作者机构：
[Qingqing Yang; Haiyi Gong; Qingyan Zhang; Shuaishuai Guo; Qingyi Zeng] School of Resources & Environment and Safety Engineering, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China;[Yi-Lin Liu] School of Mechanical Engineering, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China
通讯机构：
[Yi-Lin Liu; Qingyi Zeng] S;School of Resources & Environment and Safety Engineering, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China<&wdkj&>School of Mechanical Engineering, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China
摘要：
Simultaneous uranium recovery, organic pollutant degradation, and electricity generation were achieved by employing a self-driven photoelectrochemical (PEC) system equipped with a modified carbon felt (MCF) cathode for the treatment of complex radioactive wastewater. The MCF cathode was synthesized via a facile hydrothermal method, which modified the surface functional groups on carbon felt (CF) with enhanced active site availability and facilitated interfacial charge transfer, thus improving its UO 2 2+ adsorption and reduction capacities. The self-driven PEC system with the MCF cathode demonstrated remarkable removal efficiencies and rate constants ( k ) for UO 2 2+ (98.8 % and 0.111 min −1 ) and chlortetracycline hydrochloride (CTC) (92.9 % and 0.028 min −1 ) within 40 min and 90 min, respectively, coupled with an excellent power output of 1.41 mW/cm 2 . Additionally, the system with the MCF cathode exhibited superior removal performance for UO 2 2+ and CTC in treating model complex wastewater under wide conditions. Even under natural sunlight, the system achieved over 80 % removal efficiency for both UO 2 2+ and CTC. Moreover, the uranium immobilized on the MCF cathode was mainly reduced to U(IV) species (90.51 %), and performance remained robust over ten operational cycles. The cathode surface modification strategy and its application in the system provide a cost-effective, multi-functional and high-efficiency approach to controlling nuclides and organic pollutants in complex radioactive wastewater.
Simultaneous uranium recovery, organic pollutant degradation, and electricity generation were achieved by employing a self-driven photoelectrochemical (PEC) system equipped with a modified carbon felt (MCF) cathode for the treatment of complex radioactive wastewater. The MCF cathode was synthesized via a facile hydrothermal method, which modified the surface functional groups on carbon felt (CF) with enhanced active site availability and facilitated interfacial charge transfer, thus improving its UO 2 2+ adsorption and reduction capacities. The self-driven PEC system with the MCF cathode demonstrated remarkable removal efficiencies and rate constants ( k ) for UO 2 2+ (98.8 % and 0.111 min −1 ) and chlortetracycline hydrochloride (CTC) (92.9 % and 0.028 min −1 ) within 40 min and 90 min, respectively, coupled with an excellent power output of 1.41 mW/cm 2 . Additionally, the system with the MCF cathode exhibited superior removal performance for UO 2 2+ and CTC in treating model complex wastewater under wide conditions. Even under natural sunlight, the system achieved over 80 % removal efficiency for both UO 2 2+ and CTC. Moreover, the uranium immobilized on the MCF cathode was mainly reduced to U(IV) species (90.51 %), and performance remained robust over ten operational cycles. The cathode surface modification strategy and its application in the system provide a cost-effective, multi-functional and high-efficiency approach to controlling nuclides and organic pollutants in complex radioactive wastewater.
期刊：
European Journal of Mechanics - A/Solids,2026年115:105822 ISSN：0997-7538
通讯作者：
Jiu-Jiu Chen
作者机构：
[Shao-Yong Huo; Qiu-Shuang Yang; Zhi-Peng Jin; Shu-xin Zhang; Chun-Ming Fu] College of Mechanical Engineering, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China;[Jiu-Jiu Chen] State Key Laboratory of Advanced Design and Manufacturing for Vehicle Body, College of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China;[Rong-hua Chen] School of Aeronautics and Mechanical Engineering, Jiangsu College Key Laboratory of Non-Traditional Machining, Changzhou Institute of Technology, Changzhou, Jiangsu, 213032, China
通讯机构：
[Jiu-Jiu Chen] S;State Key Laboratory of Advanced Design and Manufacturing for Vehicle Body, College of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China
摘要：
Manipulation of elastic waves to achieve rainbow trapping effect has attracted wide attention. However, most of the current researches achieve rainbow trapping effect by changing the structural parameters, which means that the structure and mechanical properties are always fixed. Realizing the actively tunable working frequency range in elastic topological systems and obtain multi-dimensional rainbow trapping is still a challenge. In this paper, we design a topologically protected second-order thermostatic phononic crystal (PC) plate by using ferroelectric ceramic materials. By adjusting the rotation angle of the T-shaped scatterer, we can realize the multi-dimensional topological phase transition between the bulk and edge bands of elastic wave. Then, a “trivial-nontrivial-trivial” (TNT) heterostructure is constructed to obtain the coupled topological edge states of elastic wave, and the influence of intermediate coupling layer number on the edge states is investigated, which exhibits a multi-mode interference effect. Furthermore, the tunable topological edge states and corner states of elastic wave are obtained based on the temperature control of the ferroelectric materials. In addition, by employing the active tunability of the coupled edge states and corner states, the multi-dimensional topological rainbow trapping of elastic wave in ferroelectric PC plates is demonstrated. The edge and corner states of different frequencies are well separated and captured in different spatial positions, and the working frequency range of the PC plate can be easily tuned by controlling the temperature. Our results further promote the practical integration application of tunable and multi-dimensional elastic wave devices.
Manipulation of elastic waves to achieve rainbow trapping effect has attracted wide attention. However, most of the current researches achieve rainbow trapping effect by changing the structural parameters, which means that the structure and mechanical properties are always fixed. Realizing the actively tunable working frequency range in elastic topological systems and obtain multi-dimensional rainbow trapping is still a challenge. In this paper, we design a topologically protected second-order thermostatic phononic crystal (PC) plate by using ferroelectric ceramic materials. By adjusting the rotation angle of the T-shaped scatterer, we can realize the multi-dimensional topological phase transition between the bulk and edge bands of elastic wave. Then, a “trivial-nontrivial-trivial” (TNT) heterostructure is constructed to obtain the coupled topological edge states of elastic wave, and the influence of intermediate coupling layer number on the edge states is investigated, which exhibits a multi-mode interference effect. Furthermore, the tunable topological edge states and corner states of elastic wave are obtained based on the temperature control of the ferroelectric materials. In addition, by employing the active tunability of the coupled edge states and corner states, the multi-dimensional topological rainbow trapping of elastic wave in ferroelectric PC plates is demonstrated. The edge and corner states of different frequencies are well separated and captured in different spatial positions, and the working frequency range of the PC plate can be easily tuned by controlling the temperature. Our results further promote the practical integration application of tunable and multi-dimensional elastic wave devices.
作者：
Xinshun Wang;Yinghua Lin*;Jinhai Lin;Longsheng Peng;Xinlin Wang
期刊：
International Journal of Thermal Sciences,2026年220:110279 ISSN：1290-0729
通讯作者：
Yinghua Lin
作者机构：
[Xinshun Wang; Yinghua Lin; Jinhai Lin] School of Mechanical Engineering, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, PR China;Key Laboratory of Ultra-Fast Micro and Nano Technology and Laser Advanced Manufacturing of Hunan Province, Hengyang, 421001, PR China;Hunan Lifang Roll Co., Ltd, Hengyang, 421681, PR China;Hunan Engineering and Technology Research Center for Advanced Manufacturing of Highly Wear-resistant Alloy Materials, Hengyang, 421681, PR China;[Longsheng Peng] Hunan Lifang Roll Co., Ltd, Hengyang, 421681, PR China<&wdkj&>Hunan Engineering and Technology Research Center for Advanced Manufacturing of Highly Wear-resistant Alloy Materials, Hengyang, 421681, PR China
通讯机构：
[Yinghua Lin] S;School of Mechanical Engineering, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, PR China
摘要：
The figure-8 oscillating laser can improve the quality of cladding and has great value for industrial applications, but its molten pool heat transfer and flow behavior are poorly known and seldom reported. For this reason, an in-depth understanding of the heat flow characteristics of the molten pool in this special laser mode is of great significance to the molding law of microstructure as well as the regulation work. In this work, a finite element model of laser cladding with multi-physical fields is established to investigate the effects and laws of different oscillation frequencies and amplitudes on the size of the cladding layer, heat transfer, and the fluid flow. The reliability of the numerical model is verified through experiments. The results show that the introduction of the figure-8 oscillation mode expands the range of the effective heat source, and the depth-to-width ratio of the molten pool is decreased. The temperature distribution is more uniform, and the nodal temperature values show periodic fluctuations consistent with the frequency. The complex laser overlap path periodically generates vortices that interfere with the Marangoni effect, and the flow of the molten pool becomes more complex. The microstructure of the cladding layer is refined due to sufficient mixing of the molten material, and the hardness is more uniform along the depth direction. This work provides insights and guidance for understanding the characteristics of the figure-8 oscillating laser cladding process and controlling metallurgical defects.
The figure-8 oscillating laser can improve the quality of cladding and has great value for industrial applications, but its molten pool heat transfer and flow behavior are poorly known and seldom reported. For this reason, an in-depth understanding of the heat flow characteristics of the molten pool in this special laser mode is of great significance to the molding law of microstructure as well as the regulation work. In this work, a finite element model of laser cladding with multi-physical fields is established to investigate the effects and laws of different oscillation frequencies and amplitudes on the size of the cladding layer, heat transfer, and the fluid flow. The reliability of the numerical model is verified through experiments. The results show that the introduction of the figure-8 oscillation mode expands the range of the effective heat source, and the depth-to-width ratio of the molten pool is decreased. The temperature distribution is more uniform, and the nodal temperature values show periodic fluctuations consistent with the frequency. The complex laser overlap path periodically generates vortices that interfere with the Marangoni effect, and the flow of the molten pool becomes more complex. The microstructure of the cladding layer is refined due to sufficient mixing of the molten material, and the hardness is more uniform along the depth direction. This work provides insights and guidance for understanding the characteristics of the figure-8 oscillating laser cladding process and controlling metallurgical defects.
作者机构：
[Linghan Lan; Yaxing Zhu; Juchao Liang; Ping Zhang] School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin 541004, PR China;College of Electrical, Energy and Power Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, PR China;Institute of Technology for Carbon Neutralization, Yangzhou University, 225009 Yangzhou, Jiangsu, PR China;[Yanan Zou] College of Mechanical Engineering, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, PR China;[Zhuo Li] Institute for Energy Research, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China
通讯机构：
[Shaolong Wang] C;[Ping Zhang] S;School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin 541004, PR China<&wdkj&>College of Electrical, Energy and Power Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, PR China<&wdkj&>Institute of Technology for Carbon Neutralization, Yangzhou University, 225009 Yangzhou, Jiangsu, PR China
摘要：
Hydrogen evolution electrode is affected by mass transfer gradually when increasing the current density, leading to a degradation of catalytic performance and stability. To address these issues, a 3D self-supporting electrode with inverted conical pore array structure was prepared by one-step electrodeposition. 3D porous structure of nickel foam substrate increased the specific surface area and enhanced gas and liquid transfer. The inverted conical pore formed by the dynamic behavior of H 2 bubbles in the electrodeposition process generated an outward resultant force, accelerating bubble exclusion from the electrode. Further, using nonprecious metal catalyst and self-supporting structure without polymer binders reduced the cost and improved the conductivity and durability. The results showed that the optimal electrode delivered low overpotentials (22 mV and 110 mV at 10 mA cm −2 and 100 mA cm −2 ), satisfied stability, and durability. This work provides a step stone for solving mass transfer problems and promotes the application of relevant electrodes.
Hydrogen evolution electrode is affected by mass transfer gradually when increasing the current density, leading to a degradation of catalytic performance and stability. To address these issues, a 3D self-supporting electrode with inverted conical pore array structure was prepared by one-step electrodeposition. 3D porous structure of nickel foam substrate increased the specific surface area and enhanced gas and liquid transfer. The inverted conical pore formed by the dynamic behavior of H 2 bubbles in the electrodeposition process generated an outward resultant force, accelerating bubble exclusion from the electrode. Further, using nonprecious metal catalyst and self-supporting structure without polymer binders reduced the cost and improved the conductivity and durability. The results showed that the optimal electrode delivered low overpotentials (22 mV and 110 mV at 10 mA cm −2 and 100 mA cm −2 ), satisfied stability, and durability. This work provides a step stone for solving mass transfer problems and promotes the application of relevant electrodes.
期刊：
Mathematics and Computers in Simulation,2026年240:877-888 ISSN：0378-4754
通讯作者：
Yunqiao Dong
作者机构：
[Yunqiao Dong; Zhengxu Tan; Biwen Li; Hengbo Sun] School of Mechanical Engineering, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China
通讯机构：
[Yunqiao Dong] S;School of Mechanical Engineering, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China
摘要：
In this paper, an ( α , β , γ ) distance transformation is introduced for direct computation of 3D domain integrals, which is essential when employing the time-dependent boundary element method for the transient heat conduction problems. The gradual reduction of the time step to zero in the time-dependent integral kernel may result in near-singularity. In this situation, the direct application of Gaussian quadrature is ineffective for accurately calculating the domain integrals. To address this issue, a novel distance transformation incorporating the ( α , β , γ ) coordinate transformation is presented. The ( α , β , γ ) coordinate transformation is initially employed to enhance the smoothness of the integral kernels. Subsequently, a novel distance transformation is developed, in which the time step replaces the shortest distance in the traditional distance transformation, further smoothing the integral kernels. Consequently, the near-singularity in the integrand is eliminated by the Jacobian generated through the new transformation, thereby achieving higher calculation accuracy, even with very the small time step. Numerical examples under various situations are presented, illustrating the advantages of the new method in comparison to other existing methods.
In this paper, an ( α , β , γ ) distance transformation is introduced for direct computation of 3D domain integrals, which is essential when employing the time-dependent boundary element method for the transient heat conduction problems. The gradual reduction of the time step to zero in the time-dependent integral kernel may result in near-singularity. In this situation, the direct application of Gaussian quadrature is ineffective for accurately calculating the domain integrals. To address this issue, a novel distance transformation incorporating the ( α , β , γ ) coordinate transformation is presented. The ( α , β , γ ) coordinate transformation is initially employed to enhance the smoothness of the integral kernels. Subsequently, a novel distance transformation is developed, in which the time step replaces the shortest distance in the traditional distance transformation, further smoothing the integral kernels. Consequently, the near-singularity in the integrand is eliminated by the Jacobian generated through the new transformation, thereby achieving higher calculation accuracy, even with very the small time step. Numerical examples under various situations are presented, illustrating the advantages of the new method in comparison to other existing methods.
作者机构：
[Jiaqi Wu; Jian Guo] School of Mechanical Engineering, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China;[Zhuan Li] Powder Metallurgy Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
通讯机构：
[Jiaqi Wu] S;School of Mechanical Engineering, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China
摘要：
The reinforcement mechanism of modified sepiolite (Sepiolite-MgSiO 3 -CaCO 3 ) in copper-based composites under dual-path loading conditions was investigated. Results demonstrate that the composite exhibits optimal comprehensive performance at 20 % sepiolite content, with relatively moderate degradation in mechanical and thermal properties. In sliding friction tests, each 10 % increase in sepiolite content raises the friction coefficient by 4.1 %, 2.9 %, and 5.7 %, respectively, while also accelerating wear, as evidenced by expanded wear tracks and a transition in debris morphology from flocculent to laminated structures. Braking tests reveal that increasing the speed from 1500 to 6000 rpm at intervals of 1500 rpm, the fluctuation ranges of the average friction coefficient are 12 %, 6 %, and −16 %, respectively, with the friction stability coefficient following a similar trend, though the wear rate remains consistently low. The three components in modified sepiolite demonstrate synergistic anti-wear mechanisms: sepiolite forms a film-like structure through fragmentation, smoothing, and aggregation, while MgSiO 3 and CaCO 3 enhance wear resistance by plowing effects, collectively promoting a transition in the dominant wear mechanism from abrasive to adhesive wear.
The reinforcement mechanism of modified sepiolite (Sepiolite-MgSiO 3 -CaCO 3 ) in copper-based composites under dual-path loading conditions was investigated. Results demonstrate that the composite exhibits optimal comprehensive performance at 20 % sepiolite content, with relatively moderate degradation in mechanical and thermal properties. In sliding friction tests, each 10 % increase in sepiolite content raises the friction coefficient by 4.1 %, 2.9 %, and 5.7 %, respectively, while also accelerating wear, as evidenced by expanded wear tracks and a transition in debris morphology from flocculent to laminated structures. Braking tests reveal that increasing the speed from 1500 to 6000 rpm at intervals of 1500 rpm, the fluctuation ranges of the average friction coefficient are 12 %, 6 %, and −16 %, respectively, with the friction stability coefficient following a similar trend, though the wear rate remains consistently low. The three components in modified sepiolite demonstrate synergistic anti-wear mechanisms: sepiolite forms a film-like structure through fragmentation, smoothing, and aggregation, while MgSiO 3 and CaCO 3 enhance wear resistance by plowing effects, collectively promoting a transition in the dominant wear mechanism from abrasive to adhesive wear.
摘要：
Single-phase concentrated solid-solution alloys have garnered widespread attention due to their remarkable irradiation resistance properties. In this study, the molecular dynamics method was employed to investigate the collision cascade process in Ni-Fe alloys. The generation and evolution of point defects under uniaxial strain were systematically analyzed for alloys with varying Fe concentrations. It was observed that the peak number of point defects increased under tensile strain but decreased under compressive strain as the uniaxial strain magnitude rose. However, the uniaxial strain exhibited only a minor influence on the surviving number of defects. The calculated formation energies revealed that Fe vacancies possessed higher formation energies compared to Ni vacancies. Consequently, an increase in Fe concentration led to greater participation of Fe atoms in collision cascades, resulting in fewer point defects during the thermal peak stage. Owing to the elevated defect formation energies of Fe relative to Ni, the proportions of Fe vacancies and interstitials in the total point defects were consistently lower than the Fe atomic concentration. These findings indicate that higher Fe concentrations impede the formation of point defects. (c) 2025 Author(s). All article content, except where otherwise noted, is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license(https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
摘要：
With the rapid development of flexible wearable electronic products, their application fields and demands are increasing, posing new challenges to flexible conductive materials. This paper selected flexible polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) as the substrate. In order to enhance the adhesion between the substrate and the metal coating, dopamine and silanization were used to co-modify its surface. A conductive layer of metallic copper is deposited on its surface using an inexpensive, easy-to-use electroless plating technique. By optimizing the process conditions, it is found that a uniform copper layer of about 0.6 μm can be formed on the surface of the substrate by electroless plating at a constant temperature of 45°C for 30 min with a conductivity of 5556 S/cm. The relative resistance changes under different deformation conditions, and the I-V curve of the LED circuit is not very different. Therefore, this paper prepared a flexible conductor with excellent electrical conductivity, high coating adhesion, and good electrical stability under large-scale deformation.
With the rapid development of flexible wearable electronic products, their application fields and demands are increasing, posing new challenges to flexible conductive materials. This paper selected flexible polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) as the substrate. In order to enhance the adhesion between the substrate and the metal coating, dopamine and silanization were used to co-modify its surface. A conductive layer of metallic copper is deposited on its surface using an inexpensive, easy-to-use electroless plating technique. By optimizing the process conditions, it is found that a uniform copper layer of about 0.6 μm can be formed on the surface of the substrate by electroless plating at a constant temperature of 45°C for 30 min with a conductivity of 5556 S/cm. The relative resistance changes under different deformation conditions, and the I-V curve of the LED circuit is not very different. Therefore, this paper prepared a flexible conductor with excellent electrical conductivity, high coating adhesion, and good electrical stability under large-scale deformation.
期刊：
Particulate Science and Technology,2025年43(4):637-650 ISSN：0272-6351
通讯作者：
Deng, R
作者机构：
[Deng, Rong; Luo, Yufeng; Deng, R] Univ South China, Sch Mech Engn, Hengyang 421000, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Li, Sizhong] Hunan Hergelix intelligent Technol Co LTD, Shachang, Hunan, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Deng, R ] U;Univ South China, Sch Mech Engn, Hengyang 421000, Hunan, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Fresh concrete;DEM;B m;shape and content of coarse aggregate;specific surface area
摘要：
In this paper, the effect of the coarse aggregate (CA) shape and content on the flow performance index of fresh concrete in the L-box test (B m ) was investigated based on Discrete Element Method (DEM). The Hertz-Mindlin-JKR (Johnson-Kendall-Roberts) contact model was used to characterize the constitutive relationships of fresh concrete. The parameters of contact model were calibrated by the experiment and simulation of the slump test, L-box flow test and V-funnel test. The shape of CA was quantitatively characterized, and a functional relationship between the specific surface area of concrete (S C ) and surface energy was established. The effect of CA shape and content on B m was studied numerically. The simulated results of single-shape CA concrete in L-box test show that the shape of CA affects the resultant force and flow velocity of the tracked concrete in the x direction, thus affecting the B m . The smaller the sphericity index of CA, the larger the specific surface area and the smaller the B m . The results of orthogonal tests show that the CA content of different shape in concrete affects B m with different degree. The larger the specific surface area of coarse aggregate (S CA ), the greater the negative effect on B m . A linear relationship between S C and B m was established. An equation for predicting B m based on shapes and contents of CA was presented. It shows that the more complex the shape of CA and the higher its content, the smaller the B m .
摘要：
Due to their high water content, stimulus responsiveness, and biocompatibility, hydrogels, which are functional materials with a three-dimensional network structure, are widely applied in fields such as biomedicine, environmental monitoring, and flexible electronics. This paper provides a systematic review of hydrogel characterization methods and their applications, focusing on primary evaluation techniques for physical properties (e.g., mechanical strength, swelling behavior, and pore structure), chemical properties (e.g., composition, crosslink density, and degradation behavior), biocompatibility, and functional properties (e.g., drug release, environmental stimulus response, and conductivity). It analyzes the challenges currently faced by characterization methods, such as a lack of standardization, difficulties in dynamic monitoring, an insufficient micro-macro correlation, and poor adaptability to complex environments. It proposes solutions, such as a hierarchical standardization system, in situ imaging technology, cross-scale characterization, and biomimetic testing platforms. Looking ahead, hydrogel characterization techniques will evolve toward intelligent, real-time, multimodal coupling and standardized approaches. These techniques will provide superior technical support for precision medicine, environmental restoration, and flexible electronics. They will also offer systematic methodological guidance for the performance optimization and practical application of hydrogel materials.
Due to their high water content, stimulus responsiveness, and biocompatibility, hydrogels, which are functional materials with a three-dimensional network structure, are widely applied in fields such as biomedicine, environmental monitoring, and flexible electronics. This paper provides a systematic review of hydrogel characterization methods and their applications, focusing on primary evaluation techniques for physical properties (e.g., mechanical strength, swelling behavior, and pore structure), chemical properties (e.g., composition, crosslink density, and degradation behavior), biocompatibility, and functional properties (e.g., drug release, environmental stimulus response, and conductivity). It analyzes the challenges currently faced by characterization methods, such as a lack of standardization, difficulties in dynamic monitoring, an insufficient micro-macro correlation, and poor adaptability to complex environments. It proposes solutions, such as a hierarchical standardization system, in situ imaging technology, cross-scale characterization, and biomimetic testing platforms. Looking ahead, hydrogel characterization techniques will evolve toward intelligent, real-time, multimodal coupling and standardized approaches. These techniques will provide superior technical support for precision medicine, environmental restoration, and flexible electronics. They will also offer systematic methodological guidance for the performance optimization and practical application of hydrogel materials.
摘要：
Specifically exposed planes could play a crucial role in the chemical activity of nanomaterials. The morphology and structure of nano-structured WO3 particles with {020} exposure planes were successfully controlled via hydrothermal synthesis technology by adjusting the synthesis temperature and time. Additionally, the gas-sensing properties of sensors fabricated using these WO3 particles were investigated to detect different volatile gases. All the samples were found to be sensitive to alcohol gas, and the WO3 nanoparticles synthesized at 150 °C for 12 h exhibited excellent gas-sensing properties, which shows that these WO3 nanoparticles can act as an efficient gas-sensing material for the one-site selective detection of ethanol.
Specifically exposed planes could play a crucial role in the chemical activity of nanomaterials. The morphology and structure of nano-structured WO3 particles with {020} exposure planes were successfully controlled via hydrothermal synthesis technology by adjusting the synthesis temperature and time. Additionally, the gas-sensing properties of sensors fabricated using these WO3 particles were investigated to detect different volatile gases. All the samples were found to be sensitive to alcohol gas, and the WO3 nanoparticles synthesized at 150 °C for 12 h exhibited excellent gas-sensing properties, which shows that these WO3 nanoparticles can act as an efficient gas-sensing material for the one-site selective detection of ethanol.
期刊：
Virtual and Physical Prototyping,2025年20(1) ISSN：1745-2759
通讯作者：
Pan, CL
作者机构：
[Pan, Cunliang; Zhu, Hongmei; Wang, Bowen; Pan, CL] Univ South China, Sch Mech Engn, Hengyang 421001, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Pan, Cunliang; Li, Xiaoqiang; Pan, CL] South China Univ Technol, Guangdong Prov Key Lab Proc & Forming Adv Met Mat, Guangzhou 510640, Peoples R China.;[Jin, Zhengyi; Hufenbach, Julia K.; Kosiba, Konrad] Leibniz Inst Solid State & Mat Res Dresden, Inst Mat Chem, Dresden, Germany.;[Lu, Chao] Guangdong Ocean Univ, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, Yangjiang, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Pan, CL ] U;Univ South China, Sch Mech Engn, Hengyang 421001, Hunan, Peoples R China.;South China Univ Technol, Guangdong Prov Key Lab Proc & Forming Adv Met Mat, Guangzhou 510640, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Additive manufacturing;laser powder bed fusion;CoCrNi MEAs;grain boundary segregation;corrosion
摘要：
The unique solidification behaviour in metal additive manufacturing (AM), can lead to hot cracking, significantly compromising the mechanical properties of the alloys. In this study, grain boundary segregation engineering was employed, using boron (B) as a segregant, to investigate the effects of varying B concentrations on the microstructure and properties of CoCrNi medium-entropy alloys (MEAs). It was demonstrated that B gradually segregated along the grain boundaries, which improved the grain coalescence, intensified the attraction of the columnar grains, and increased the consumption of the liquid film. Furthermore, this segregation behaviour promoted the formation of the Cr2B nanoprecipitates along the grain boundaries. These precipitates reduced grain boundary mobility, hindered grain growth along the temperature gradient, and contributed to grain structure refinement. When the B content is 0.8 at. %, CoCrNi MEAs achieved a trade-off between ductility and strength, with a tensile strength of approximately 1159 MPa, a yield strength of approximately 800 MPa, and an elongation of approximately 31.4%. it also showed excellent corrosion resistance compared to commercial 316L stainless steel. These results underscore grain boundary segregation as an effective strategy for suppressing hot crack formation, thereby broadening the applicability of AM-fabricated components in industrial applications.
摘要：
With the rapid development of flexible and wearable electronic devices, the demand for flexible power sources with high energy density and long service life is imminent. Zinc-air batteries have long been regarded as an important development direction in the future due to their high safety, environmental efficiency, abundant reserves and low cost. However, problems such as zinc dendrite growth, corrosion, by-product generation, hydrogen evolution and leakage, and evaporation of electrolyte affect the commercialization of zinc-air batteries. In addition, currently widely used aqueous electrolytes lead to larger batteries, which is not conducive to the development of emerging smart devices. The characteristics of the hydrogel electrolyte can solve the above problems. In order to promote the wider application of gel electrolyte-based zinc batteries, this paper reviews the recently reported polymer electrolytes in flexible zinc-air batteries (FZABs), reviews the working mechanism of ZABs, and enumerates the general assembly structure of FZABs. The types and characteristics of hydrogel electrolytes with excellent performance at present, as well as the corresponding performance of FZABs, are summarized. In addition, the challenges in the application of gel electrolytes and gel-based FZABs are discussed, and the future research and development prospects of next-generation high-performance solid-state ZABs are prospected.
With the rapid development of flexible and wearable electronic devices, the demand for flexible power sources with high energy density and long service life is imminent. Zinc-air batteries have long been regarded as an important development direction in the future due to their high safety, environmental efficiency, abundant reserves and low cost. However, problems such as zinc dendrite growth, corrosion, by-product generation, hydrogen evolution and leakage, and evaporation of electrolyte affect the commercialization of zinc-air batteries. In addition, currently widely used aqueous electrolytes lead to larger batteries, which is not conducive to the development of emerging smart devices. The characteristics of the hydrogel electrolyte can solve the above problems. In order to promote the wider application of gel electrolyte-based zinc batteries, this paper reviews the recently reported polymer electrolytes in flexible zinc-air batteries (FZABs), reviews the working mechanism of ZABs, and enumerates the general assembly structure of FZABs. The types and characteristics of hydrogel electrolytes with excellent performance at present, as well as the corresponding performance of FZABs, are summarized. In addition, the challenges in the application of gel electrolytes and gel-based FZABs are discussed, and the future research and development prospects of next-generation high-performance solid-state ZABs are prospected.
摘要：
采用光纤激光器在近距离与远距离的情况下切割不同厚度的碳钢板，研究光纤激光器是否适用于切割碳钢板。通过实验结果可知，选择合适的切割速度有利于提高碳钢板切缝表面质量，减少根部挂渣，同时光纤激光器对于厚度在30 mm范围以内的碳钢板可以实现近距离精细切割工艺，厚度在50 mm范围以内的碳钢板可以实现远距离粗加工工艺，从而满足工业方面不同的切割需求。 您的浏览器不支持 audio 元素。 AI语音播报 Fiber laser is used to cut carbon steel plate with different thickness at short distance and long distance to study whether fiber laser is suitable for cutting carbon steel plate. Experimental results indicate that selecting an appropriate cutting speed significantly enhances the slit surface quality of carbon steel plates. The fiber laser demonstrated the capability for fine cutting of carbon steel plates up to 30 mm thick at short distances and rough machining of plates up to 50 mm thick at long distances. These findings highlight the potential of fiber lasers to meet diverse industrial cutting requirements.
摘要：
Laser cladding rapid solidification technique is an effective strategy for manufacturing ultra-high-strength martensitic stainless steels (UHS-MSS). Due to super-saturation solution strengthening of interstitial atoms (IAs), martensitic stainless steels containing IAs exhibit excellent ultra-high strength and toughness and have high tolerance for oxygen impurities. Hence, studying the specific speciation and structural characteristics of IAs is of great significance for guiding laser cladding of ultra-high-strength steels. Herein, we use density functional theory (DFT) computations to analyze the stable occupancies of IAs and their interactions in body-centered cubic iron (BCC Fe). The findings show that single IAs prefer to occupy octahedral sites over tetrahedral sites. Therefore, octahedral sites are selected as the optimal sites for the following double IAs study. For homo IAs, C-C and N-N configurations exhibit greater stability at long-range distances, whereas O-O demonstrate optimal stability at intermediate distances. Crucially, hetero IAs configurations are more stable compared to single IAs and homo IAs, exhibiting a synergistic effect. Especially, the C-O combination shows the highest stability and strongest bonding character. Meanwhile, the dissociation behavior of O indicates that C-O and N-O have higher dissociation temperatures than single O, further verifying the synergistic effect of hetero IAs. This provides a theoretical basis for understanding the interstitial solution strengthening of laser cladding UHS-MSS.
摘要：
Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) is a vital technology for ship detection due to its ability to capture high-resolution remote sensing images. However, traditional detection methods often suffer from false alarms and missed detections. Additionally, many current approaches prioritize detection accuracy while overlooking model size. To address these challenges, this paper proposes BESW-YOLO, a lightweight multi-scale ship detection model built upon the YOLOv8n architecture. Firstly, we introduce a novel lightweight feature pyramid network, Bidirectional and Multi-scale Attention Feature Pyramid Network (BiMAFPN), which effectively enhances the fusion of features across different scales. Secondly, Efficient Multi-Scale Convolution (EMSC) is introduced, which is combined with the C2f module in the YOLO model to form a new module, EMSC-C2f. This combination reduces the model parameters while improving feature extraction capabilities. Thirdly, to further optimize the model's multi-scale detection performance, we introduce a simple and efficient attention mechanism (SimAM), which enables adaptive weighting to emphasize target regions. Finally, the inner wise intersection over union loss function (Inner-WIoU) is introduced, which accelerates the model's convergence speed and enhances its generalization capability. The proposed BESW-YOLO model was evaluated using the SSDD, HRSID and SAR Ship dataset. Experimental results show that BESW-YOLO model achieves Average Precision (AP) values of 97.3%, 90.0% and 90.3% on the SSDD, HRSID and SAR Ship dataset, respectively, with only 1.7 M model parameters. It outperforms the baseline YOLOv8n in terms of both accuracy and model size. Compared to other mainstream models, BESW-YOLO delivers superior detection performance with significantly fewer parameters. These results confirm that BESW-YOLO is a lightweight and efficient detection model.
期刊：
Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance,2025年34(6):5416-5428 ISSN：1059-9495
通讯作者：
Wang, Liqiang;Fan, XF
作者机构：
[Fan, Xiangfang; Wang, Liqiang] Univ South China, Coll Mech Engn, Hengyang 421100, Peoples R China.;[Zhao, Jianming] Hengyang Valin Steel Tube Co, Hengyang 421000, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Fan, XF ; Wang, LQ] U;Univ South China, Coll Mech Engn, Hengyang 421100, Peoples R China.
关键词：
energy density;H13 steel;hardness;high-temperature wear resistance;laser remelting;laser transformation hardening
摘要：
This paper presents the results of a study on the laser remelting and laser transformation hardening of mandrel H13 steel (quenched and tempered) for a tube rolling mill. The surface of the specimens was irradiated with a continuous high-power fibre laser (RFL-C3300) with a spot size of 12 mm × 2 mm. A comparison of the morphological organisation, microhardness and high-temperature wear resistance of the laser-remelted and laser-phase-change-hardened specimens was carried out to investigate the effect of laser process parameters on the organisation and properties of H13 steel. The results show that the laser-remelted specimens had a better hardening effect and wear resistance at the same power. The solidification organisation of the laser-remelted specimens was mainly in the form of fine equiaxed cells and columnar cells, and the martensite in the phase-change-hardened zone was fine and dense. The microhardness of the surface of the laser-remelted specimens was up to 794.0 HV0.2, which is about 2.6 times higher than that of the substrate. The coefficient of friction and the amount of wear were as low as 0.39 and 0.1221 mm3, respectively, and the wear mechanism was mainly abrasive wear.
关键词：
Uranium reduction;Cobalt oxides;Oxygen vacancies;Recovery of uranium;Radioactive wastewater
摘要：
As the primary uranium species in aquatic systems, uranyl ions (UO 2 2+ ) readily form stable coordination complexes with organic contaminants, severely compromising the recovery and utilization of uranium. To address this challenge, we developed a novel photoelectrochemical (PEC) system featuring oxygen-vacancy-enriched cobalt oxide-modified carbon felt (OvCoO x /CF) as a functional cathode. In this PEC system, the photoanode is photoexcited to generate holes (h + ) and hydroxyl radicals (•OH) efficiently decomposing organic substances, thereby releasing uranium from complexes. Concurrently, photogenerated electrons migrate through the external circuit to the OvCoO x /CF cathode, where they reduce and fix the released UO 2 2+ into stable uranium compounds while simultaneously generating electrical output. This synergistic mechanism enables the system to achieve remarkable enhancements in contaminant removal efficiency, with substantial increases in rate constants ( k ) for both uranium reduction and organic degradation. The exceptional uranium extraction performance is primarily attributed to abundant active sites, the lower adsorption energy of UO 2 2+ , and the rapid electron transfer channel introduced by the incorporation of Ov. Notably, the PEC system maintains high efficiency across diverse conditions, including pH fluctuations, high salinity and various organic contaminant species and concentrations. Furthermore, its operational robustness extends to challenging environments such as polluted seawater and natural sunlight exposure. This work establishes a sustainable paradigm for radioactive wastewater remediation, integrating efficient uranium extraction with organic pollutant elimination and in situ electricity generation, offering a transformative solution for nuclear resource recovery and environmental protection.
As the primary uranium species in aquatic systems, uranyl ions (UO 2 2+ ) readily form stable coordination complexes with organic contaminants, severely compromising the recovery and utilization of uranium. To address this challenge, we developed a novel photoelectrochemical (PEC) system featuring oxygen-vacancy-enriched cobalt oxide-modified carbon felt (OvCoO x /CF) as a functional cathode. In this PEC system, the photoanode is photoexcited to generate holes (h + ) and hydroxyl radicals (•OH) efficiently decomposing organic substances, thereby releasing uranium from complexes. Concurrently, photogenerated electrons migrate through the external circuit to the OvCoO x /CF cathode, where they reduce and fix the released UO 2 2+ into stable uranium compounds while simultaneously generating electrical output. This synergistic mechanism enables the system to achieve remarkable enhancements in contaminant removal efficiency, with substantial increases in rate constants ( k ) for both uranium reduction and organic degradation. The exceptional uranium extraction performance is primarily attributed to abundant active sites, the lower adsorption energy of UO 2 2+ , and the rapid electron transfer channel introduced by the incorporation of Ov. Notably, the PEC system maintains high efficiency across diverse conditions, including pH fluctuations, high salinity and various organic contaminant species and concentrations. Furthermore, its operational robustness extends to challenging environments such as polluted seawater and natural sunlight exposure. This work establishes a sustainable paradigm for radioactive wastewater remediation, integrating efficient uranium extraction with organic pollutant elimination and in situ electricity generation, offering a transformative solution for nuclear resource recovery and environmental protection.
摘要：
The significance of biomedical applications of friction stir processing (FSP) is best emphasized by their prospect utilization in improving the biomedical properties of metallic implants for orthopedic applications. FSP facilitates the stable incorporation of functional elements into implant materials for tailored modification of performance, preserves the advantageous properties of the matrix while mitigates inherent weaknesses, and provides a customized solution to multifaceted challenges that affects the long-term functionality of implants. This remarkable advantage in reinforcing properties gives FSP the ability to improve biomedical properties in metallic implants for orthopedic applications. This review (i) provides an overview of the current status and issues of metallic implants for orthopedic applications, with a special attention to the potential of FSP to address the performance decay commonly encountered by implant materials. (ii) details the principles for the development of FSP process parameters to the performation modification of implant materials, (iii) introduces the customized design of implant materials by FSP (including magnesium alloys, titanium alloys and other alloys, as well as their physico-mechanical properties and implant application), and (iv) highlights the influence of FSP on the biological functionality of implant materials. Also explored are the main challenges and perspectives in developing FSMed metallic implants for orthopedic applications.
The significance of biomedical applications of friction stir processing (FSP) is best emphasized by their prospect utilization in improving the biomedical properties of metallic implants for orthopedic applications. FSP facilitates the stable incorporation of functional elements into implant materials for tailored modification of performance, preserves the advantageous properties of the matrix while mitigates inherent weaknesses, and provides a customized solution to multifaceted challenges that affects the long-term functionality of implants. This remarkable advantage in reinforcing properties gives FSP the ability to improve biomedical properties in metallic implants for orthopedic applications. This review (i) provides an overview of the current status and issues of metallic implants for orthopedic applications, with a special attention to the potential of FSP to address the performance decay commonly encountered by implant materials. (ii) details the principles for the development of FSP process parameters to the performation modification of implant materials, (iii) introduces the customized design of implant materials by FSP (including magnesium alloys, titanium alloys and other alloys, as well as their physico-mechanical properties and implant application), and (iv) highlights the influence of FSP on the biological functionality of implant materials. Also explored are the main challenges and perspectives in developing FSMed metallic implants for orthopedic applications.
