzhen Engineering Research and Development Center for Flexible Solar Cells, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China<&wdkj&>Shenzhen Putai Technology Co., Ltd, Shenzhen 518110, China<&wdkj&>School of Electrical Engineering, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China<&wdkj&>Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
摘要：
The surface defects of nickel oxide (NiO x ) and its interfacial redox reactions with perovskites often impede the efficiency improvement of inverted perovskite solar cells (PSCs). To address these issues, we designed ((9H-fluoren-9-ylidene)methyl) cyanophosphonic acid (FY-CPA) with a rigid backbone as an optimal multi-dentate anchoring (MDA) molecule to enhance the anchorage with bottom NiO x by forming tetradentate binding and parallel orientation. Dense and uniform coverage of FY-CPA at the NiO x /perovskite interface was achieved through in situ deposition, which can minimize interfacial redox reactions and suppress non-radiative recombination. The champion device demonstrated a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 26.21% with a certified value of 25.99%. In addition, the larger area device (1.02 cm 2 ) also showed a PCE of 25.31% with a certified value of 24.90%, which is among the highest PCEs reported so far for greater than 1 cm 2 sized PSCs. Moreover, the as-prepared device exhibited enhanced thermal and operational stability during long-term storage.
The surface defects of nickel oxide (NiO x ) and its interfacial redox reactions with perovskites often impede the efficiency improvement of inverted perovskite solar cells (PSCs). To address these issues, we designed ((9H-fluoren-9-ylidene)methyl) cyanophosphonic acid (FY-CPA) with a rigid backbone as an optimal multi-dentate anchoring (MDA) molecule to enhance the anchorage with bottom NiO x by forming tetradentate binding and parallel orientation. Dense and uniform coverage of FY-CPA at the NiO x /perovskite interface was achieved through in situ deposition, which can minimize interfacial redox reactions and suppress non-radiative recombination. The champion device demonstrated a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 26.21% with a certified value of 25.99%. In addition, the larger area device (1.02 cm 2 ) also showed a PCE of 25.31% with a certified value of 24.90%, which is among the highest PCEs reported so far for greater than 1 cm 2 sized PSCs. Moreover, the as-prepared device exhibited enhanced thermal and operational stability during long-term storage.
摘要：
In exploiting large propagation delays in underwater acoustic (UWA) networks, the time-domain interference alignment (TDIA) mechanism aligns interference signals through delay-aware slot scheduling, creating additional idle time for improved transmission at the medium access control (MAC) layer. However, perfect alignment remains challenging due to arbitrary delays. This study enhances TDIA by incorporating power allocation into its transmission scheduling framework across the physical and MAC layers, following the cross-layer design principle. The proposed quasi-interference alignment (QIA) mechanism enables controlled interference on useful signals by jointly optimizing the transmission schedule and power. The formulated optimization problem to maximize network throughput is divided into two sub-problems: one for coarse slot scheduling and another for refining both scheduling and power allocation. The simulation results validate the QIA framework's superiority over the traditional TDIA and genetic algorithm benchmarks.
作者机构：
[Ou, Qi; Ma, Wankun; Wang, Shuangshuang; Gong, Xueyu] Univ South China, Sch Nucl Sci & Technol, Hengyang 421001, Peoples R China.;[Yin, Lan; Chen, You; Yin, L] Univ South China, Sch Math & Phys, Hengyang 421001, Peoples R China.;[Peng, Yaoyi] Univ South China, Sch Elect Engn, Hengyang 421001, Peoples R China.;[Zheng, Pingwei] Univ South China, Sch Resources Environm & Safety Engn, Hengyang 421001, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Yin, L ] U;Univ South China, Sch Math & Phys, Hengyang 421001, Peoples R China.
关键词：
minority ion heating;stellarator;ICRF
摘要：
A preliminary simulation of ion cyclotron resonance heating (ICRH) in the poloidal cross-section at the antenna location of the CN-H1 (Chinese Heliac 1) stellarator has been conducted for the first time using the full-wave solver TORIC. The heating scheme employed focuses on minority ion heating of He 4 (H), with an independent investigation into the effects of wave frequency, toroidal mode number, and minority ion concentration on ICRH. Preliminary simulation results indicate that, under the conditions of wave frequency f = 4.7MHz, central magnetic field B 0 = 0.32T and low-temperature, low-density plasma (with density on the order of 10 18 m −3 and temperature in the range of tens of eV), more efficient minority-ion heating can be achieved when the toroidal mode number is in the range of 10–20 and the minority ion concentration is between 15% and 30%. This simulation provides theoretical insights and delineates the parameter space for prospective ICRH experiments in CN-H1.
期刊：
Journal of Power Sources,2025年640:236802 ISSN：0378-7753
通讯作者：
Qi Feng
作者机构：
[Qi Feng; Lu Sun; Penghui Zhu; Xiaofeng Miao; Xuguang Li; Zheng Liu; Guangxia Wang] School of Applied Physics and Materials, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, 529020, Guangdong, China;[Jing Zhao] School of Textile Materials and Engineering, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, 529020, Guangdong, China;[Fuqin Deng] School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, 529020, Guangdong, China;[Yajun Wang] School of Electrical Engineering, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China
通讯机构：
[Qi Feng] S;School of Applied Physics and Materials, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, 529020, Guangdong, China
摘要：
Efficient and durable electrocatalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) are vital for advancing renewable energy technologies, particularly in water-splitting systems. Herein, we report a novel surface engineering strategy to enhance the OER performance of Bi 2 Ru 2 O 7 (BRO) pyrochlore oxide by constructing amorphous/crystalline heterostructures. Using four surface treatment agents—nitric acid, hydrogen peroxide, vitamin C, and sodium borohydride—we successfully induced an amorphous RuOx layer on crystalline BRO, significantly increasing specific surface area, oxygen vacancies, and active sites. Among these, vitamin C-treated BRO (BRO-VC) exhibited exceptional OER activity, achieving a low overpotential of 297 mV at 10 mA cm −2 in 1 M KOH, outperforming untreated BRO (349 mV), other treated variants, and commercial RuO 2 (410 mV). Density functional theory (DFT) calculations reveal that the RuO x /BRO heterostructure shifts the d-band center, optimizing adsorption energies of OER intermediates and reducing overpotential. This work demonstrates that tailoring amorphous/crystalline interfaces via surface treatment offers a powerful approach to designing high-performance OER catalysts, providing critical insights into structural engineering for electrocatalytic applications.
Efficient and durable electrocatalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) are vital for advancing renewable energy technologies, particularly in water-splitting systems. Herein, we report a novel surface engineering strategy to enhance the OER performance of Bi 2 Ru 2 O 7 (BRO) pyrochlore oxide by constructing amorphous/crystalline heterostructures. Using four surface treatment agents—nitric acid, hydrogen peroxide, vitamin C, and sodium borohydride—we successfully induced an amorphous RuOx layer on crystalline BRO, significantly increasing specific surface area, oxygen vacancies, and active sites. Among these, vitamin C-treated BRO (BRO-VC) exhibited exceptional OER activity, achieving a low overpotential of 297 mV at 10 mA cm −2 in 1 M KOH, outperforming untreated BRO (349 mV), other treated variants, and commercial RuO 2 (410 mV). Density functional theory (DFT) calculations reveal that the RuO x /BRO heterostructure shifts the d-band center, optimizing adsorption energies of OER intermediates and reducing overpotential. This work demonstrates that tailoring amorphous/crystalline interfaces via surface treatment offers a powerful approach to designing high-performance OER catalysts, providing critical insights into structural engineering for electrocatalytic applications.
作者机构：
[Zhicheng Bi; Jinfeng Xiao; Chaofeng Wang] School of Electrical Engineering, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China [email protected]
会议名称：
AISNS '24: Proceedings of the 2024 2nd International Conference on Artificial Intelligence, Systems and Network Security
摘要：
Underwater acoustic communication networks can satisfy the need for long-distance reliable communication for underwater node, serving as a key technology for the informatization and intelligentization of such communication. However, due to the use of sound waves as a carrier for information, underwater acoustic networks face complex challenges such as long propagation delays, severe channel attenuation, multipath effects, and environmental noise. To enhance the communication efficiency and reduce network congestion of underwater acoustic networks, this study proposes a MAC protocol based on deep reinforcement learning to adaptively adjust the transmission strategy of network nodes. Each network node collaboratively decides the optimal transmission slot based on its own data buffer status and the history of transmission conflicts, to suppress transmission conflicts and thereby maximize transmission rates. Simulation results show that the designed protocol significantly improves the network throughput while ensuring the fairness of transmission among nodes, providing an important foundation for the rapid exchange of information between underwater nodes.
摘要：
Cuproptosis, a novel copper-driven cell death, offers potential for cancer therapy, yet challenges persist in targeted delivery of copper ions and therapeutic resistance management. Here, CuTG-Cas9@PLL, a cuproptosis nano-inducer for efficient delivery of Cu ions, 6-Thio-dG (6-thio-2 '-deoxyguanosine), and CRISPR/Cas9 to enhance cuproptosis and immunotherapy via telomere stress and metabolic interference is developed. This system, combined with microneedle patches for transdermal delivery in melanoma treatment, targets the "Warburg effect," a key resistance mechanism, through CRISPR/Cas9-mediated LDHA knockout, thereby sensitizing cancer cells to cuproptosis and reversing immune suppression. Moreover, 6-Thio-dG-induced telomere stress not only amplifies cuproptosis via autophagy dysfunction but also boosts anti-tumor immunity by increased immunogenicity of senescent cancer cells. This work presents a novel approach for developing efficient cuproptosis nano-inducers and reports on the feasibility of enhancing cancer cuproptosis and anti-tumor immunotherapy through telomere stress induction and CRISPR/Cas9-mediated metabolic interference.
作者机构：
[Xu, Baomin; Wang, Xingzhu; Zhang, Jiyao; Liu, Zhixin; Wang, Deng; Wang, XZ; Wang, Jiangfeng; Xu, Yintai; Zhu, Peide; Xu, Jianpeng; Zhou, Xianyong; Zeng, Jie; Zhang, Yong] Southern Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Shenzhen 518055, Peoples R China.;[Ying, Lei; Zhu, Chunguang; Ying, L] South China Univ Technol, Inst Polymer Optoelect Mat & Devices, State Key Lab Luminescent Mat & Devices, Guangzhou 510640, Peoples R China.;[Yan, Lei; Xu, Yintai; Yan, L] Xiangtan Univ, Sch Phys & Optoelect, Xiangtan 411105, Peoples R China.;[Wang, Xingzhu] Shenzhen Putai Technol Co Ltd, Shenzhen 518110, Peoples R China.;[Wang, Xingzhu] Univ South China, Engn & Res Ctr Integrated New Energy Photovolta &, Hengyang 421001, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Xu, BM ; Ying, L ; Wang, XZ] S;[Yan, L ] X;Southern Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Shenzhen 518055, Peoples R China.;South China Univ Technol, Inst Polymer Optoelect Mat & Devices, State Key Lab Luminescent Mat & Devices, Guangzhou 510640, Peoples R China.;Xiangtan Univ, Sch Phys & Optoelect, Xiangtan 411105, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Non-fullerene acceptors;Ester-based quinoxaline;Ternary organic solar cells;Energy loss;High efficiency
摘要：
The ternary strategy has been recognized as an effective approach for boosting the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of organic solar cells (OSCs). For ternary devices, selecting an appropriate third component is critical to ensure that both the photocurrent and voltage outputs of OSCs are not compromised. In this study, we present the use of an ester-based quinoxaline core non-fullerene acceptor (QEIP-4Cl) for the fabrication of ternary devices, which demonstrate enhanced absorption spectra and beneficial cascading LUMO energy level arrangement when paired with the PM6:L8-BO blend. Compared to the binary system, the ternary blend system exhibits superior thin-film phase separation and better suppression of non-radiative recombination, resulting in a reduced energy loss (E loss ) value. Moreover, by prolonging exciton lifetime, promoting charge carrier migration and suppressing charge recombination to facilitate improved J SC in OSCs. With the combined enhancement of V OC and J SC , OSCs achieve an impressive efficiency of 19.27 %. This research demonstrates the effectiveness of the ternary strategy in enhancing the performance of OSCs. The careful selection of the third component contributes to improved absorption, energy level alignment, and overall efficiency, making it a notable advancement in organic solar cell technology.
The ternary strategy has been recognized as an effective approach for boosting the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of organic solar cells (OSCs). For ternary devices, selecting an appropriate third component is critical to ensure that both the photocurrent and voltage outputs of OSCs are not compromised. In this study, we present the use of an ester-based quinoxaline core non-fullerene acceptor (QEIP-4Cl) for the fabrication of ternary devices, which demonstrate enhanced absorption spectra and beneficial cascading LUMO energy level arrangement when paired with the PM6:L8-BO blend. Compared to the binary system, the ternary blend system exhibits superior thin-film phase separation and better suppression of non-radiative recombination, resulting in a reduced energy loss (E loss ) value. Moreover, by prolonging exciton lifetime, promoting charge carrier migration and suppressing charge recombination to facilitate improved J SC in OSCs. With the combined enhancement of V OC and J SC , OSCs achieve an impressive efficiency of 19.27 %. This research demonstrates the effectiveness of the ternary strategy in enhancing the performance of OSCs. The careful selection of the third component contributes to improved absorption, energy level alignment, and overall efficiency, making it a notable advancement in organic solar cell technology.
作者机构：
[Wenxing Wu] College of Nuclear Science and Technology, University of South China, 421001, Hengyang, China;[Hanxia Liu] School of Electrical Engineering, University of South China, 421001, Hengyang, China;[Xuming Jin; Liangliang Guo; Tao Zhu; Liangbin Hu; Pinghu Chen; Changjun Qiu] Key Laboratory of Hunan Province of Equipment Safety Service Technology Under Extreme Environment, College of Mechanical Engineering, University of South China, 421001, Hengyang, China;[Chao Yang] National Engineering Research Center of Light Alloy Net Forming, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China;[Paul K. Chu] Department of Materials Science & Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, 999077, China
通讯机构：
[Chao Yang] N;National Engineering Research Center of Light Alloy Net Forming, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
摘要：
To solve the serious wear problem of mold steels at a high temperature, a 15 wt% WCp (Tungsten Carbide particles) reinforced Fe 50 Mn 30 Cr 10 Co 10 HEA (High Entropy Alloy) composite coating is fabricated by laser cladding to improve the high-temperature wear resistance based on high hardness and thermal stability of HEA. Tribological tests are carried out at different temperature, and the wear mechanism is explored. The experimental results reveal three main phases of γ-Fe, WC, and W 2 C in the LCed (Laser Cladded) HEA composite coating. Small amounts of nanoscale WC and MnO are precipitated to enhance the mechanical properties. The variation rule pertaining to the volume wear rate is that the values rise first and fall later with increasing temperature. The maximum wear rate is observed above 5 × 10 −5 mm 3 /N·m at 400 °C. Although the hardness may diminish with increasing temperature in theory, the relative wear resistance can be improved because the oxide could enhance the supportive capacity and isolating effects of the glaze layer between the friction pair. Fe 2 O 3 can be considered a solid lubricant to reduce the wear rate. With increasing friction temperature, the wear mechanism changes from typical abrasive/fatigue wear to adhesive/delamination wear. Consequently, the 15 wt% WCp-reinforced HEA composite shows excellent wear resistance at 800 °C relative to H13 steel and the results provide the theoretical and experimental basis for liquid die forging.
To solve the serious wear problem of mold steels at a high temperature, a 15 wt% WCp (Tungsten Carbide particles) reinforced Fe 50 Mn 30 Cr 10 Co 10 HEA (High Entropy Alloy) composite coating is fabricated by laser cladding to improve the high-temperature wear resistance based on high hardness and thermal stability of HEA. Tribological tests are carried out at different temperature, and the wear mechanism is explored. The experimental results reveal three main phases of γ-Fe, WC, and W 2 C in the LCed (Laser Cladded) HEA composite coating. Small amounts of nanoscale WC and MnO are precipitated to enhance the mechanical properties. The variation rule pertaining to the volume wear rate is that the values rise first and fall later with increasing temperature. The maximum wear rate is observed above 5 × 10 −5 mm 3 /N·m at 400 °C. Although the hardness may diminish with increasing temperature in theory, the relative wear resistance can be improved because the oxide could enhance the supportive capacity and isolating effects of the glaze layer between the friction pair. Fe 2 O 3 can be considered a solid lubricant to reduce the wear rate. With increasing friction temperature, the wear mechanism changes from typical abrasive/fatigue wear to adhesive/delamination wear. Consequently, the 15 wt% WCp-reinforced HEA composite shows excellent wear resistance at 800 °C relative to H13 steel and the results provide the theoretical and experimental basis for liquid die forging.
摘要：
Chemically modifiable small-molecule hole transport materials (HTMs) hold promise for achieving efficient and scalable perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Compared to emerging self-assembled monolayers, small-molecule HTMs are more reliable in terms of large-area deposition and long-term operational stability. However, current small-molecule HTMs in inverted PSCs lack efficient molecular designs that balance both the charge transport capability and interface compatibility, resulting in a long-standing stagnation of power conversion efficiency (PCE) below 24.5%. Here, we report the comprehensive design of HTMs' backbone and functional groups, which optimizes a simple planar linear molecular backbone with a high mobility exceeding 7.1 × 10(-4) cm(2) V(-1) S(-1) and enhances its interface anchoring capability. Owing to the improved surface properties and anchoring effects, the tailored HTMs enhance the interface contact at the HTM/perovskite heterojunction, minimizing nonradiative recombination and transport loss and leading to a high fill factor of 86.1%. Our work has overcome the persistent efficiency bottleneck for small-molecule HTMs, particularly for large-area devices. Consequently, the resultant PSCs exhibit PCEs of 26.1% (25.7% certified) for a 0.068 cm(2) device and 24.7% (24.4% certified) for a 1.008 cm(2) device, representing the highest PCE for small-molecule HTMs in inverted PSCs.
摘要：
The paper deals with the resilient attitude tracking problem for state-unmeasurable spacecraft under actuator faults and time-varying input delay by developing a new observer-based switching linear parameter-varying (SLPV) approach. First, the uncertain nonlinear dynamics of spacecraft rotational motion are modeled as a SLPV system, where a persistent dwell time (PDT) constraint is exploited for ruling the switching mechanism. Then, using the delay-dependent multi-Lyapunov functions method, a parameter-dependent fault-tolerant SLPV controller is proposed via constructing a state observer with the same switching mechanism. Thereby, the globally uniformly exponential stability (GUES) and ℒ ∞ $$ {\mathcal{L}}_{\infty } $$ disturbance attenuation performance of the established SLPV attitude system are achieved through solving finite linear matrix inequalities. Finally, the superiority of the developed control framework for spacecraft is validated v ia numerical example.
作者机构：
[Zhang, Pengcheng; Zhou, Pengfei] Univ South China, Sch Elect Engn, Hengyang 421200, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Zhang, PC ] U;Univ South China, Sch Elect Engn, Hengyang 421200, Peoples R China.
摘要：
The Li 2 Mg 3 Ti 1 − x Al 4 x /3 O 6 (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.1) ceramics are synthesized using the solid phase method, showing excellent microwave dielectric properties with ε r = 14.05, Q × f = 144 500 GHz, and τ f = −43 ppm/°C at x = 0.04. Rietveld refinements, based on the XRD data, reveal that the Li 2 Mg 3 Ti 1 − x Al 4 x /3 O 6 ceramics crystallize in the rock salt structure with Fm-3m space group. The relationship between the crystal structure and intrinsic microwave dielectric properties is studied in detail. The variation in the dielectric constant is related to ionic polarization and relative density. The quality factor (Q × f) demonstrates a strong correlation with lattice energy, relative density, and concentration of Ti 3+ . The variation of τ f is influenced by the bond thermal expansion coefficient and bond valence. The dielectric resonant antenna, manufactured from Li 2 Mg 3 Ti 0.96 Al 0.0533 O 6 -0.09TiO 2 ceramic with near-zero τ f , shows a bandwidth of 230 MHz at 7.40 GHz and a high radiant efficiency, which indicates that high-quality factor Li 2 Mg 3 Ti 0.96 Al 0.0533 O 6 ceramic has significant potential in relevant fields such as 5G and smart driving.
