通讯机构：
[Yin, XH ] U;Univ South China, Sch Nursing, Hengyang, Hunan, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Prehabilitation;Frailty;Aged;Meta-analysis
摘要：
Objective: The study investigates the impact of preoperative rehabilitation on the surgical prognosis of frail older patients. Method: The effect sizes of all studies retrieved and included by the nine databases were analyzed and expressed as RR and WMD. Results: 8 studies with 902 participants met the criteria for inclusion. A significant reduction in total complications (RR = 0.84, 95 % CI = 0.73 to 0.97, P = 0.021) and the 6MWT after surgery (WMD = 74.76, 95 % CI = 44.75 to 104.77, P = 0.000) was observed in the prehabilitation group. But it had no differences in mortality(RR = 1.89, 95 % CI = 0.75 to 4.72, P = 0.176), readmission rates(RR = 1.04, 95 % CI = 0.56 to 1.91, P = 0.906) and LOS(WMD = -0.24, 95 % CI = -1.00 to 0.52, P = 0.540). Conclusions: Prehabilitation had positive effect on postoperative complications and functional recovery in frail older patients. (c) 2023 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)
期刊：
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY,2024年14:1351540 ISSN：2235-2988
通讯作者：
Gao, H
作者机构：
[Gao, H; Gao, Hong; Tan, Lingling] Univ South China, Affiliated Hosp 2, Hengyang Med Sch, Nursing Dept, Hengyang, Peoples R China.;[Gao, H; Gao, Hong] Ottawa Hosp, Res Inst, Ottawa, ON, Canada.;[Chen, Yahui; Liu, Qiao] Univ South China, Sch Nursing, Hengyang, Peoples R China.;[Li, Genlin; Wang, Xiaolan] Univ South China, Affiliated Hosp 1, Ctr Combinat Obstet & Gynecol & Reprod Med, Hengyang Med Sch, Hengyang, Peoples R China.;[Li, Ting] Univ South China, Affiliated Hosp 2, Hengyang Med Sch, Dept Obstet, Hengyang, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Gao, H ] U;Univ South China, Affiliated Hosp 2, Hengyang Med Sch, Nursing Dept, Hengyang, Peoples R China.;Ottawa Hosp, Res Inst, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
摘要：
Relevant studies increasingly indicate that female reproductive health is confronted with substantial challenges. Emerging research has revealed that the microbiome interacts with the anatomy, histology, and immunity of the female reproductive tract, which are the cornerstone of maintaining female reproductive health and preventing adverse pregnancy outcomes. Currently, the precise mechanisms underlying their interaction and impact on physiological functions of the reproductive tract remain elusive, constituting a prominent area of investigation within the field of female reproductive tract microecology. From this new perspective, we explore the mechanisms of interactions between the microbiome and the anatomy, histology, and immunity of the female reproductive tract, factors that affect the composition of the microbiome in the female reproductive tract, as well as personalized medicine approaches in managing female reproductive tract health based on the microbiome. This study highlights the pivotal role of the female reproductive tract microbiome in maintaining reproductive health and influencing the occurrence of reproductive tract diseases. These findings support the exploration of innovative approaches for the prevention, monitoring and treatment of female reproductive tract diseases based on the microbiome.
期刊：
Western Journal of Nursing Research,2024年46(2):68-80 ISSN：0193-9459
通讯作者：
Ouyang, Xinping;He, PP
作者机构：
[Li, Junyi; Wen, Min; Chen, Yeshi; Wen, Xiaohui; He, Pingping] Univ South China, Sch Nursing, Hengyang Med Sch, Hengyang, Peoples R China.;[Wen, Min] Yueyang Vocat Tech Coll, Sch Nursing, Yueyang, Peoples R China.;[Yu, Juping] Univ South Wales, Fac Life Sci & Educ, Pontypridd, Wales.;[He, Pingping; Ouyang, Xinping] Hunan Normal Univ, Med Coll, Changsha, Peoples R China.;[Ouyang, Xinping; He, Pingping] Hunan Normal Univ, Med Coll, Changsha 410013, Hunan, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Ouyang, XP; He, PP ] H;Hunan Normal Univ, Med Coll, Changsha 410013, Hunan, Peoples R China.
关键词：
fatigue;self-management;quality of life;coronary heart disease
摘要：
OBJECTIVE: This research aimed to determine how a 12-week PRECEDE-PROCEED model-based intervention affected fatigue in patients with coronary heart disease. METHODS: This cluster randomized controlled trial recruited participants diagnosed with coronary heart disease at 2 community health centers in China. Participants in the control group (n = 36) received routine health education, whereas those in the intervention group (n = 38) were given a 12-week PRECEDE-PROCEED model-based intervention and routine health education. The intervention consisted of 6 training sessions on coronary heart disease, fatigue, fatigue management, self-management skills and social support. A primary outcome (fatigue) and 4 secondary outcomes (knowledge of fatigue, self-management, quality of life and body mass index) were assessed using the Fatigue Scale-14, Fatigue Cognitive Questionnaire for Patients with Coronary Heart Disease, Coronary Artery Disease Self-Management Scale, Chinese Cardiovascular Questionnaire of Quality of Life, and electronic weighing scale, respectively. Data were collected 3 times over 12 weeks. RESULTS: Compared with the control group, the intervention group showed a statistically significant improvement in the level of fatigue (8.72 vs 7.06, P < .001), knowledge of fatigue (P < .001), self-management skills (P < .001), and quality of life (P < .001). However, there was no significant difference in body mass index between the 2 groups (P = .504). CONCLUSIONS: The findings suggest that a well-designed intervention based on the PRECEDE-PROCEED model could alleviate fatigue symptoms and increase knowledge of fatigue, self-management skills and quality of life in patients with coronary heart disease.
作者机构：
[Guo, Junchen; Xu, Xianghua; Chen, Yongyi; Wang, Ying; Liu, Chaoyi] Hunan Canc Hosp, Dept Palliat care, 283 Tongzipo Rd, Changsha 410006, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Guo, Junchen] Univ South China, Sch Nursing, 28 Changsheng West Rd, Hengyang 421001, Hunan, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Chen, YY ] H;Hunan Canc Hosp, Dept Palliat care, 283 Tongzipo Rd, Changsha 410006, Hunan, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Telemedicine;End of life;Family caregiver;Qualitative study
摘要：
Despite being driven by a strong sense of duty and familial obligation, providing care for patients nearing the end of life poses challenges for family caregivers. Telemedicine has rapidly gained traction as a transformative approach to healthcare delivery, offering an array of benefits that could be particularly valuable in end-of-life care. However, research on the perspectives of telemedicine-based services among family caregivers of patients with end-of-life cancer is limited. Therefore, this study aims to explore the perspectives and preferences of telemedicine-based services among family caregivers of patients with end-of-life cancer and provide a framework for developing and executing a tailored telemedicine-based end-of-life care program that addresses the unique needs of family caregivers in mainland China. A descriptive phenomenological approach was used. Family caregivers were selected using purposive sampling at a tertiary cancer hospital. One-on-one semi-structured interviews were conducted with the participants from November to December 2022. Colaizz’s method was used to analyze the interviews. Fourteen participants participated in interviews. Three themes and ten subthemes were identified: motivation to receive telemedicine services (relief from the burden of home care; access to professional health care services), supportive care needs for telemedicine services (support for symptom management; negative emotional adjustment; death education; daily life care guidance), and functional expectations of telemedicine service platforms (ease of use; real-time online guidance and response; personalized automatic reminder; targeted matching push of health knowledge). Family caregivers expressed interest in telemedicine-based services and identified various care needs before receiving telemedicine services. The findings of this study can help policymakers and healthcare providers develop more effective and culturally appropriate telemedicine-based service programs that can better support family caregivers of end-of-life cancer patients.
作者机构：
[Guo, Junchen; Liu, Junqingzhao; Xu, Xianghua; Chen, Yongyi; Wang, Ying; Liu, Chaoyi] Hunan Canc Hosp, Dept Palliat care, 283 Tongzipo Rd, Changsha 410006, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Guo, Junchen] Univ South China, Sch Nursing, 28 Changsheng West Rd, Hengyang 421001, Hunan, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Chen, YY ] H;Hunan Canc Hosp, Dept Palliat care, 283 Tongzipo Rd, Changsha 410006, Hunan, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Nursing informatics competency;Palliative care;Nurses;Cross-sectional study
摘要：
<bold>Background: </bold>Nursing informatics (NI) competency is a required core competency for high-quality care in digitally enabled healthcare environments. Given the increasing reliance on digital health in palliative care settings, it becomes crucial to evaluate the NI competency of nurses to ensure the seamless integration and effective utilization of digital health in their clinical practice. This study aimed to investigate the level of NI competency and explore its associated factors among palliative care nurses in mainland China. <bold>Methods: </bold>A cross-sectional design was conducted for this study, involving a total of 409 palliative care nurses from 302 hospitals in mainland China. Anonymous data were collected through a self-designed sociodemographic questionnaire, the Nursing Informatics Competency Scale (NICS) and the Innovative Self-Efficacy Scale. <bold>Results: </bold>The total score of the NICS was 129.19 +/- 22.02, which indicated that Chinese palliative care nurses had a moderate level of NI competency. There was a positive correlation between innovative self-efficacy and NI competency (r = 0.602, P < 0.01). The hospital level and innovative self-efficacy were identified as statistically significant factors influencing nurses' NI competency based on multiple linear regression analysis results. These associated factors could explain 35.1% of the difference in NI competency. <bold>Conclusions: </bold>This study found that palliative care nurses in mainland China exhibited moderate levels of NI competency and identified the hospital level and innovative self-efficacy as associated factors of nurses' NI competency. Measures such as developing supported strategies, including targeted NI training programs by nursing education managers of primary-level hospitals and creating a positive culture of innovation by healthcare institutions can be considered to improve the level of NI competency among Chinese palliative care nurses.
期刊：
Public Health Nursing,2024年41(3) ISSN：0737-1209
通讯作者：
Zeng, Y
作者机构：
[Peng, Tong; Huang, Li-li; Yue, Qian-qian; Feng, Ge-hui; Tang, Tian; Zeng, Ying; Meng, Xin-ru; Zhao, Ke-hao; Sun, Ying-xue] Univ South China, Sch Nursing, Hengyang Med Sch, Dept Int & Human Nursing Hunan Sci Popularizat Edu, Hengyang, Peoples R China.;[Zeng, Ying; Zeng, Xi] Univ South China, Canc Res Inst, Hunan Prov Key Lab Tumor Cellular & Mol Pathol, Hengyang, Peoples R China.;[Zeng, Ying; Zeng, Xi] Univ South China, Hengyang Med Sch, Hengyang, Peoples R China.;[Zeng, Ying] Univ South China, Sch Nursing, Dept Int & Humanist Nursing, Hengyang, Peoples R China.;[Zeng, Ying] Canc Res Inst Univ South China, Key Lab Tumor Cellular & Mol Pathol, Hengyang, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Zeng, Y ] U;Univ South China, Hengyang Med Sch, Hengyang, Peoples R China.;Univ South China, Sch Nursing, Dept Int & Humanist Nursing, Hengyang, Peoples R China.;Canc Res Inst Univ South China, Key Lab Tumor Cellular & Mol Pathol, Hengyang, Peoples R China.
摘要：
BACKGROUND: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the sixth most common cancer worldwide and the third leading cause of cancer mortality. HCC has high morbidity, high mortality, and low survival rates. Screening is one of the most significant methods of lowering incidence and death while also increasing survival. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to identify the facilitators and barriers to participation in HCC screening among high-risk populations. METHODS: A comprehensive and systematic search was undertaken in PubMed, Web of Science, MEDLINE, EMBACE, EBSCOhost and the Cochrane Library. A combination of synonyms of the keywords including HCC, screening, factors and adherence were used for searching. Studies addressing the facilitators and barriers to HCC screening compliance in at-risk individuals were included. Data were synthesized using Review Manager version 5.4. A random/fixed effects model meta-analysis was performed to estimate the pooled data and expressed with odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI). RESULTS: A total of seven articles met the inclusion criteria. Qualitative (n=1) and quantitative (n=6) studies using various types of surgery were conducted. The most commonly mentioned barriers were insufficient knowledge and awareness of HCC screening, unawareness of the necessity for early detection of HCC and lack of physician recommendation. A meta-analysis of seven studies showed that individuals with a family history of HCC increased screening uptake by nearly three times (OR: 2.69, 95% CI: 1.93, 3.75). Other most frequently reported facilitators include age, education level, and perceived risk etal. CONCLUSIONS: Many barriers to HCC screening were found. Meanwhile, this review points out that improving the awareness of high-risk populations toward HCC screening is expected to enhance compliance, thereby promoting early diagnosis of liver cancer, reducing mortality, and alleviating the burden of HCC.
摘要：
The Pgp3 subunit vaccine elicits immune protection against Chlamydia trachomatis infection, but additional adjuvants are still required to enhance its immunoprotective efficacy. Flagellin can selectively stimulate immunity and act as an adjuvant. In this research, the FliC-Pgp3 recombinant was successfully expressed and purified. Tri-immunization with the FliC-Pgp3 vaccine in Balb/C mice induced rapid and persistent germinal center B-cell response and Tfh differentiation, promoting a significantly higher IgG antibody titer compared to the Pgp3 group. FliC-Pgp3 immunization primarily induced Th1-type cellular immunity, leading to higher levels of IFN-γ, TNF-α, and IL-2 secreted by CD4(+) T cells than in Pgp3-vaccinated mice. Chlamydia muridarum challenge results showed that FliC-Pgp3-vaccinated mice exhibited more rapid clearance of Chlamydia muridarum colonization in the lower genital tract, ensuring a lower hydrosalpinx rate and cumulative score. Histological analysis showed reduced dilation and inflammatory infiltration in the oviduct and uterine horn of FliC-Pgp3-vaccinated mice compared to the PBS and Pgp3 control. Importantly, tri-immunization with FliC-Pgp3 effectively activated CD4(+) T cells and dendritic cells, as confirmed by the adoptive transfer, resulting in better immune protection in recipient mice. In summary, the novel FliC-Pgp3 chimeric is hoped to be a novel vaccine with improved immunoprotection against Chlamydia muridarum.
摘要：
BACKGROUND: Anxiety and depression are critical mental health problems among persons with coronary heart disease (CHD). The range of symptoms is an important stressor for adverse cardiovascular events, and these symptoms can be involved in various ways during the course of CHD. However, the characteristics and mechanisms of comorbidity between the two mental states from the viewpoint of symptom interactions in patients with CHD remain unclear. Therefore, we aim to apply a symptom-oriented approach to identify core and bridge symptoms between anxiety and depression in a population with CHD and to identify differences in network structure over time and symptomatic link profiles. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: We designed a multicentre, cross-sectional, longitudinal study of anxiety and depression symptoms among patients with CHD. We will evaluate degrees of symptoms using the Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale, the Patient Health Questionnaire and the WHO Quality of Life-Brief version. Patients will be followed up for 1, 3 and 6 months after baseline measurements. We will analyse and interpret network structures using R software and its packages. The primary outcomes of interest will include centrality, bridge connections, estimates, differences in network structures and profiles of changes over time. The secondary outcome measures will be the stability and accuracy of the network. By combining cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses, this study should elucidate the central and potential causative pathways among anxiety and depression symptom networks as well as their temporal stability in patients with CHD. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: The project conforms to the ethical principles enshrined in the Declaration of Helsinki (2013 amendment) and all local ethical guidelines. The ethics committee at the University of South China approved the study (Approval ID: 2023-USC-HL-414). The findings will be published and presented at conferences for widespread dissemination. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: ChiCTR2300075813.
摘要：
Scavenger Receptor Class B Type 1 (SR-B1), a receptor protein expressed on the cell membrane, plays a crucial role in the metabolism and transport of cholesterol and other lipids, contributing significantly to the homeostasis of lipid levels within the body. Bibliometric analysis involves the application of mathematical and statistical methods to quantitatively analyze different types of documents. It involves the analysis of structural and temporal trends in scholarly articles, coupled with the identification of subject emphasis and variations. Through a bibliometric analysis, this study examines the historical background, current research trends, and future directions in the exploration of SR-B1. By offering insights into the research status and development of SR-B1, this paper aims to assist researchers in identifying novel pathways and areas of investigation in this field of study. Following the screening process, it can be concluded that research on SR-B1 has consistently remained a topic of significant interest over the past 17 years. Interestingly, SR-B1 has recently garnered attention in areas beyond its traditional research focus, including the field of cancer. The primary objective of this review is to provide a concise and accessible overview of the development process of SR-B1 that can help readers who are not well-versed in SR-B1 research quickly grasp its key aspects. Furthermore, this review aims to offer insights and suggestions to researchers regarding potential future research directions and areas of emphasis relating to SR-B1.
作者机构：
[Pan, Rong-Jia; Wang, Man-Yi; Sun, Cai-Xia; Gui, Min; Li, Xiao-Shan; Wu, Fei; Zeng, Gu-Qing] Univ South China, Affiliated Hosp 1, Sch Nursing, Hengyang Med Sch, Hengyang 421001, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Gui, Si-Jie; Ni, Xiao-Yan] Cent South Univ, Xiangya Hosp 2, Changsha 410011, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Lei, Xiu-Hong] Univ South China, Affiliated Hosp 2, Hengyang Med Sch, Hengyang 421001, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Sun, Cai-Xia; Wu, Fei; Zeng, Gu-Qing] Joint Training Base Nursing Postgrad Univ South Ch, Intelligent Nursing Res Ctr Hunan Prov, Hengyang 421001, Hunan, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Zeng, GQ ] U;Univ South China, Affiliated Hosp 1, Sch Nursing, Hengyang Med Sch, Hengyang 421001, Hunan, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Cardiac function;Chronic heart failure;ESPCS intervention;Quality of life;Self-perceived burden
摘要：
BACKGROUND: Patients with New York Heart Association (NYHA) grade III chronic heart failure (CHF) present with low capacity for daily activities, severe self-perceived burden, and poor quality of life. Effective nursing interventions may reduce patients' self-perceived burden and improve their quality of life. OBJECTIVES: To explore the effects of an explain-simulate-practice-communicate-support intervention on the self-perceived burden, cardiac function, and activities of daily living (ADL) ability in patients with New York Heart Association grade III chronic heart failure. METHODS: Of the 100 patients with New York Heart Association grade III chronic heart failure who were electronically randomized and equally divided into control and intervention groups, data from 88 patients who completed our study were analyzed. The primary outcome was quality of life; secondary outcomes were self-perceived burden, 6-min walking test distances, serum N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide levels, New York Heart Association cardiac function classification, and ability to perform activities of daily living. RESULTS: After 12 weeks' intervention, the intervention group had significantly lower self-perceived burden, Minnesota Living with Heart Failure Questionnaire scores, N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide levels, and New York Heart Association grades compared with the control group, while 6-min walking test distances, left ventricular ejection fraction, and modified Barthel Index scale scores were significantly higher than those in the control group (P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The explain-simulate-practice-communicate-support intervention improved patients' quality of life through reducing the level of self-perceived burden, and improving cardiac function and activities of daily living ability. This intervention was found to be effective for patients with New York Heart Association grade III chronic heart failure.
关键词：
cancer;experiential avoidance;fear of cancer recurrence;generalized estimating equations;longitudinal study;newly diagnosed cancer patients;oncology;psycho-oncology
摘要：
Abstract Objective The fear of cancer recurrence (FCR) is an ongoing and common psychological problem faced by cancer patients. The objective of this study was to explore the variation trend of FCR and its influencing factors in Chinese newly diagnosed cancer patients from admission to 2 months after discharge. Demographic and tumor characteristics, as well as experiential avoidance (EA), were used as predictors. Method A longitudinal design and a consecutive sampling method were used to select 266 newly diagnosed cancer patients admitted to a tertiary cancer hospital in China from July to December 2022. Measurements of FCR and EA were obtained at admission (T1), 1 month after discharge (T2), and 2 months post‐discharge (T3). Generalized estimating equations were used to identify factors associated with FCR for longitudinal data analysis. Results A total of 266 participants completed the follow‐up. Both FCR and EA scores of patients with newly diagnosed cancer showed a significant trend of first increasing and then decreasing at baseline and follow‐up (p < 0.001). The junior secondary and less education level, rural residence, advanced tumor and high EA level were risk factors for higher FCR. Conclusions Our findings suggest that the FCR levels of most newly diagnosed cancer patients in China are different at the three time points and affected by different factors, with the highest level at 1 month after discharge. These results have significant implications for future identifying populations in need of targeted intervention based on their FCR trajectories.
摘要：
Microbial degradation is a cost-effective and environmentally friendly method for removing microcystin-LR (MC-LR). However, the application of free bacteria has limitations due to low operational stability and difficulties in recovery. In a previous study, our group successfully isolated a highly efficient MC-LR-degrading bacterium, Sphingopyxis sp. YF1, from Taihu. To enhance its practical potential in addressing MC-LR-contaminated water pollution, a novel biological material named polyacrylonitrile-based carbon fiber @Sphingopyxis sp. YF1 (PAN-CF@YF1) was synthesized. The immobilization conditions of strain Sphingopyxis sp. YF1 on PAN-CF surfaces were optimized using Box–Behnken design and response surface methodology (RSM), which turned out to be an optimal pH of 7.6 for the culture medium, a ratio of 0.038 g of supporting materials per 100 mL of culture media, and an incubation time of 53.4 h. The resultant PAN-CF@YF1 showed a great degradation effect both for low and high concentrations of MC-LR and exhibited satisfactory cyclic stability (85.75% after six cycles). Moreover, the application of PAN-CF@YF1 in the bioreactors demonstrated effective and sustainable MC-LR removal, with a removal efficiency of 78.83% after three consecutive treatments. Therefore, PAN-CF@YF1 with high degradation activity, environmental compatibility, straightforward preparation, and recyclability shows significant application potential for the bioremediation of MC-LR-contaminated water bodies.
摘要：
OBJECTIVES: This study aims to develop and validate a prediction model for preterm birth in women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). DESIGN: We conducted a retrospective study on women with GDM who gave birth at the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China, between November 2017 and July 2021. We divided 1879 patients into a development set (n = 1346) and a validation set (n = 533). The development set was used to construct the prediction model for preterm birth using the stepwise logistic regression model. A nomogram and a web calculator were established based on the model. Discrimination and calibration were assessed in both sets. PATIENTS AND MEASUREMENTS: Patients were women with GDM. Data were collected from medical records. GDM was diagnosed with 75-g oral glucose tolerance test during 24-28 gestational weeks. Preterm birth was definied as gestational age at birth <37 weeks. RESULTS: The incidence of preterm birth was 9.4%. The predictive model included age, assisted reproductive technology, hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, reproductive system inflammation, intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy, high-density lipoprotein, homocysteine, and fasting blood glucose of 75-g oral glucose tolerance test. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve for the development and validation sets was 0.722 and 0.632, respectively. The model has been adequately calibrated using a calibration curve and the Hosmer-Lemeshow test, demonstrating a correlation between the predicted and observed risk. CONCLUSION: This study presents a novel, validated risk model for preterm birth in pregnant women with GDM, providing an individualized risk estimation using clinical risk factors in the third trimester of pregnancy.
期刊：
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY,2024年15:1289644 ISSN：1664-3224
通讯作者：
Li, ZY
作者机构：
[Li, Zhongyu; Fang, Chunxia; Li, ZY; Wang, Xinglv; Wu, Hongrong] Univ South China, Inst Pathogen Biol, Hengyang Med Coll, Sch Nursing,Hunan Prov Key Lab Special Pathogens P, Hengyang, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Li, ZY ] U;Univ South China, Inst Pathogen Biol, Hengyang Med Coll, Sch Nursing,Hunan Prov Key Lab Special Pathogens P, Hengyang, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Chlamydia trachomatis;immune evasion;innate immune cells;innate immunity;survival and growth
摘要：
Chlamydia trachomatis, is a kind of obligate intracellular pathogen. The removal of C. trachomatis relies primarily on specific cellular immunity. It is currently considered that CD4(+) Th1 cytokine responses are the major protective immunity against C. trachomatis infection and reinfection rather than CD8(+) T cells. The non-specific immunity (innate immunity) also plays an important role in the infection process. To survive inside the cells, the first process that C. trachomatis faces is the innate immune response. As the "sentry" of the body, mast cells attempt to engulf and remove C. trachomatis. Dendritic cells present antigen of C. trachomatis to the "commanders" (T cells) through MHC-I and MHC-II. IFN-γ produced by activated T cells and natural killer cells (NK) further activates macrophages. They form the body's "combat troops" and produce immunity against C. trachomatis in the tissues and blood. In addition, the role of eosinophils, basophils, innate lymphoid cells (ILCs), natural killer T (NKT) cells, γδT cells and B-1 cells should not be underestimated in the infection of C. trachomatis. The protective role of innate immunity is insufficient, and sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) caused by C. trachomatis infections tend to be insidious and recalcitrant. As a consequence, C. trachomatis has developed a unique evasion mechanism that triggers inflammatory immunopathology and acts as a bridge to protective to pathological adaptive immunity. This review focuses on the recent advances in how C. trachomatis evades various innate immune cells, which contributes to vaccine development and our understanding of the pathophysiologic consequences of C. trachomatis infection.
摘要：
BACKGROUND: Colorectal, and gastric cancers have the second, and fourth mortality rates worldwide, respectively. Endoscopic screening is a crucial diagnostic tool for colorectal, and gastric cancers. Effective interventions can improve adherence to endoscopic screening in high-risk populations, which is important for cancer prevention and mortality reduction. This study aimed to identify interventions that could improve adherence to endoscopic screening for cancer in high-risk populations. METHODS: Combination keywords including colorectal cancer, gastric cancer, screening adherence, and interventions were used to search for articles in PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and MEDLINE Complete. The review methodology was guided by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-SCR). RESULTS: A total of 12 articles were included in this review: 9 randomized controlled trials(RCT) and 3 quasi-experimental studies(QEDs). Among the extracted studies, 11 were about colorectal cancer, and 1 was about gastric cancer. Most studies used lecture-based or Information Technology-based health education interventions. Narrative interventions have proven to be novel and effective approaches for promoting adherence to endoscopic screening. Health education interventions included cancer epidemiology, cancer risk factors, warning symptoms, and screening methods. CONCLUSION: All interventions involved were effective in increasing individual knowledge of cancer-related endoscopic screening, willingness to undergo screening, and screening behaviors. These findings provide a reference for designing endoscopy-related cancer screening interventions.
摘要：
Esketamine, the right-handed optical isomer of racemic ketamine, is a rapidly acting antidepressant approved by the FDA for treatment-resistant depression in 2019. However, few studies have investigated esketamine's role in learning and memory, particularly in the context of memory reconsolidation. Herein, we evaluated esketamine's role in memory reconsolidation in 7-week-old male Institute of Cancer Research mice subjected to the novel object recognition (NOR) memory task. The NOR reconsolidation procedure comprised three phases: sampling, reactivation, and testing. Esketamine-enhanced NOR memory performance when injected into mice 0 h after reactivation rather than following a 6 h delay. Conversely, administering esketamine 24 h after sampling without reactivation did not enhance NOR memory performance. Notably, esketamine exhibited no discernible effects on nonspecific responses, such as locomotor activity and exploratory behavior. Furthermore, the α-amino-3‑hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA)-type receptor antagonist NBQX effectively blocked the esketamine-induced enhancement of memory reconsolidation. In conclusion, esketamine treatment markedly improves memory reconsolidation in NOR tasks, and this effect is linked to AMPA receptor activity.
摘要：
BackgroundTraditional emulsion adjuvants are limited in clinical application because of their surfactant dependence. Graphene oxide (GO) has unique amphiphilic properties and therefore has potential to be used as a surfactant substitute to stabilize Pickering emulsions. MethodsIn this study, GO-stabilized Pickering emulsion (GPE) was prepared and used as an adjuvant to facilitate an enhanced immune response to the Chlamydia trachomatis (Ct) Pgp3 recombinant vaccine. Firstly, GPE was prepared by optimizing the sonication conditions, pH, salinity, GO concentration, and water/oil ratio. GPE with small-size droplets was characterized and chosen as the candidate. Subsequently, controlled-release antigen delivery by GPE was explored. Cellular uptake behaviors, M1 polarization, and cytokine stimulation by GPE + Pgp3 was considered in terms of the production of macrophages. Finally, GPE's adjuvant effect was evaluated by vaccination with Pgp3 recombinant in BALB/c mouse models. ResultsGPE with the smallest droplet sizes was prepared by sonication under 163 W for 2 min at 1 mg/mL GO in natural salinity with a pH of 2 when the water/oil ratio was 10:1 (w/w). The optimized average GPE droplet size was 1.8 mu m and the zeta potential was -25.0 +/- 1.3 mv. GPE delivered antigens by adsorption onto the droplet surface, demonstrating the controlled release of antigens both in vitro and in vivo. In addition, GPE promoted antigen uptake, which stimulated proinflammatory tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), enhancing the M1 polarization of macrophages in vitro. Macrophage recruitment was also significantly promoted by GPE at the injection site. In the GPE + Pgp3 treatment group, higher levels of immunoglobin (IgG), immunoglobin G1 (IgG1), immunoglobin G2a (IgG2a) sera, and immunoglobin A (IgA) were detected in vaginal fluid, and higher levels of IFN-gamma and IL-2 secretion were stimulated, than in the Pgp3 group, showing a significant type 1 T helper (Th1)-type cellular immune response. Chlamydia muridarum challenging showed that GPE enhanced Pgp3's immunoprotection through its advanced clearance of bacterial burden and alleviation of chronic pathological damage in the genital tract. ConclusionThis study enabled the rational design of small-size GPE, shedding light on antigen adsorption and control release, macrophage uptake, polarization and recruitment, which enhanced augmented humoral and cellular immunity and ameliorated chlamydial-induced tissue damage in the genital tract.
