期刊：
International Journal of Materials Research,2022年94(9):1006-1011 ISSN：1862-5282
通讯作者：
Rao, KP
作者机构：
[Rao, K. P.; Li, L. X.] City Univ Hong Kong, Dept Mfg Engn & Engn Management, Kowloon, Tat Chee Ave, Hong Kong, Peoples R China.;[Peng, D. S.; Li, L. X.] Cent South Univ Technol, Coll Mat Sci & Engn, Changsha, Peoples R China.;[Lou, Y.] Nanhua Univ, Coll Mech Engn, Hengyang, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Rao, KP ] C;City Univ Hong Kong, Dept Mfg Engn & Engn Management, Kowloon, Tat Chee Ave, Hong Kong, Peoples R China.
摘要：
The flow behavior and hot deformation mechanisms of Ti-6Al-4Vin both beta and (alpha + beta) phase regions have been studied by compression tests in the temperature range 750 - 1100 degrees C and strain rate range 0.05 -15 s (-1). The flow curves displayed discontinuous yielding at temperatures above 850 degrees C and high strain rates, typically 5 and 15 s(-1). Flow oscillations were also observed under such conditions. The relative discontinuous flow stress drop increased with increasing temperature in the (alpha + beta) phase region and reached a steady state in the beta phase region. The discontinuous yielding is attributed to the sudden increase in the mobile dislocation density occurring due to the activation of beta grain boundary sources during hot deformation. The apparent activation energy estimated using the standard kinetic analysis is about 246 kJ/mol in the beta region and 621 kJ/ mol in the (alpha + beta) region while the strain rate sensitivity values are 0.34 and 0.18, respectively. The mechanism in the beta region has been suggested to involve grain boundary sliding and dynamic recovery of the beta phase while in the (alpha + beta) region a transient mechanism, involving dynamic recovery followed by post deformation recrystallization, has been proposed.
期刊：
Journal of Manufacturing Processes,2022年81:236-249 ISSN：1526-6125
通讯作者：
Xingwang Bai
作者机构：
[Yu, Xueqi; Shi, Xiqiao; Bai, Xingwang] Univ South China, Sch Mech Engn, Hengyang 421001, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Yu, Xueqi; Shi, Xiqiao] Univ South China, Hunan Collaborat Innovat Ctr Nucl Fuel Cycle Techn, Hengyang 421001, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Zhou, Xiangman] China Three Gorges Univ, Coll Mech & Power Engn, Yichang 443002, Hubei, Peoples R China.;[Zhang, Haiou] Huazhong Univ Sci & Technol, Sch Mech Sci & Engn, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Xingwang Bai] S;School of Mechanical Engineering, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
关键词：
Wire and arc additive manufacturing;Gravity -driven side powder feeding;Steel matrix composite components;WC;Wear resistance;Tensile performance
摘要：
Wire and Arc Additive Manufacturing (WAAM), which exhibits high deposition rate and low production cost, is a promising method for fabricating large-sized composite components. In this work, the WAAM process is applied to fabricate steel matrix composite components by introducing WC/Fe powder into the molten pool through gravity-driven side powder feeding. The effects of WC powder fraction on the microstructure, mechanical properties and wear resistance of deposited components have been investigated. The results reveal that WC particles are completely dissolved into the matrix for the specimen with 20 wt% WC powder, resulting in a fine bainite microstructure with W element. For specimens with WC powder fraction above 20 wt%, different structures of (Fe,W)6C phase, including discontinue and continue networks, fishbone type, and flocculent particles, are formed due to intensive reaction between WC particles and the matrix. The latter two structures are more likely to appear in specimens with high WC powder fraction. The specimen with low WC powder fraction exhibits quasi-cleavage fracture during the tensile test, while brittle fracture is observed for the specimen with high WC powder fraction. Tests prove that the mechanical properties and wear resistance have been improved by the addition of WC. The maximum strength, the maximum microhardness and the minimum wear loss are obtained for the specimens with WC powder fractions of 40 wt%, 100 wt%, and 80 wt% respectively. The improved properties of deposited composite components can be attributed to the synergistic effects of solution strengthening, precipitation strengthening of (Fe,W)6C phase, second strengthening of retained WC blocks and fine-grain strengthening.
作者：
Ablikim, M.;Achasov, M. N.;Adlarson, P.;Albrecht, M.;Aliberti, R.;...
期刊：
PHYSICAL REVIEW D,2022年106(11) ISSN：2470-0010
作者机构：
[Yu, B. X.; Yu, G.; Li, Xiaoyu; Hu, T.; Ning, Z.; Zhang, P.; Wen, S. P.; Sun, G. X.; Ma, M. M.; Zhao, Ling; Chen, T.; Zhu, Z. A.; Xu, G. F.; Wang, K.; Zhou, L. P.; Heng, Y. K.; Ji, Q.; Zhang, J. W.; Rong, G.; Batozskaya, V; Guan, C. Y.; Wang, Y. F.; Wang, L. L.; Ouyang, Q.; Zhang, A. Q.; Ji, X. B.; Qian, S.; Dong, M. Y.; Zhang, Jiawei; Fang, S. S.; Chang, J. F.; Qi, E. Z.; Liu, Z. A.; Wu, J. F.; Wang, Yaqian; Sun, S. S.; Fu, C. D.; Lou, X. C.; Lin, T.; Zhang, B. X.; Xing, T. Y.; Cao, G. F.; Wu, L. H.; Zhao, Y. B.; Zheng, J. P.; Jiang, X. S.; Kiuchi, R.; Gu, M. H.; Lu, Y. P.; Dong, L. Y.; Zhang, H. Q.; Zhao, G.; Wu, L. J.; Li, L. J.; Yang, Yifan; Yuan, Y.; Lu, X. L.; Wu, Z.; Fang, Y.; Luo, X. L.; Ji, X. L.; Zhang, X. M.; Li, L. K.; Li, H. B.; Liang, H.; Huang, Y. P.; Zhang, J. Y.; Liu, Huanhuan; Chen, X. T.; Zhang, J. Z.; He, K. L.; Nisar, S.; Chen, G.; Ablikim, M.; Liu, C. X.; Chang, W. L.; Zhu, K.; Zhao, J. Z.; Yang, Tao; Xiao, S. Y.; Lu, J. G.; Liu, P. L.; Jing, M. Q.; Sun, H. K.; Chen, Y. B.; Zhang, Shuihan; Wang, Z.; Liu, Fang; Zhao, J. Y.; Dong, J.; Liu, K.; Wang, H. P.; Yuan, C. Z.; Tang, G. Y.; Yuan, S. C.; Zhang, H. Y.; Chen, M. L.; Zhang, Z. H.; Hou, G. Y.; Shen, H. F.; Shao, L. G.; Hou, Z. L.; Sun, Y. Z.; Liu, B. J.; Li, Ke; Zhu, K. J.; Liu, H. M.; Xu, C. F.; Ma, H. L.; Sun, T.; Ye, M.; Xie, Y. G.; Chen, H. S.; Cao, N.; Ma, Q. M.; Wang, Z. Y.; Cai, X.; Zhang, Y. H.; Ma, R. Q.; Zou, J. H.; Zhang, Yao; Liu, J. Y.; Li, W. G.; Wang, Y. Q.; Mo, X. H.; Fang, J.; Shen, X. Y.; Ma, X. Y.; Hu, H. M.; Gong, W. X.; Hu, Y.; Wang, B.; Zhang, B. L.; Wang, Meng; Stieler, F.; Yang, Y. X.; Zhang, Jianyu; Miao, H.; Li, F.; Lu, Z. H.; Yang, H. X.; Qin, Z. H.; Li, G.; Ping, R. G.; Qiu, J. F.; Dai, H. L.; Li, W. D.; Fang, W. X.] Inst High Energy Phys, Beijing 100049, Peoples R China.;[Yuan, L.] Beihang Univ, Beijing 100191, Peoples R China.;[Li, Lei] Beijing Inst Petrochem Technol, Beijing 102617, Peoples R China.;[Fritsch, M.; Heinsius, F. H.; Kuessner, M.; Pelizaeus, M.; Kopf, B.; Keshk, I. K.; Jager, S.; Wollenberg, L.; Albrecht, M.; Schnier, C.; de Boer, R. E.; Feldbauer, F.; Wiedner, U.; Kuemmel, M.; Li, J. Q.; Maldaner, S.] Bochum Ruhr Univ, D-44780 Bochum, Germany.;[Briere, R. A.] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA.
摘要：
The decays J/psi -> eta Sigma(+)(Sigma) over bar (-) and psi(3686) -> eta Sigma(+)(Sigma) over bar (-) are observed for the first time, using (10087 +/- 44) x 10(6) J/psi and (448.1 +/- 2.9) x 10(6) psi(3686) events collected with the BESIII detector at the BEPCII collider. We determine the branching fractions of these two decays to be B(J/psi -> eta Sigma(+)(Sigma) over bar (-)) = (6.34 +/- 0.21 +/- 0.37) x 10(-5) and B(psi(3686) -> eta Sigma(+)(Sigma) over bar (-)) = ( 9.59 +/- 2.37 +/- 0.61) x 10(-6), where the first uncertainties are statistical and the second are systematic. The ratio of these two branching fractions is determined to be B(psi(3686) -> eta Sigma(+)(Sigma) over bar (-))/B(J/psi -> eta Sigma(+)(Sigma) over bar (-)) = (15.1 +/- 3.8)%, which is in agreement with the "12% rule."
摘要：
Endothelial cells, which are important metabolic and endocrine cells, play an important role in regulating vascular function. The occurrence and development of various cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases are associated with endothelial dysfunction. However, the underlying mechanism of vascular endothelial injury is not fully understood. It has been reported that the mechanism of endothelial injury mainly involves inflammation and oxidative stress. Moreover, endothelial progenitor cells are regarded as important contributors in repairing damaged endothelium. Multiple interventions (including chemical drugs and traditional Chinese medicines) exert endothelial protection by decreasing the release of inducing factors, suppressing inflammation and oxidative stress, and preventing endothelial cell senescence.
作者机构：
[Zhou, Qiang; Yan, Renhong] Westlake Univ, Sch Life Sci, Westlake Inst Adv Study,Inst Biol, Westlake Lab Life Sci & Biomed,Key Lab Struct Bio, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, Peoples R China.;[Min, Junxia; Xie, Enjun; Wang, Fudi; Min, JX; Li, Jin] Zhejiang Univ, Sch Med, State Key Lab Expt Hematol,Affiliated Hosp 1, Inst Translat Med,Canc Ctr,Sch Publ Hlth,Affiliat, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, Peoples R China.;[Xie, Enjun; Wang, Fudi; Li, Jin] Univ South China, Hengyang Med Sch, Sch Publ Hlth, Affiliated Hosp 2,Affiliated Hosp 1,Basic Med Sci, Hengyang, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Li, Yaning] Tsinghua Univ, Sch Life Sci, Beijing Adv Innovat Ctr Struct Biol, Tsinghua Peking Joint Ctr Life Sci, Beijing, Peoples R China.;[Hu, Xueping; Hou, Tingjun] Zhejiang Univ, Coll Pharmaceut Sci, Hangzhou Inst Innovat Med, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Wang, FD ; Min, JX] Z;[Zhou, Q ] W;Westlake Univ, Sch Life Sci, Westlake Inst Adv Study,Inst Biol, Westlake Lab Life Sci & Biomed,Key Lab Struct Bio, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, Peoples R China.;Zhejiang Univ, Sch Med, State Key Lab Expt Hematol,Affiliated Hosp 1, Inst Translat Med,Canc Ctr,Sch Publ Hlth,Affiliat, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, Peoples R China.;Univ South China, Hengyang Med Sch, Sch Publ Hlth, Affiliated Hosp 2,Affiliated Hosp 1,Basic Med Sci, Hengyang, Hunan, Peoples R China.
摘要：
Dear Editor,
Ferroptosis is an iron-dependent,non-apoptotic form of regulated cell death characterized by an accumulation of lipid-derived reactive oxygen species(ROS).The small-molecule compound erastin induces ferroptosis via inhibiting the cystine-glutamate antiporter system xc-,which consists of two subunits,namely the light chain xCT and the heavy chain 4F2hc(encoded by the SLC7A11 and SLC3A2 genes,respectively).1-4 Recent studies have shown that xCT(SLC7A11)regulates ferroptosis in liver fibrosis,cardiomyopathy,and numerous other pathophysiological processes.5-8 The complex formed by xCT and 4F2hc has also been suggested as a possible therapeutic target for cancer,as it is overexpressed in a wide variety of cancer types;moreover,inhibiting xCT impairs cystine uptake,causing an accumulation of ROS and suppressing tumor growth.9,10 However,the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unknown.Here,we overexpressed and then co-purified human xCT and 4F2hc,finding that they form a stable complex(Fig.1a).To test whether this purified complex is functional,we then reconstituted the complex into liposomes and performed a counter-flow assay.We found that the wild-type(WT)xCT-4F2hc complex mediates the exchange of cystine and glutamate—measured as the uptake of 14C-labeled cystine—and this activity was significantly reduced by the system xc-inhibitors,erastin and sulfasalazine(Supplementary information,Fig.S1).
期刊：
Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology,2022年37(11):2060-2066 ISSN：0815-9319
通讯作者：
Min-hu Chen<&wdkj&>Ying-lian Xiao
作者机构：
[Chen, Min-hu; Tan, Nian-di; Xiao, Ying-lian] Sun Yat Sen Univ, Affiliated Hosp 1, Dept Gastroenterol, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, Peoples R China.;[Liu, Xiao-wei] Cent South Univ, Xiangya Hosp, Dept Gastroenterol, Changsha, Peoples R China.;[Chen, Hong-hui] Univ South China, Hosp 2, Dept Gastroenterol, Hengyang, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Liao, Ai-Jun] Univ South China, Affiliated Hosp 1, Dept Gastroenterol, Hengyang, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Liu, Cheng-xia] Binzhou Med Univ Hosp, Dept Gastroenterol, Binzhou, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Min-hu Chen; Ying-lian Xiao] D;Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China<&wdkj&>Ying-lian Xiao and Min-hu Chen are joint corresponding authors.
摘要：
Abstract Background and Aim Considering the limitation of varying acid suppression of proton pump inhibitors, this study was aimed to assess the efficacy, safety, and dose–effect relationship of keverprazan, a novel potassium‐competitive acid blocker, in the treatment of duodenal ulcer (DU) compared with lansoprazole. Methods A randomized, double‐blind, double‐dummy, multicenter, low‐dose, high‐dose, and positive‐drug parallel‐controlled study was conducted to verify the non‐inferiority of keverprazan (20 or 30 mg) to lansoprazole of 30 mg once daily for 4 to 6 weeks and dose–effect relationship of keverprazan in the treatment of patients with active DU confirmed by endoscopy. Results Of the 180 subjects randomized, including 55 cases in the keverprazan_20 mg group, 61 cases in the keverprazan_30 mg group, and 64 cases in the lansoprazole_30 mg group, 168 subjects (93.33%) completed the study. The proportions of healed DU subjects in the keverprazan_20 mg, keverprazan_30 mg, and lansoprazole_30 mg groups were respectively 87.27%, 90.16%, and 79.69% at week 4 (P = 0.4595) and were respectively 96.36%, 98.36%, and 92.19% at week 6 (P = 0.2577). The incidence of adverse events in the keverprazan_20 mg group was lower than that in the lansoprazole_30 mg (P = 0.0285) and keverprazan_30 mg groups (P = 0.0398). Conclusions Keverprazan was effective and non‐inferior to lansoprazole in healing DU. Based on the comparable efficacy and safety data, keverprazan of 20 mg once daily is recommended for the follow‐up study of acid‐related disorders. (Trial registration number: ChiCTR2100043455.)
期刊：
Physics of Fluids,2022年34(11):114108 ISSN：1070-6631
通讯作者：
Liangqi Zhang (张良奇)<&wdkj&>Zhong Zeng (曾忠)
作者机构：
[Zeng, Zhong; Wang, Yue; Xiao, Yao; Zhang, Liangqi; Liu, Yong] Chongqing Univ, Coll Aerosp Engn, Dept Engn Mech, Chongqing 400044, Peoples R China.;[Zeng, Zhong; Wang, Yue; Xiao, Yao; Zhang, Liangqi; Liu, Yong] Chongqing Univ, State Key Lab Coal Mine Disaster Dynam & Control, Chongqing, Peoples R China.;[Liu, Hao] Chongqing Jiaotong Univ, Chongqing Southwest Res Inst Water Transport Engn, Chongqing 400016, Peoples R China.;[Yin, Linmao] Univ South China, Coll Civil Engn, Hengyang 421001, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Liangqi Zhang (张良奇); Zhong Zeng (曾忠)] D;Department of Engineering Mechanics, College of Aerospace Engineering, Chongqing University , Chongqing 400044, People's Republic of China
摘要：
In this work, we explore the instability of the complex convection in the Czochralski model concerning the effects of the radii ratio, melt materials, and crystal rotation. Particularly, linear stability analysis is conducted based on the spectral element method for three groups of cases with the same interval for the variation of the radii ratio (lambda) but different material Prandtl number (Pr) and dimensionless crystal rotation velocity omega(s). We observe that, for both omega(s) = 0 and omega(s) = 300, the mixed convection of silicon melt (Pr = 0.011) becomes less stable with the increase in radii ratio and the instability is of purely inertial mechanism. In contrast, as for the LiCaAlF6 melt (Pr = 1.4), a larger radii ratio would improve the stability and the instability is dominated by buoyancy mechanism for omega(s) = 300. Moreover, two times of critical wavenumber transitions occur in the critical stability curve for silicon melt (Pr = 0.011). Each transition associates with a convex turning point of the critical stability curve for omega(s) = 0, while only one turning point remains when omega(s) shifts to 300. Published under an exclusive license by AIP Publishing.
期刊：
Frontiers in Public Health,2022年10:865571 ISSN：2296-2565
通讯作者：
Liu, J.-A.
作者机构：
[Xiong, Yifan; Liu, Jun-an] Huazhong Univ Sci & Technol, Tongji Med Coll, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Social Med & Hlth Management, Wuhan, Peoples R China.;[Zhao, Ying] Univ South China, Sch Publ Hlth, Hengyang Med Sch, Dept Social Med, Hengyang, Peoples R China.;[Zhang, Tianyu] Huazhong Univ Sci & Technol, Tongji Med Coll, Sch Basic Med, Wuhan, Peoples R China.;[Wang, Qi] Huazhong Univ Sci & Technol, Tongji Med Coll, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, Wuhan, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Liu, J.-A.] D;Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
期刊：
Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry,2022年36(21):e9374- ISSN：0951-4198
通讯作者：
Haibo Mei
作者机构：
[Wu, Jiangyan; Liu, Kun; Zheng, Yu; Zhu, Guanghui; Liu, Yaoxi; Tan, Qian; Yang, Ge; Mei, Haibo] Univ South China, Heng Yang Med Sch, Sch Pediat, Hunan Childrens Hosp,Dept Pediat Orthopaed, 86 Ziyuan Rd, Changsha 410007, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Qin, Zhen Qi] Fuyang Normal Univ, Med Sch, Fuyang, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Haibo Mei] D;Department of Pediatric Orthopaedics, Hunan Children's Hospital, The School of Pediatrics, Heng Yang Medical School, University of South China, Changsha City, Hunan Province, 410007 China
摘要：
RATIONALE: The exact etiology and pathogenesis of congenital pseudarthrosis of tibia (CPT) are not clear. Quantitative proteomics analysis plays a vital role in disease pathology research. Tandem mass tag (TMT)-based proteomics techniques were employed to identify and analyze the differentially expressed proteins (DEP) in the tibia periosteum tissues of CPT patients. METHODS: The samples were divided into three groups: CPT with NF1 group, CPT without NF1 group (non-NF1-CPT), and control group (patients with open tibial fracture). A fold change ≥1.5 or ≤0.66 and P-value <0.05 were used as the thresholds to screen DEPs. Subsequently, bioinformatics resources such as online tools DAVID and String were used to generate gene ontology (GO) annotation, KEGG pathways enrichment, and protein-protein interaction (PPI) network for these DEPs. RESULTS: The results show that a total of 347 proteins were differentially expressed in NF1-CPT groups, 212 of which were upregulated and 135 were downregulated. There were more DEPs in non-NF1-CPT groups; we identified 467 DEPs, including 281 upregulated and 186 downregulated. Among them, NF1-CPT groups and non-NF1-CPT groups shared 231 DEPs, and the remaining 230 DEPs showed the same expression trend in the two disease groups, with 117 upregulated and 113 downregulated. In particular, 116 proteins were altered only in NF1-CPT groups (94 were upregulated and 22 were downregulated), whereas 236 proteins were altered only in non-NF1-CPT groups (164 were upregulated and 72 were downregulated). Finally, compared with non-NF1-CPT groups, 47 proteins changed 1.5-fold and P-value < 0.05 in NF1-CPT groups. CONCLUSIONS: To sum up, we found that common DEPS in periosteum of NF1-CPT and non-NF1-CPT groups are mainly involved in cell matrix assembly, cell adhesion, AKT-PI3K signal pathway activation, and vascular agglutination, which indicate that these are the pathological characteristics of CPT. The osteogenic ability is weak, the osteoclastic ability is strong, the vascular lumen is narrow, the invasive growth and the proliferation of fibroblasts are enhanced in CPT patients.
期刊：
Frontiers in Psychiatry,2022年13:830541 ISSN：1664-0640
作者机构：
[Fu, Lili] Univ South China, Hainan Gen Hosp, Hainan Affiliated Hosp, Hengyang Med Sch, Haikou, Peoples R China.;[Liu, Liting; Huang, Weiyuan; Chen, Feng; Chen, Huijuan; Fu, Qingqing] Hainan Med Univ, Hainan Gen Hosp, Dept Radiol, Hainan Affiliated Hosp, Haikou, Peoples R China.;[Liu, Tao] Hainan Med Univ, Hainan Gen Hosp, Dept Neurol, Hainan Affiliated Hosp, Haikou, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Betel quid;betel quid dependent;Drug dependence;Resting-state fMRI;Percent amplitude of fluctuation
摘要：
ObjectiveThis study aimed to investigate brain spontaneous neural activity changes in betel quid dependence (BQD) chewers using the percent amplitude of fluctuation (PerAF) method. MethodsThis study included 48 BQD chewers. The healthy control (HC) group comprised 35 volunteers who were matched with BQD chewers in age, gender, and educational status. All subjects underwent resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) and neuropsychological tests. The PerAF method was used to identify BQD-related regional brain activity changes. An independent samples t-test was used to evaluate the PerAF difference across two groups. The association between PerAF changes and clinical features such as BQD scores, duration of BQD, Hamilton Depression Rating Scale-24 item (HAMD-24), and Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale-14 item (HAMA-14) was evaluated by using Spearman's correlation analysis. It assessed the ability of the PerAF method to distinguish between BQD chewers and HCs using a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. ResultsCompared to the control group, BQD chewers showed decreased PerAF in right anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), right middle frontal gyrus (MFG), right insula, right precuneus, left putamen, left supramarginal gyrus (SMG), and left cerebellum and increased PerAF in right orbitofrontal and left superior temporal gyrus (STG) [P < 0.05, Gaussian random field (GRF) corrected]. PerAF values of the right MFG and right ACC had a significant negative relationship with the duration of BQD (P < 0.05). The average values of PerAF in the left putamen, left cerebellum, and left STG showed significant discriminatory power in distinguishing BQD chewers from HCs, with relatively prime area under the curve (AUC) values. ConclusionOur findings suggested that betel quid chewing is associated with spontaneous neural activity alterations in the impulsivity areas (MFG and ACC), cognitive (MFG, ACC, precuneus, and the cerebellum), and reward (orbitofrontal, putamen, and insula) systems, which may be correlated with neuropathological mechanisms of BQD. Also, PerAF may be useful as a potential sensitive biomarker for identifying spontaneous brain activity changes in BQD chewers.
