摘要：
Many factors influence the menopausal transition and the complexity of this transition increases with the addition of immigration transition. This review aims to identify the factors that influence the menopausal transition for immigrant women based on ecosocial theory. A scoping review of English publications was conducted according to PRISMA guidelines using CINAHL, AgeLine, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, ERIC, Nursing and Allied Health Database, PsycARTICLES, Sociology Database, and Education Research Complete. Thirty-seven papers were included for this review. The factors which influence the menopausal transition for immigrant women were grouped into three categories: (a) personal factors, (b) familial factors, and (c) community and societal factors. Personal factors include income and employment, physical and psychological health, perceptions of menopause, and acculturation. Familial factors include partner support, relationships with children, and balancing family, work, and personal duties. Community and societal factors encompassed social network, social support, healthcare services, traditional cultural expectations, and discrimination in host countries. Interventions addressing the menopausal transition for immigrant women should be designed considering different psychosocial factors and actively work to address systemic barriers that negatively impact their transition.
关键词：
rural settlements;spatio-temporal evolution;driving forces;geographic detectors;geographically temporally weighted regression model (GTWR);Hubei Province
摘要：
With the rapid development of the social economy, factors of social and economic development in China's rural areas have been continuously reorganized, and the pattern and distribution of rural residential areas have undergone significant changes. In rural areas, there have been many peculiar phenomena of "reducing people but not reducing land in rural areas, which has caused tremendous pressure on land resource protection. We used geographic detectors and a geographically temporally weighted regression model (GTWR) to explore the rural settlements' evolution and driving mechanism in Hubei Province from 1990 to 2015. The results show that the kernel density of rural settlements decreased from 1.62 villages/km(2) in 1990 to 1.60 villages/km(2) in 2015. The scale of rural residential patches has obvious regional differentiation characteristics. From southeast to northwest, there is a wave-like distribution structure of "high-low-high-low-high", and the clustering characteristics of "cold and hot spots" are strengthened with time. Based on GTWR analysis, the total rural population, total power of agricultural machinery, and rural electricity consumption have promoted the expansion of rural settlements, with the regression coefficients 0.096, 0.484, and 0.878, respectively. Cultivated land, agricultural output value, and rural labor force have negative impacts on the expansion, the regression coefficients of the village were -0.584, -0.510, and -0.109, respectively.
摘要：
Most existing methods for relation extraction tasks depend heavily on large-scale annotated data; they cannot learn from existing knowledge and have low generalization ability. It is urgent for us to solve the above problems by further developing few-shot learning methods. Because of the limitations of the most commonly used CNN model which is not good at sequence labeling and capturing long-range dependencies, we proposed a novel model that integrates the transformer model into a prototypical network for more powerful relation-level feature extraction. The transformer connects tokens directly to adapt to long sequence learning without catastrophic forgetting and is able to gain more enhanced semantic information by learning from several representation subspaces in parallel for each word. We evaluate our method on three tasks, including in-domain, cross-domain and cross-sentence tasks. Our method achieves a trade-off between performance and computation and has an approximately 8% improvement in different settings over the state-of-the-art prototypical network. In addition, our experiments also show that our approach is competitive when considering cross-domain transfer and cross-sentence relation extraction in few-shot learning methods.
作者机构：
[Zhang, Yin-Ping; Zhang, Dandan; Jia, Yitong] Xi An Jiao Tong Univ, Hlth Sci Ctr, Sch Nursing, Xian, Shaanxi, Peoples R China.;[Yang, Wenren; Wang, Dongmei; Chen, Yongjun; Liao, Hongwu; Yang, Wei] Univ South China, Affiliated Nanhua Hosp, Hengyang Med Sch, Inst Clin Res, Hengyang, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[He, Pingping] Univ South China, Sch Nursing, Hengyang Med Sch, Hengyang, Hunan, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Zhang, Yin-Ping] X;Xi An Jiao Tong Univ, Hlth Sci Ctr, Sch Nursing, Xian, Shaanxi, Peoples R China.
关键词：
COVID-19;education & training (see medical education & training);health & safety;infectious diseases;public health
摘要：
OBJECTIVE: To develop a virtual reality simulation training programme, and further verify the effect of the programme on improving the response capacity of emergency reserve nurses confronting public health emergencies. DESIGN: A prospective quasiexperimental design with a control group. PARTICIPANTS: A total of 120 nurses were recruited and randomly divided into the control group and the intervention group. INTERVENTION: Participants underwent a 3-month training. The control group received the conventional training of emergency response (eg, theoretical lectures, technical skills and psychological training), while the intervention group underwent the virtual reality simulation training in combination with skills training. The COVID-19 cases were incorporated into the intervention group training, and the psychological training was identical to both groups. At the end of the training, each group conducted emergency drills twice. Before and after the intervention, the two groups were assessed for the knowledge and technical skills regarding responses to fulminate respiratory infectious diseases, as well as the capacity of emergency care. Furthermore, their pandemic preparedness was assessed with a disaster preparedness questionnaire. RESULTS: After the intervention, the scores of the relevant knowledge, the capacity of emergency care and disaster preparedness in the intervention group significantly increased (p<0.01). The score of technical skills in the control group increased more significantly than that of the intervention group (p<0.01). No significant difference was identified in the scores of postdisaster management in two groups (p>0.05). CONCLUSION: The virtual reality simulation training in combination with technical skills training can improve the response capacity of emergency reserve nurses as compared with the conventional training. The findings of the study provide some evidence for the emergency training of reserve nurses in better response to public health emergencies and suggest this methodology is worthy of further research and popularisation.
期刊：
Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness,2021年16(6):2458-2463 ISSN：1935-7893
通讯作者：
Wang, ZM
作者机构：
[Gao, Xudong] Wuhan Polytechn Univ, Coll Med & Hlth Sci, Wuhan, Peoples R China.;[Wang, Zhimin; Wang, ZM; Tan, Lingling] Univ South China, Dept Nursing, Affiliated Hosp 2, Hengyang, Peoples R China.;[Kong, Chan] Huazhong Univ Sci & Technol, Tongji Hosp, Gen Med Dept, Tongji Med Coll, Wuhan, Peoples R China.;[Fan, Hongru] Huazhong Univ Sci & Technol, Hosp Wuhan 1, Dept Cardiovasc Dis, Wuhan, Peoples R China.;[Zhang, Juan] Huazhong Univ Sci & Technol, Hosp Wuhan 2, Dept Nursing, Wuhan, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Wang, ZM ] U;Univ South China, Dept Nursing, Affiliated Hosp 2, Hengyang, Peoples R China.
关键词：
bereavement;grief counseling;COVID-19;health care workers
摘要：
Objectives: This research aimed to examine health care workers' grief counseling for bereaved families of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) victims in China. Our research may provide a new opportunity to stimulate development of grief counseling in China.Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted with 724 health care workers selected by convenience sampling from seven hospitals in Wuhan. Data collection tools included a sociodemographic questionnaire, the skills of grief counseling scale (SGCS), and the attitudes of grief counseling scale (AGCS).Results: The average SGCS score was 18.96±4.66, whose influencing factors consisted of sense of responsibility, frequency of contact with bereaved families, and relevant training (P<0.05). The average AGCS score was 33.36±8.70, whose influencing factors consisted of other grief counseling skills, communication skills, education background, and relevant training (P<0.05).Conclusions: The skills and attitudes toward grief counseling among health care workers combating COVID-19 were at a lower level in Wuhan, China, indicating the need to build a comprehensive grief counseling system, establish a standardized training course, and strengthen the popularization of grief counseling services to the public.
期刊：
International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine,2020年13(2):682-690 ISSN：1940-5901
通讯作者：
Han, Zhifang
作者机构：
[Zhou, Yanmei; Peng, Fangli; Huang, Xinfeng] Univ South China, Affiliated Nanhua Hosp, Dept Hand & Foot Surg, Hengyang, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Chen, Li] Univ South China, Affiliated Nanhua Hosp, Human Resources Dept, Hengyang, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Han, Zhifang] Univ South China, Affiliated Nanhua Hosp, Anorectal Dept, Hengyang, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Han, Zhifang] Univ South China, Affiliated Nanhua Hosp, Anorectal Dept Pain, 336 Dongfeng South Rd, Hengyang, Hunan, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Han, Zhifang] U;Univ South China, Affiliated Nanhua Hosp, Anorectal Dept Pain, 336 Dongfeng South Rd, Hengyang, Hunan, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Individual nursing;high risk of diabetic foot;emotion;life quality;complications
摘要：
Objective: To explore the effects of individual nursing intervention on emotion, life quality and complications of patients at high risk of having a diabetic foot. Methods: A total of 104 patients with high risk of a diabetic foot admitted to our hospital from September 2016 to January 2018 were selected as research subjects, among which 50 patients receiving routine nursing intervention were enrolled as Group A, and another 54 patients receiving individual nursing intervention were enrolled as Group B. The two groups were compared for anxiety, depression, life quality, complications, treatment compliance, self-management ability and nursing satisfaction. Results: Before nursing, there was no significant difference between the two groups in Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAMA) and Hamilton Depression Scale (HMDS) scores (both P>0.05); while after nursing, both groups had lower HAMA and HMDS scores, but Group A had higher HAMA and HMDS scores than Group B (both P<0.05). After nursing, Group A showed a significantly higher overall incidence of complications than Group B (P<0.05); while after nursing, both groups had lower life quality scores, but Group A had higher life quality scores than Group B (both P<0.05). At the end of the follow-up, Group A showed a lower compliance rate than Group B in all items (P<0.05); while after nursing, both groups had significantly higher self-management ability scores, but Group A had significantly lower self-management ability scores than Group B (both P<0.05). Group B showed a significantly higher nursing satisfaction than Group A (P<0.05). Conclusion: Individual nursing intervention can help patients at high risk of having a diabetic foot effectively control their own negative emotions, and can improve their life quality and reduce complications, so it is of high clinical application value.
摘要：
The backfill mining method is widely used in metal mines. A large and thick backfill body has formed in the No.2 zone of Jinchuan Nickel Mine, and its stability is critical for mining safety. In order to study the mechanical behavior of the boundary part of backfill, ground subsidence monitoring, underground filed monitoring of displacement, and stress and numerical simulation were conducted to analyze stress distribution and deformation of backfill. According to underground monitoring, the bed separated displacement has the consistent trend with ground subsidence in the mine area. Based underground stress monitoring, both horizontal and vertical stress of the internal part of backfill is less than the stress boundary part of the backfill. The characteristic of backfill boundary outline is a step-profile. Contact interaction between the surrounding rock and backfill led to complex stress distribution. According to stress monitoring of the boundary points in a numerical model, the multi-peak value of stress development is the major feature of the boundary part of backfill. The multi-peak stress behavior of the boundary part of backfill was influenced by mining depth. The boundary part of backfill deformation influenced the local stability of mining. This article provided a scientific basis for strength design and the support choice of a metal mine by the method of backfill mining.
摘要：
Patient empowerment has been shown to have some positive impacts on self-efficacy, self-esteem, and recovery. However, information about the empowerment needs of patients after a percutaneous coronary intervention is scarce. The aim of this study was to develop a Chinese-language instrument to measure empowerment needs of such patients. The initial instrument was generated based on a literature review and interviews with patients after a percutaneous coronary intervention procedure. Content validity was tested with a panel of experts using the Delphi method. In total, 226 patients were recruited for psychometric tests using the revised instrument. Expert authority coefficient was 0.92, and content validity index was 0.95. The internal consistency reliability was demonstrated by Cronbach's alpha coefficients (0.86 for the total score, 0.66-0.74 for the dimensions). The newly developed 19-item, five-dimension instrument has shown satisfactory validity (face/content validity and construct validity) and internal consistency reliability. The instrument could help clinical nurses who have close contact with patients after a percutaneous coronary intervention to gain a better understanding of their empowerment needs and could help develop appropriate health education to address such needs.
作者机构：
[Du, Hongyu; Li, Shichen; Zhu, Xiongzhao; Zhu, Jiang; Li, Sihui; He, Jing] Cent South Univ, Xiangya Hosp 2, Med Psychol Ctr, Changsha 410011, Peoples R China.;[He, Jing] First Normal Univ, Dept Psychol, Changsha, Peoples R China.;[He, Jing] Hunan Key Lab Childrens Psychol Dev & Brain Cogni, Changsha, Peoples R China.;[Du, Hongyu; Li, Shichen; Zhu, Xiongzhao; Zhu, Jiang; Li, Sihui] Cent South Univ, Inst Med Psychol, Changsha, Peoples R China.;[Zhu, Xiongzhao] Second Xiangya Hosp, Natl Clin Res Ctr forMental Disorders, Changsha, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Zhu, Xiongzhao] C;Cent South Univ, Xiangya Hosp 2, Med Psychol Ctr, Changsha 410011, Peoples R China.
关键词：
diabetic ketoacidosis, type 1 diabetes, executive function, children, BMI = body mass index, CDI = Children’s Depression Inventory, CSSS = Chinese Version of the Subjective Socioeconomic Status Scale, DKA = diabetic ketoacidosis, HC = healthy control, IQ = intelligence quotient, STAIC = State-Trait Anxiety Inventory for Children, T-AI = Trait Anxiety Inventory, T1DM = type 1 diabetes mellitus, WCST = Wisconsin Card Sorting Test
摘要：
Objective Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is known to affect memory function, but little is known about its impact on executive function. This study aimed to determine whether a history of DKA was associated with changes in executive function in children with T1DM. Methods The sample consisted of 99 patients with T1DM with histories of DKA, 82 patients with T1DM without DKA, and 100 healthy controls aged 7 to 18 years. Neuropsychological function and emotion assessments were performed in all participants. The Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST) was used to assess executive function. Results Compared with healthy controls, the DKA group (but not the non-DKA group) had a significantly lower mean intelligence quotient (IQ; p = .006, Cohen d = 0.528) and a significantly higher rate of WCST perseverative errors (p = .006, Cohen d = 0.475). In the DKA group, the age at DKA onset was significantly associated with the IQ (p = .001) and the number of completed WCST categories (p = .046). Higher hemoglobin A1c levels were associated significantly with lower IQ (p < .001), increased rate of WCST perseverative errors (p = .015), and completion of fewer WCST categories (p = .027). Conclusions DKA has implications for executive function in children with T1DM. These findings emphasize the importance of DKA prevention in patients with known T1DM, especially younger children with newly diagnosed T1DM.
期刊：
International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine,2020年13(2):917-924 ISSN：1940-5901
通讯作者：
Liu, Yang
作者机构：
[Ou, Ling; Liu, Yang] South China Univ, South China Hosp, Hemodialysis Room,336 Dongfeng South Rd, Hengyang 421002, Hunan, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Liu, Yang] S;South China Univ, South China Hosp, Hemodialysis Room,336 Dongfeng South Rd, Hengyang 421002, Hunan, Peoples R China.
关键词：
High-quality nursing;diabetic nephropathy;hemodialysis;complications;quality of life
摘要：
Objective: This study was designed to determine the effects of high-quality nursing on quality of life and complications of patients with diabetic nephropathy (DN) undergoing hemodialysis. Methods: A total of 168 DN hemodialysis patients admitted to our hospital from September 2015 to June 2018 were selected as the study subjects, among whom 90 cases treated with routine nursing were assigned into the control group, and the other 78 received high-quality nursing were enrolled in the research group. The anxiety, depression, blood glucose index, DN-related knowledge familiarity, nursing satisfaction, complications and quality of life before and after nursing were compared between the two groups. Results: Compared with the control group, the research group presented significantly lower SAS and SDS scores after nursing (P<0.05). In addition, the fasting blood glucose, 2 h postprandial blood glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin and other blood glucose indexes in the research group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P<0.05). Moreover, the scores of DN-related knowledge familiarity, nursing satisfaction and quality of life in the research group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion: Compared with routine nursing, high-quality nursing can not only alleviate the adverse emotions of DN patients, effectively control blood sugar, help patients master DN related knowledge more skillfully, but also improve nursing satisfaction, reduce the risk of complications and improve the quality of life, which is worthy of clinical promotion.
期刊：
Journal of Cleaner Production,2020年258 ISSN：0959-6526
通讯作者：
Wang, Hanqing
作者机构：
[Ding, Rui; Sui, Yang; Wang, Hanqing] Univ South China, Sch Nucl Sci & Technol, Hengyang 421001, Peoples R China.;[Sui, Yang] Fujian Fuqing Nucl Power Co Ltd, Fuqing 350300, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Wang, Hanqing] U;Univ South China, Sch Nucl Sci & Technol, Hengyang 421001, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Nuclear power plant construction project;Occupational health and safety and environment;Risk assessment;Mathematical model
摘要：
Nuclear Power Plant (NPP) construction project is a mega one with high level of occupational health and safety and environment (OHSE) risks, and it is necessary to propose an approach for the OHSE risk assessment so as to prevent the OHSE accidents or reduce their outcomes. However, there has not been such an approach due to the high uncertainty and complexity of NPP construction project. Therefore, this paper proposed a novel approach for the OHSE risk assessment which includes systematically identifying the OHSE risks by using brainstorming method, establishing an OHSE risk assessment index system by using Delphi method, and formulating a mathematical model by combining set pair analysis (SPA), trapezoidal fuzzy number (TPFN), and set-valued statistics (SVS) methods for determining the overall OHSE risk level for NPP construction project. The approach was used to assess the OHSE risks for the NPP construction project in East China, and its overall OHSE risk level was assessed at level 2 (low OHSE risk level). In addition, the problems in the OHSE risk management were found, and the corresponding OHSE risk treatments for these problems were implemented. The results showed that the approach helped reduce the OHSE risk level and protect the workers' occupational health and safety and the environment while the NPP construction project was under construction. (C) 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
作者：
Niu, Lei;Luo, Shi Shi;Xu, Yang;Wang, Zhen;Luo, Dan;...
期刊：
Neurobiology of Learning and Memory,2020年175:107301 ISSN：1074-7427
通讯作者：
Cao, Wen Yu;Wan, Wei
作者机构：
[Liu, Zheng Hai; Wang, Zhen; Li, Wei; Zeng, Jia Yu; Cao, Wen Yu; Niu, Lei; Wan, Wei; Luo, Shi Shi; Cao, WY] Univ South China, Hengyang Med Sch, Clin Anat & Reprod Med Applicat Inst, Hengyang 421001, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Niu, Lei] Liuyang Tradit Chinese Med Hosp, Liuyang 421001, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Wan, Wei] Hainan Med Univ, Key Lab Brain Sci Res & Transformat Trop Environm, Haikou 571199, Hainan, Peoples R China.;[Xu, Yang] Univ South China, Hengyang Med Sch, Inst Neurosci, Hengyang 421001, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[He, Jie] Hainan Med Univ, Dept Pathol, Trop Environm Hainan Prov, Haikou 571199, Hainan, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Cao, WY; Wan, W] U;Univ South China, Hengyang Med Sch, Clin Anat & Reprod Med Applicat Inst, Hengyang 421001, Hunan, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Early life stress;Microglia;NLRP3 inflammasome;Cognitive impairment
摘要：
Early life stress exerts detrimental effects on cognitive function, but the mechanism by which this occurs is unknown. The NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated inflammatory response has emerged as a prominent contributor to cognitive impairment induced by chronic stress. In the present study, we showed that 8-week chronic social isolation (SI) led to cognitive impairment in mice, remarkably increasing expression of the hippocampal NLRP3 inflammasome. Furthermore, the 8-week SI procedure significantly increased the levels of hippocampal IL-1 beta and IL-18 without significant alteration of the level of serum IL-1 beta, suggesting a central mechanism for IL-1 beta-related CNS inflammation. Moreover, inflammatory microglial and expression of AMPAR were reduced in the hippocampus of SI mice. Minocycline is an antibiotic that limits microglia responses, and previous study also showed that minocycline could prevent stress-induced pro-inflammatory cytokine expression in the brain. Our experiment found that minocycline improved cognitive behavior in SI mice. Minocycline also prevented expression of the hippocampal NLRP3 inflammasome, indicating that microglia might be the primary contributor to SI-induced hippocampal NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Furthermore, alterations in SI mice were also restored by chronic treatment with the NLRP3 inhibitor MCC950. These results indicate that the microglia-derived NLRP3 inflammasome may be primarily involved in the inflammatory response to social isolation and that specific NLRP3 inflammasome inhibition using MCC950 may represent a promising therapeutic approach for early stress induced cognitive impairment.
期刊：
Science of The Total Environment,2020年749:142384 ISSN：0048-9697
通讯作者：
Zhang, Sheng;Sun, Chuanwang
作者机构：
[Yang, Fang] Xiamen Univ, Grad Inst Taiwan Studies, Xiamen 361005, Peoples R China.;[Sun, Chuanwang; Zhang, Sheng; Sun, CW] Xiamen Univ, Sch Econ, China Ctr Energy Econ Res, Xiamen 361005, Peoples R China.;[Zhang, Sheng] Univ South China, Sch Econ & Law, Hengyang 421000, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Zhang, S; Sun, CW] X;Xiamen Univ, Sch Econ, China Ctr Energy Econ Res, Xiamen 361005, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Energy infrastructure investment;Regional inequality;Effective cost index;Inclusive growth
摘要：
Effective energy infrastructure investment strategy could optimize the reallocation of energy resources, promote the coordinated development across regions, and narrow the regional development inequality. This paper, from the perspective of inclusive growth, investigates how the energy infrastructure investment could affect the regional economic growth, based on the evidence of China's power grid during 2000-2014. The "Effective Cost Index" (ECI) is formulated to measure the development degree of power grid infrastructure (PGI) at first. After that, the economic growth convergence model is adopted to analyze the impact of PGI on regional economic convergence by the method of system GMM. Moreover, different PGI investment scenarios are simulated to discuss what the optimal investment distribution is. The results present that the ECI can impact the regional economic growth negatively, and the PGI investment may generate higher marginal benefits for the less developed inland areas than the developed coastal areas. In China, the most effective way to narrow regional inequality is to distribute the PGI investment to the central hub provinces. (C) 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
