摘要：
Background: Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) and protein kinase B (AKT) are involved in the clearance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) by macrophages.Aim: This study aimed to investigate the effects of polymorphisms in the PI3K/AKT genes and the gene-smoking interaction on susceptibility to TB.Methods: This case-control study used stratified sampling to randomly select 503 TB patients and 494 control subjects. Logistic regression analysis was used to determine the association between the polymorphisms and TB. Simultaneously, the marginal structure linear dominance model was used to estimate the gene-smoking interaction.Results: Genotypes GA (OR 1.562), AA (OR 2.282), and GA + AA (OR 1.650) at rs3730089 of the PI3KR1 gene were significantly associated with the risk to develop TB. Genotypes AG (OR 1.460), GG (OR 2.785), and AG + GG (OR 1.622) at rs1130233 of the AKT1 gene were significantly associated with the risk to develop TB. In addition, the relative excess risk of interaction (RERI) between rs3730089 and smoking was 0.9608 (95% CI: 0.5959, 1.3256, p < 0.05), which suggests a positive interaction.Conclusion: We conclude that rs3730089 and rs1130233 are associated with susceptibility to TB, and there was positive interaction between rs3730089 and smoking on susceptibility to TB.
期刊：
Frontiers in Public Health,2022年10:865571 ISSN：2296-2565
通讯作者：
Liu, J.-A.
作者机构：
[Xiong, Yifan; Liu, Jun-an] Huazhong Univ Sci & Technol, Tongji Med Coll, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Social Med & Hlth Management, Wuhan, Peoples R China.;[Zhao, Ying] Univ South China, Sch Publ Hlth, Hengyang Med Sch, Dept Social Med, Hengyang, Peoples R China.;[Zhang, Tianyu] Huazhong Univ Sci & Technol, Tongji Med Coll, Sch Basic Med, Wuhan, Peoples R China.;[Wang, Qi] Huazhong Univ Sci & Technol, Tongji Med Coll, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, Wuhan, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Liu, J.-A.] D;Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
摘要：
Purpose: To explore the esophageal cancer (EC) incidence and mortality trends and risk factors in China during 2005-2015. Materials and Methods: The data were stratified by area (urban, rural), gender (male, female), and age groups (0 similar to, 5 similar to, ..., 85 similar to). The age-standardized incidence rate (ASIR) and mortality rate (ASMR), age-specific incidence and mortality were calculated to describe the trends, which were analyzed by Joinpoint software, negative binomial regression model, and age-period-cohort model. Results: Trends in EC ASIR decreased markedly during 2010-2015 (APC=-6.14%, P<0.05), and the average annual percent change (AAPC) value was -8.07% (95% confidence interval (CI): -9.98 similar to-6.12) for rural areas during 2005-2015. The ASMR was on a fast-downward trend after 2011 (APC=-6.67%, P<0.05), with AAPC values of -1.34% (95% CI: - 2.56 similar to-0.19) for males, -3.39% (95% CI: -5.65, -1.07) for females, and -9.67% (95% CI: - 10.56 similar to-8.77) for rural areas during 2005-2015. The age-specific incidence and mortality increased with age. The risk of EC for males was 3.1675 times higher than females (P<0.001), and for urban areas, it was 0.58 times larger than rural (P<0.001). The age and period effects presented an increasing trend, with a decreasing trend for the cohort effects in incidence and mortality risk. Later birth cohorts presented lower risks than previous birth cohorts. Conclusion: ASIR and ASMR in China are higher in males than females, and higher in rural than urban areas, which have decreased during 2005-2015, especially in rural areas. The incidence increased with age up to the peak age group of 75. Area, gender, and age were independent risk factors for EC incidence.
关键词：
job burnout;job satisfaction;mental hospital staff;relationship;structural equation model
摘要：
OBJECTIVES: To understand the relationship between job burnout and job satisfaction for medical workers and analyse the influencing factors. METHODS: We used two scales to examine medical workers in Hengyang mental hospitals. Multivariate logistic regression and structural equation model were used to evaluate the relevant factors of job satisfaction, and the relationship between job satisfaction and job burnout. RESULTS: The total job satisfaction was at the moderate level. For job burnout was in the middle burnout level. Job satisfaction can have a negative prediction function for job burnout (direct effect -0.684). The relevant factors of job burnout and job satisfaction was as follows: nature of the work, pay, benefits and communication impacted job satisfaction and job burnout. CONCLUSIONS: The current level of job satisfaction is relatively low, job satisfaction has a negative effect on job burnout.
摘要：
OBJECTIVE: To investigate awareness and knowledge of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection among high school students and to provide a basis for health education on HPV infection for high school students in China. STUDY DESIGN: A ques- awareness of tionnaire on HPV awareness and knowledge was adminis- provide the tered to 900 high school students in Xiangtan City of Hunan Province in China by layer cluster sampling. A total of 848 anonymous valid questionnaires were received from volunteers who cornpleted the questionnaire correctly. RESULTS: Only 10.1% had heard of HPV, and of those only 18.6% knew that HPV could lead to cervical cancer. Single factor analysis indicated that home address, age, grade, academic achievement, sex history, gender, father's education level and mother's education level were impact factors for HPV knowledge of high school students. Multiple regression analysis showed 4 independent risk factors associated with HPV knowledge: academic achievement, sex history, gender, and mother's education level. The limited knowledge came primarily frorri television and radio broadcasts (59.3%), the Internet (57.0%), parents (25.6%), medical workers (20.9%), and teachers (18.6%). CONCLUSION: High school students lack HPV people's knowledge, which is affectand CC can ed by multiple factors. Targeted health education of for targeted all sorts must be provided. Both schools and families are responsible for reinforcing HPV education provided to high school students.
摘要：
Previous studies have shown that rapid eye movement (REM) sleep deprivation (RSD) exerts a detrimental effect on some memory tasks. However, whether post-learning RSD impairs memory for fear extinction, an important model of inhibitory learning, remains to be elucidated. The present study examined the effects of post-extinction RSD from 0 to 6 h and 6 to 12 h on recall of fear extinction tested 24 h after extinction training. We found that RSD from 0 to 6 h significantly increased freezing when recall of extinction of cued fear was tested in the context in which rats received extinction training whereas RSD from 6 to 12 h had no effect (experiments 1 and 2, two hippocampus-independent memory tasks). RSD at either time point had no effect on freezing when recall of extinction of cued fear was tested in the context different from that in which extinction training occurred (experiment 3, a hippocampus-dependent memory task). Additionally, we observed no effect of RSD at either time point on freezing during recall test for extinction of contextual fear (experiment 4, a hippocampus-dependent memory task). These results suggest that the effects of post-extinction RSD on memory for fear extinction are complex. RSD impairs recall of fear extinction in hippocampus-independent tasks, but does not affect recall of fear extinction in hippocampus-dependent tasks. Our findings extend previous research on the effects of RSD on learning and memory and support the notion that REM sleep is involved in memory process of certain tasks. (c) 2006 IBRO. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
