摘要：
Traditional cementation technique is insufficient in making municipal solid waste incineration (MSWI) fly ashes meet the permissible leaching threshold. Aluminum supplementation and electrokinetic (EK) activation were combinedly incorporated into the traditional solidification pathway to enhance the geopolymerization and the immobilization of Pb and Cd in MSWI fly ashes in this study. The aluminum addition remarkably affected the geopolymer formation. The minimum toxicity leaching as well as the maximum compressive strength were achieved at the combination of the voltage gradient of 1.0 V/cm, the proposing time of 48 or 72 h, the mass ratio of alkali activator to fly ash of 11.5%, and the modulus of 2.1. Chloride reduction in the mortar obtained during the EK process increased the negative charge relativity of oligomers. The leaching concentrations of Pb and Cd from the geopolymer were successfully predicted by a linear model based on the compressive strengths at 28 d. Higher reaction degree was found in the EK-activated mortar in the geopolymerization kinetics. Aluminum supplementation had induced the production of some amorphous aluminosilicate minerals including Al6Si2O13, CaAl2Si2O8 center dot 4H(2)O, Ca2Al3(Si3O12)OH, Ca2Al(OH)(7)center dot 3H(2)O, and Ca4Al2O6Cl2 center dot 10H(2)O during the EK process. Larger particles observed in the EK-treated specimen directly verified the EK-activated pozzolanic reactions. (C) 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
通讯机构：
Key Discipline Laboratory for National Defense for Biotechnology in Uranium Mining and Hydrometallurgy, Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Green Development Technology for Extremely Low Grade Uranium Resources, University of South China, Hengyang, China
摘要：
This work focuses on constructing a bio-electro-hydrometallurgical platform to efficiently recover cobalt (Co), lithium (Li), and manganese (Mn) from the cathode active materials (CAMs) of spent lithium batteries. A bioleaching process and selective adsorption by PC-88A/TOA-modified granular activated carbon were both incorporated into an electrokinetics approach to achieve excellent recycling performance. The technical feasibility was comprehensively investigated in terms of four aspects, including the domestication of microorganisms, the evaluation of the bioleaching process, the equilibrium adsorption of the adsorbent, and the electrokinetic recovery. Potential sulfur-oxidizing bacteria were screened and domesticated to a high concentration of pyrite pulp. The voltage gradient and the remediation time both had obvious influences on the recovery of the target elements in the electrokinetic process. Maximum recoveries of 91.45%, 93.64% and 87.92% for Co, Li, and Mn, respectively, were achieved from the CAMs of spent lithium-ion batteries via the electrokinetics process. The indirect oxidation of pyrite provided the necessary reductants for the platform. The transformation of sulfur (S) to H2SO4 as a result of bio-oxidation by bacteria strains supplied additional H+ ions to facilitate the reduction reaction, and acid dissolution mitigated the drawbacks caused by the uneven distribution of pH in the electrokinetics process.
摘要：
The rockburst is a severe underground geological disaster, which has great damage to the workers, equipments and engineering structures. This paper aims to find a suitable way to assess the risk of rockburst within complicated decision making circumstances. First, plenty of literature related to the risk assessment indexes and methods of rockburst is reviewed. On account of the specific characteristics of rockburst, both quantitative and qualitative evaluation indexes are recognized in this paper. Owing to the fuzziness of human thinking and the complexity of risk assessment problems, triangular fuzzy numbers (TFNs) are advised to describe these indexes values. Meanwhile, the superiority linguistic ratings of decision makers (DMs) are used to determine the weights of indexes. After that, an extended multi-attributive border approximation area comparison (MABAC) method corresponding to TFNs is put forward to obtain the ranking results and specific risk levels of rockburst under fuzzy environment. Finally, an example of assessing the risk of rockburst in Kaiyang phosphate mine is illustrated. The rockburst proneness of four crucial areas is evaluated with the proposed method, and the ranking result is consistent with the field status. Besides, the effectiveness of this method is demonstrated with parameter and comparison analyses. The results show that the extended MABAC method is reliable and effective for evaluating the risk of rockburst, and provides references for the prevention and management of rockburst.
摘要：
Uranium-contaminated wastewater associated with uranium (U) mining and processing inevitably releases into soil environment. In order to assess the risk of U wastewater contamination to groundwater through percolation, U adsorption and transport behavior in a typical red soil in South China was investigated through batch adsorption and column experiments, and initial pH and carbonate concentration were considered of the high-sulfate background electrolyte solution. Results demonstrated that U adsorption isotherms followed the Freundlich model. The adsorption of U to red soil significantly decreased with the decrease of the initial pH from 7 to 3 in the absence of carbonate, protonation-deprotonation reactions controlled the adsorption capacity, and lnCs had a linear relationship with the equilibrium pH (pHeq). In the presence of carbonate, the adsorption was much greater than that in the absence of carbonate owing to the pHeq values buffered by carbonate, but the adsorption decreased with the increase of the carbonate concentration from 3.5 to 6.5 mM. Additionally, the breakthrough curves (BTCs) obtained by column experiments showed that large numbers of H(+) and CO3(2-) competed with the U species for adsorption sites, which resulted in BTC overshoot (C/C0 > 1). Numerical simulation results indicated that the BTCs at initial pH 4 and 5 could be well simulated by two-site chemical non-equilibrium model (CNEM), whereas the BTCs of varying initial carbonate concentrations were suitable for one-site CNEM. The fractions of equilibrium adsorption sites (f) seemed to correlate with the fractions of positively charged complexes of U species in solution. The values of partition coefficients (kd(')) were lower than those measured in batch adsorption experiments, but they had the same variation trend. The values of first-order rate coefficient (omega) for all BTCs were low, representing a relatively slow equilibrium between U in the liquid and solid phases. In conclusion, the mobility of U in the red soil increased with the decrease of the initial pH and with the increase of the initial carbonate concentrations.
摘要：
The safety and stability of roadways is greatly influenced by the complex geological conditions present in the Sanmenxia Bauxite Mine, Henan Province, China. In this study, based on data from field survey, advanced detection methods, numerical studies, and monitoring studies, we have adopted the method of steel fiber-reinforced shotcrete to improve the excavation rate of roadways and guarantee the safety of the tunnel when it passes through unfavorable geological bodies, such as shale rocks and broken argillaceous limestone. Field surveys showed that the stability of roof rocks is the major problem faced by engineers; however, tunnel construction using cast-in-situ concrete, which is the method currently applied, costs too much time, resulting in an excavation rate that is too slow to meet the requirements of the Sanmenxia Bauxite Mine. Here, we propose an optimized scheme which, when combined with numerical simulations and data from advanced detection techniques and field monitoring surveys, can improve the efficiency of roadway roof support. During the implementation of the new scheme, the geological anomalies ahead of the working face were detected in advance. It is assumed that the supporting effect of the steel fiber-reinforced shotcrete is equivalent to that of the cast-in-situ concrete as long as a certain thickness is reached. Moreover, the steel fiber-reinforced shotcrete has better mechanical properties than cast-in-situ concrete and achieves a better combination effect with surrounding rock masses. Based on geological conditions and numerical results, the shotcrete should be thickest in the middle area along the roadway axis passing through the unfavorable geological bodies, and gradually become less thick from the middle to both ends. Field tests were carried out to verify the effectiveness of the scheme. The monitoring results show that the roadway passing through broken argillaceous limestone was stable after being supported by shotcrete (at least 80 mm); its thickness should reach at least about 120 mm when passing through shale rock mass. The results indicate that the use of steel fiber-reinforced shotcrete can considerably shorten the construction time compared with cast-in-situ concrete support. The scheme has proved to be a feasible, economical, and time-saving method for underground excavation in the Sanmenxia Bauxite Mine.
作者机构：
[Huang, Tao; Zhou, Lulu; Liu, Long-Fei] School of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Changshu Institute of Technology, No. 99, South 3rd Ring Road, Changshu, 215500, China;[Huang, Tao; Liu, Long-Fei] Suzhou Key Laboratory of Functional Ceramic Materials, Changshu Institute of Technology, Changshu, 215500, China;[Huang, Tao] School of Chemical Engineering & Technology China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221116, China. Electronic address: ht1104705720@qq.com;[Song, Dongping] School of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Changshu Institute of Technology, No. 99, South 3rd Ring Road, Changshu, 215500, China. Electronic address: sdpxch@cslg.edu.cn;[Yin, Li-Xin] School of Economics and Management, Changshu Institute of Technology, No. 99, South 3rd Ring Road, Changshu, 215500, China. Electronic address: yinlixin735@163.com
通讯机构：
[Yin, Li-Xin; Song, Dongping; Huang, Tao] S;School of Chemical Engineering & Technology China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221116, China. Electronic address:;School of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Changshu Institute of Technology, No. 99, South 3rd Ring Road, Changshu, 215500, China. Electronic address:;School of Economics and Management, Changshu Institute of Technology, No. 99, South 3rd Ring Road, Changshu, 215500, China. Electronic address:
摘要：
An inadvertent leakage of 90Sr into the environment can induce an easy accumulation in biosphere and cause a continuous radiation to the surrounding ecosystem. In this study, sodium hexametaphosphate (Na6O18P6) was employed to modify the blast furnace slags (BFS) to enhance the chemical stabilization of Sr2+ ions in the BFS-based cementitious materials. Microwave irradiation (MW) was used to further increase the binder activity of BFS samples and strengthened the mechanical strengths and durability of BFS-based blocks. A combination of experimental factors including the mass ratio of Na6O18P6 to BFS–Sr0.1 of 15%, the ratio of solid to liquid of 1:4 mg/L, the output power of 650 W, and the activation time of 3 min was most conductive to achieving an optimal microwave-irradiation process. Four extraction solutions were sorted by their leaching abilities following as MgSO4 solution > H2SO4 solution > CH3OOH solution > deionized (DI) water based on their leaching results. Compared with microwave irradiation, an addition of Na6O18P6 to BFS samples obtained a better compressive strength for BFS-based blocks. However, a microwave-irradiation treatment was more effective in improving the resistances of blocks to gamma irradiation and thermal-thaw changes. Exposing to gamma irradiation over 6 months and enduring to thermal-thaw tests over 15 cycles, the microwave-treated blocks only lost 3.29% and 2.23% of leaching removal efficiencies in deionized water, respectively. Microwave irradiation increased the mechanical strengths of BFS-based blocks and inhibited leaching of Sr2+ ions from matrices mainly by strengthening hydration reactions and Sr2+ encapsulation.
摘要：
A molecularly imprinted electrochemical sensor for the rapid detection of the anti-parasitic drug Secnidazole (SCZ) is reported. In this work, the build electrochemical sensor was based on a carbon paste electrode (CPE) modified with multi-wall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and boron-embedded duplex molecularly imprinted composite membranes (B-DMICMs), that significantly increased the efficiency of the sensor for the detection of template molecule SCZ. Density functional theory (DFT) was employed to study the interactions between the template and monomers to select appropriate functional monomers for rational design of the B-DMICMs.The optimal experimental conditions were optimised for the factors affecting the performance of the sensor. Under the optimal conditions, the reduction peak currents of SCZ by differential pulse voltammetry increased linearly with SCZ concentration in the range from 3.0 x 10(-4) to 1.0 x 1.0(-6) mol L-1 and 1.0 x 1.0(-6) to 1.91 x 10(-8) mol L-1 with a detection limit of 1.72 x 10(-8) mol L-1 for secnidazole, which is significantly lower than those in the currently used methods and in previous reports. This method offers low cost, sensitive and effective determination of SCZ and can potentially be used for detection of SCZ in pharmaceutical and biological samples with good precision and accuracy.
摘要：
In this paper, the developmental toxicity and apoptosis in zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos induced by 0.01, 0.05, and 0.10-Gy gamma-ray irradiation were investigated and verified by single cell gel electrophoresis, acridine orange staining, flow cytometry, transmission electron microscopy, digital gene expression sequencing, and Western blot analysis. DNA damage, deformity rates, and apoptosis of zebrafish embryos were found to increase significantly with the increase of irradiation dose, and survival and hatching rates significantly decreased when the irradiation dose exceeds 0.10 and 0.05 Gy, respectively. Exposure to 0.10-Gy gamma-ray irradiation resulted in the swelling of cell mitochondria of zebrafish embryos and changes in their intracellular vacuoles. mRNA and protein expression levels of Shh (sonic hedgehog 19 KDa) and Smo (smoothened 86 KDa) of Hh signaling pathway associated with the development of early embryos significantly increased with the increase of irradiation dose. Expression of the AKT (56 KDa) and PiK3r3 (55 KDa) genes, which are anti-apoptotic and involved with the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway, significantly decreased, while expression of the bada gene, which is pro-apoptotic, significantly increased. The results show that gamma-ray irradiations of 0.01 and 0.05 Gy can induce developmental toxicity and apoptosis in zebrafish embryos via Hh and PI3K/Akt signaling pathways, respectively.
作者机构：
[刘红娟; 吴仁杰] Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology, University of South China, Hengyang;Hunan;421001, China;[谢水波] Key Discipline Laboratory for National Defence for Biotechnology in Uranium Mining and Hydrometallurgy, University of South China, Hengyang;[刘迎九] Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse Technology, University of South China, Hengyang
通讯机构：
[Xie, S.-B.] K;Key Discipline Laboratory for National Defence for Biotechnology in Uranium Mining and Hydrometallurgy, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
