7-difluoromethyl-5,4′-dimethoxygenistein, a novel agent protecting against vascular endothelial injury caused by oxidative stress
作者：
Wang, Li;Zheng, Xing;Xiang, Hong-Lin;Fu, Xiao-Hua;Cao, Jian-Guo*
期刊：
Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology and Physiology ,2009年36(12):e90-e95 ISSN：0305-1870
通讯作者：
Cao, Jian-Guo
作者机构：
[Wang, Li] Univ S china, Coll Med, Hengyang, Peoples R China.;[Cao, Jian-Guo; Fu, Xiao-Hua; Xiang, Hong-Lin] Hunan Normal Univ, Coll Med, Changsha 410013, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Zheng, Xing] Univ S china, Inst Pharm & Pharmacol, Hengyang, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Cao, Jian-Guo] H;Hunan Normal Univ, Coll Med, Changsha 410013, Hunan, Peoples R China.
关键词：
7-difluoromethyl-5,4′-dimethoxygenistein;Endothelial cell;Oxidative stress;Protective effect
摘要：
1. Genistein is known to protect the vascular endothelium. However, genistein exhibits poor bioavailability, which limits its use in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. 7-Difluoromethyl-5,4′-dimethoxygenistein (dFMGEN), prepared by the difluoromethylation and alkylation of genistein, is a new active chemical entity. The protective effects of dFMGEN against vascular endothelial injury caused by oxidative stress were investigated in the present study. 2. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells were treated with either genistein (10 μmol/L) or various concentrations of dFMGEN (0.1, 0.3, 1, 3 and 10 μmol/L) for 30 min before exposure to 1 mmol/L H 2O 2 for 24 h. The generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) was assessed by fluorescence flow cytometry, the release of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) was examined by biochemical assay, cell viability was measured by the 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2 thiazoyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide assay, cell apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry and the expression of caspase 3 was examined by western blot analysis. 3. Pretreatment with 0.1, 0.3, 1, 3 and 10 μmol/L dFMGEN decreased the generation of ROS and the release of LDH in H 2O 2-exposed vascular endothelial cells, enhanced cell viability in a concentration-dependent manner over the concentration range 0.1-10 μmol/L, suppressed H 2O 2-induced apoptosis of vascular endothelial cells and downregulated the expression of caspase 3. The protective effect of 10 μmol/L dFMGEN against oxidative stress-induced endothelial injury was stronger than that of 10 μmol/L genistein. 4. The results of the present study suggest that dFMGEN can protect against vascular endothelial injury caused by oxidative stress. © 2009 Blackwell Publishing Asia Pty Ltd.
语种：
英文
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7-苄氧白杨素的合成及其抗癌活性研究
作者：
陈凯;姚旭;郑兴;赵菲菲;郑自通;...
期刊：
中国医药导刊 ,2009年11(1):149-150 ISSN：1009-0959
作者机构：
南华大学机能实验中心,衡阳,421001;南华大学药学系,衡阳,421001;南华大学药学科研兴趣小组成员,衡阳,421001
关键词：
7-苄氧白杨素;有机合成;抗癌活性
摘要：
目的:合成7-苄氧白杨素(7-HBC)并观察7-HBC对人急性粒细胞性白血病(HL-60)细胞、人胃腺癌(SGC-7901)细胞增殖抑制作用.方法:MTY比色法测定7-HBC对人急性粒细胞性白血病(HL-60)细胞、人胃腺癌(SGC-7901)细胞增殖抑制作用.结果:7-HBC对人急性粒细胞性白血病(HL-60)细胞、人胃腺癌(SGC-7901)细胞增殖具有抑制作用,呈浓度依赖性.结论:合成了7-HBC;实验表明7-HBC是一种具有抗癌活性的新候选约物.
语种：
中文
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7-烷氧白杨素衍生物合成及其抗癌活性研究、
作者：
刘毅;赵菲菲;郑兴;姚旭;郑自通;...
期刊：
中南医学科学杂志 ,2009年37(5):516-517,531 ISSN：2095-1116
作者机构：
南华大学,药学系,湖南,衡阳,421001;南华大学,药学科研兴趣小组;[戴林芝; 郑兴; 黄进; 罗星; 姚旭; 刘黎蕊; 刘毅; 赵菲菲; 郑自通] 南华大学
关键词：
白杨素;衍生物;抗癌活性
摘要：
目的 研究7-烷氧白杨素衍生物的体外抗癌活性. 方法 合成7-烷氧取代的白杨素衍生物,并通过MTT法检测其对人急性粒细胞性白血病(HL-60)细胞、人结肠癌(HT-29)细胞和人胃癌(SGC-7901)细胞增殖抑制作用. 结果 合成了6个烷氧取代白杨素衍生物,其中化合物2b对HT-29 细胞增殖的抑制作用强于5-Fu;化合物2a、2b、2e、2d对HL-60 细胞增殖的抑制作用强于5-Fu. 结论 7-烷氧白杨素衍生物具有潜在的抗癌活性.
语种：
中文
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天然药物化学理论课信息化教学探析
作者：
贺冬秀;郑兴;何小珍;刘运美
期刊：
科技资讯 ,2009年(5):216-217 ISSN：1672-3791
作者机构：
南华大学生命科学与技术学院药学系,湖南衡阳,421001
关键词：
天然药物化学;信息化教学;教学改革
摘要：
信息技术的飞速发展,传统天然药物化学教学模式已无法跟上时代发展的步伐.对其进行改革,是社会的需要,也是药学人才培养的需要.本文分析了天然药物化学理论教学的现状及信息化教学的优点,根据本校实际情况,对天然药物化学理论课信息化教学进行了初步探索.
语种：
中文
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药学专业人才培养模式的研究与探索
作者：
刘运美;唐圣松;郑兴;雷小勇;高治平;...
期刊：
中国高等医学教育 ,2009年(10):81-82 ISSN：1002-1701
作者机构：
南华大学药学与生命科学学院药学系,湖南,衡阳,421001
关键词：
药学专业;人才培养模式;研究与探索
摘要：
文章以科学发展观为指导,提出了药学专业人才培养的研究思路——以素质教育、创新教育、实践能力培养为主线,从教育教学理念、教学模式、课程设置与建设、实验室建设与管理、创新性能力评价体系和专业师资队伍建设等方面进行教学改革,系统地提出了药学专业人才培养的思想与措施。
语种：
中文
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7-Difluoromethyl-5,4′-dimethoxygenistein inhibits oxidative stress induced adhesion between endothelial cells and monocytes via NF-κB
作者：
Wang, Li;Zheng, Xing;Xiang, Hong-lin;Fu, Xiao-hua;Cao, Jian-guo*
期刊：
European Journal of Pharmacology ,2009年605(1-3):31-35 ISSN：0014-2999
通讯作者：
Cao, Jian-guo
作者机构：
[Wang, Li] Univ S China, Coll Med, Hengyang 421001, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Cao, Jian-guo; Fu, Xiao-hua; Xiang, Hong-lin] Hunan Normal Univ, Coll Med, Changsha 410013, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Zheng, Xing] Univ S China, Inst Pharm & Pharmacol, Hengyang 421001, Hunan, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Cao, Jian-guo] H;Hunan Normal Univ, Coll Med, Changsha 410013, Hunan, Peoples R China.
关键词：
7-Difluoromethyl-5,4′-dimethoxygenistein;Adhesion;Endothelial cell;Inflammation;Monocyte;NF-κB;Oxidative stress
摘要：
7-Difluoromethyl-5,4′-dimethoxygenistein (dFMGEN), prepared by the difluoromethylation and alkylation of genistein, is an active new chemical entity. The effects of dFMGEN on cell adhesion and inflammation were investigated in human umbilical vein endothelial cells, and whether its role involved regulation of NF-κB expression was also studied. Results demonstrated that pretreatment with dFMGEN decreased the adhesion between vascular endothelial cells and monocytes, reduced the release of E-Selectin, ICAM-1, IL-6 and TNF-α in vascular endothelial cells, and down-regulated the expression of NF-κB. Therefore, data suggested that dFMGEN can effectually inhibit the adhesion between vascular endothelial cells and monocytes induced by oxidative stress and inflammatory reaction, and its role is connected with the downregulation of NF-κB. © 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
语种：
英文
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绞股蓝中总黄酮提取及其对脑缺血的保护作用
作者：
刘运美;何军;徐道龙;郑兴
作者机构：
[刘运美; 何军; 徐道龙; 郑兴] 南华大学生命科学与技术学院药学系;[刘运美; 何军; 徐道龙; 郑兴] 南华大学化学化工学院
会议名称：
药学发展前沿论坛及药理学博士论坛
会议时间：
2008-11
会议地点：
中国山西太原
摘要：
<正>绞股蓝又名七叶胆,是葫芦科绞股蓝属植物绞股蓝Gynostemma pentaphylhem (Thunb)Makinor的全草,为多年蔓生草本。主要分布在长江以南地区,尤其是西南地区。中国药典还未收载此品种。绞股蓝具有抑制肿瘤、降低血脂、清热解毒、止咳祛痰等作用。绞股蓝含有多种皂苷、黄酮(芦丁Rutin、槲皮素Quercetin等)、多糖及氨
语种：
中文
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Curcumin inhibits cellular cholesterol accumulation by regulating SREBP-1/caveolin-1 signaling pathway in vascular smooth muscle cells
作者：
Yuan, Hao-yu;Kuang, Shuang-yu;Zheng, Xing;Ling, Hong-yan;Yang, Yun-bo;...
期刊：
中国药理学报 ,2008年29(5):555-563 ISSN：1671-4083
通讯作者：
Liao, Duan-fang
作者机构：
[Li, Kai; Yang, Yun-bo; Liao, Duan-fang; Yan, Peng-ke; Yuan, Hao-yu; Ling, Hong-yan; Kuang, Shuang-yu; Zheng, Xing] Univ S China, Div Pharmacoproteom, Inst Pharm & Pharmacol, Hengyang 421001, Peoples R China.;[Li, Kai] Suzhou Univ, Mol Med Ctr, Suzhou 215004, Peoples R China.;[Li, Kai] Suzhou Univ, Second Affiliated Hosp, Suzhou 215004, Peoples R China.;[Liao, Duan-fang] Univ S China, Res Ctr Life Sci, Hengyang 421001, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Liao, Duan-fang] U;Univ S China, Div Pharmacoproteom, Inst Pharm & Pharmacol, Hengyang 421001, Peoples R China.
关键词：
curcumin;cholesterol accumulation;vascular smooth muscle cells;caveolin-1;sterol response element-binding protein-1
摘要：
Aim: To investigate the protective effect and the possible mechanism of curcumin on anti-atherosclerosis. Methods: Morphological changes of atherosclerotic lesions taken from apoE knockout (apoE-/-) mice were determined by hematoxylin-eosin staining. Intracellular lipid droplets and lipid levels were assayed by oil red O staining and HPLC. The protein expression of caveolin-1 was quantified by Western blotting. Translocation and the expression of sterol response element-binding protein-1 (SREBP-1) were indirectly detected by an immunofluorescence analysis. Results: The administration of 20 mg·kg-1·d-1 curcumin to apoE-/- mice for 4 months induced a 50% reduction of atherosclerotic lesions and yielded a 5-fold increase in the caveolin-1 expression level as compared to the model group. Rat vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) pretreated with 50 mg·L-1 ox-lipid density lipoprotein(ox-LDL) for 48 h increased cellular lipid contents, and stimulated SREBP-1 translocation, but decreased the caveolin-1 expression level. Lipid-loaded cells exposed to curcumin at various concentrations (12.5, 25, and 50 μmol·L1-) for different durations (0, 6, 12, 24, and 48 h) significantly diminished the number and area of cellular lipid droplets, total cholesterol, cholesterol ester, and free cholesterol accompanying the elevation of the caveolin-1 expression level (approximately 3-fold); the translocation of SREBP-1 from the cytoplasm to the nucleus was inhibited compared with the models. Lipid-loaded VSMC exposed to N-acetyl-Leu-Leu-norleucinal, a SREBP-1 protease inhibitor, showed increased nuclear translocation of SREBP-1, reduced caveolin-1 expression level, and upregulated cellular lipid levels. Conclusion: Curcumin inhibits ox-LDL-induced cholesterol accumulation in cultured VSMC through increasing the caveolin-1 expression via the inhibition of nuclear translocation of SREBP-1. © 2008 CPS and SIMM.
语种：
英文
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8-溴-7-甲氧基白杨素诱导人胃癌SGC-7901细胞凋亡
作者：
向红琳;郑兴;曹建国
期刊：
中国药理学通报 ,2008年24(10):1370-1373 ISSN：1001-1978
通讯作者：
Xiang, H.-L.
作者机构：
[向红琳] Medical College, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410006, China;[郑兴] Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Nanhua University, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China;[曹建国] Medical College, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410006, China, Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Nanhua University, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
通讯机构：
[Xiang, H.-L.] M;Medical College, Hunan Normal University, China
关键词：
胃肿瘤;白杨素;8-溴-7-甲氧基白杨素;凋亡
摘要：
目的观察8-溴-7-甲氧基白杨素（8-bromo-7-methoxy—chrysin，BrMChR）诱导人胃癌（SGC-7901）细胞凋亡作用。方法体外培养SGC-7901细胞，MTT法测定细胞存活率；PI染色流式细胞术（FCM）分析细胞凋亡率；DNA琼脂糖凝胶电泳观察梯形条带。结果MTT测定结果显示，BrMChR明显抑制SGC-7901细胞增殖，呈浓度依赖性，其IC_(50)为2．6μmol·L~(-1)，BrMChR的效价强度约是白杨素（ChR，IC_(50)为16．5μmol·L~(-1)）的8倍，约为氟尿嘧啶（5-Fu，IC_(50)为7．7μmol·L~(-1)）的3倍。PI染色FCM分析发现BrMChR（1．25、5．00、20．00μmol·L~(-1)）作用SGC-7901细胞48h的细胞凋亡率分别是19．8％±0．2％，36．8％±1．9％，45．5％±3．5％，BrMChR（1．25μmol·L~(-1)）处理的细胞凋亡率较ChR（20．00μmol·L~(-1)）的凋亡率（12．9％±1．5％）高；DNA琼脂糖凝胶电泳观察BrMChR（20．00μmol·L~(-1)）作用24h和48h后SGC-7901细胞的基因DNA呈现典型梯形条带，且能被PPAR7阻断剂GW9662（10．00μmol·L~(-1)）预孵育减弱。结论BrMChR可能部分通过活化PPARγ,诱导SGC-7901细胞凋亡。
语种：
中文
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含碘白杨素衍生物的合成及其抗癌活性
作者：
赵菲菲;姚旭;黄进;罗星;郑自通;...
作者机构：
[赵菲菲; 姚旭; 黄进; 罗星; 郑自通; 刘运美; 郭玉; 郑兴; 廖端芳] 南华大学药物药理研究所南华大学药学系
会议名称：
药学发展前沿论坛及药理学博士论坛
会议时间：
2008-11
会议地点：
中国山西太原
摘要：
<正>恶性肿瘤即癌症是一类严重威胁人类健康和生命的疾病,从植物中寻找新型高效、低毒、不良反应少的抗癌药物已经成为当今新药研制的热点。白杨素系黄酮类典型代表化合物之一,具有广泛的抗癌活性,因其溶解性差而限制其临床运用。为了寻找高效低毒的抗癌先导化合物,我们合成了一系列含碘白杨素衍生物,并通过MTT实验、BrdU掺入法、软琼脂培养集落形成法、ITC-Annexin V/PI双染色流式细胞术分析等实验探
语种：
中文
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Induction of apoptosis of human gastric carcinoma SGC-7901 cell line by 5, 7-dihydroxy-8-nitrochrysin in vitro
作者：
Ai, Xiao-Hong;Zheng, Xing;Tang, Xiao-Qing;Sun, Li;Zhang, Yang-Qin;...
期刊：
世界胃肠病学杂志：英文版 ,2007年13(28):3824-3828 ISSN：1007-9327
通讯作者：
Cao, Jian-Guo
作者机构：
[Cao, Jian-Guo] Nahua Univ, Inst Pharmacol, Hengyang 421001, Hunan Province, Peoples R China.;Nahua Univ, Affiliated Hosp 1, Dept Oncol, Hengyang 421001, Hunan Province, Peoples R China.;Nahua Univ, Inst Oncol, Hengyang 421001, Hunan Province, Peoples R China.;Cent S Univ, Sch Pharmaceut Sci, Changsha 410078, Hunan Province, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Cao, Jian-Guo] N;Nahua Univ, Inst Pharmacol, Hengyang 421001, Hunan Province, Peoples R China.
关键词：
gastric neoplasm;chrysin;chrysin derivatives;apoptosis;proxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma;Bcl-2;Bax
摘要：
AIM: To investigate the effect of 5, 7-dihydroxy-8-nitrochrysin (NOChR) on apoptosis of human gastric carcinoma SGC-7901 cell line. METHODS: SGC-7901 cells were cultured in vitro and the inhibitory effect of NOChR on proliferation of SGC-7901 cells was measured by using an MTT assay. NOChR-induced apoptosis rate of SGC-7901 cells was detected using flow cytometry (FCM) with PI staining. DNA ladder bands were observed by DNA agarose gel electrophoresis. The influence of NOChR on the proxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPAR gamma), Bcl-2 and Bax protein expression of SGC-7901 cells was analyzed by Western blot. RESULTS: MTT assay showed that NOChR markedly inhibited proliferation of SGC-7901 cells in a dose-dependent manner, and when IC50 was 4.14 mu mol/L, the potency of NOChR was 10 times than that of lead compound, chrysin (ChR, IC50 was 40.56 mu mol/L), and was similar to 5-fluorouracil (5-FU, IC50 was 4.51 mu mol/L). FCM with propidium iodide (PI) staining demonstrated that the apoptosis rates of SGC-7901 cells treated with 1.25, 5.00 and 20.00 mu mol/L NOChR for 48 h were 9.8% +/- 0.2%, 36.8% +/- 1.9% and 45.5% +/- 3.5%, respectively, and were significantly higher when treated with 5.00 and 20.00 mu mol/L NOChR than that with 20.00 mu mol/L ChR (12.9% +/- 1.5%). DNA agarose gel electrophoresis showed that treatment of SGC-7901 cells with 20.00 mu mol/L NOChR for 48 h resulted in typical DNA ladder bands of DNA of SGC-7901 cells, which could be eliminated by treating with 10.00 mu mol/L GW9662, a blocker of PPAR gamma. Western blot analysis revealed that after 24 h of treatment with 20.00 mu mol/L NOChR, PPARgamma and Bax protein expression of SGC-7901 cells increased but Bcl-2 expression decreased; however, pre-incubation with 10.00 mu mol/L GW9662 could efficiently antagonize and weaken the regulatory effect of 20.00 mu mol/L NOChR on Bax and Bcl-2 protein expression of SGC-7901 cells. CONCLUSION: NOChR induces apoptosis of SGC-7901 cell lines by activating PPAR gamma and decreasing ratio of Bcl-2 to Bax. (c) 2007 WJG. All rights reserved.
语种：
英文
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A new steroid from Selaginella pulvinata
作者：
Zheng, Xing* ;Du, Jiang;Xu, Yunlong;Zhu, Bingyang;Liao, Duanfang
期刊：
Fitoterapia ,2007年78(7-8):598-599 ISSN：1971-551X
通讯作者：
Zheng, Xing
作者机构：
[Zheng, Xing] Nanhua Univ, Inst Pharm & Pharmacol, Hengyang 421001, Peoples R China.;Yunnan Univ, Dept Appl Chem, Kunming 650091, Peoples R China.;Chinese Acad Sci, Kunming Inst Bot, State Key Lab Phytochem & Plant Resources W China, Kunming 650204, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Zheng, Xing] N;Nanhua Univ, Inst Pharm & Pharmacol, Hengyang 421001, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Selaginella pulvinata;Spectral analysis;Steroids
摘要：
A new steroid, 3β, 16α-dihydroxy-(5α)-cholestan-21-oic acid, was isolated from the aerial parts of Selaginella pulvinata. Its structure was elucidated on the basis of spectral analysis. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
语种：
英文
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Synthesis and anticancer effect of gem-difluoromethylenated chrysin derivatives
作者：
Zheng, Xing* ;Cao, Jian Guo;Liao, Duan Fang;Zhu, Bing Yang;Liu, Hui Ting
期刊：
中国化学快报：英文版 ,2006年17(11):1439-1442 ISSN：1001-8417
通讯作者：
Zheng, Xing
作者机构：
[Zheng, Xing] Nanhua Univ, Inst Pharm & Pharmacol, Hengyang 421001, Peoples R China.;Nanhua Univ, Inst Canc Res, Hengyang 421001, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Zheng, Xing] N;Nanhua Univ, Inst Pharm & Pharmacol, Hengyang 421001, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Anticancer activity;Chrysin;Gem-difluoromethylenated
摘要：
Ten gem-difluoromethylenated chrysin derivatives were prepared and their anticancer activities in vitro were evaluated by the standard MTT method. The results of biological test showed that some of gem-difluoromethylenated chrysin derivatives had higher anticancer activity than chrysin.
语种：
英文
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栗柄金粉蕨粗提物对家兔急性敌百虫中毒的解救作用
作者：
徐阳炎;郑兴;朱炳阳;黄红林
期刊：
中南医学科学杂志 ,2002年30(3):224-225+234 ISSN：2095-1116
作者机构：
[黄红林; 徐阳炎; 朱炳阳] 南华大学;[郑兴] 东华大学
关键词：
栗柄金粉蕨;敌百虫中毒;碘解磷定;动物模型
摘要：
目的研究栗柄金粉蕨粗提物(LM)对敌百虫中毒的解救作用.方法用敌百虫灌胃家兔造成中毒模型(共20只),随机分为4组,每组5只,A组应用生理盐水,B组应用LM,C组应用PAM-I,D组应用LM+PAM-I,上述4组均耳缘静脉静注给药.观察兔死亡时间(至用药后26 h).结果用药26 h内,A组5只全部死亡,B组存活1只,C组、D组各存活3只,C、D两组存活家兔发生反跳及反跳持续时间分别为1 h、2 h及3～6 h、1～2 h.结论栗柄金粉蕨乙醇粗提物可明显解除肌颤,改善呼吸;与碘解磷定合用可大幅度减少反跳现象的发生并减轻其程度.
语种：
中文
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栗柄金粉蕨的黄酮成分
作者：
郑兴;余麟;谢志忠;陈凯;王蓉蓉;...
期刊：
天然产物研究与开发 ,2000年12(5):42-45 ISSN：1001-6880
作者机构：
衡阳医学院药物学系;[许云龙] 中国科学院昆明植物研究所;[郑兴; 陈凯; 王蓉蓉; 余麟; 谢志忠] 衡阳医学院
关键词：
栗柄金粉蕨;黄酮
摘要：
从湖南省江华瑶族自治县产的栗柄金粉蕨 （ Onychium lucidum）的地上部分分离得到 4个黄酮化合物 ,经光谱鉴定为 :木犀草素 - 7-葡糖甙 （ 1） ,3,7-二甲氧基槲皮黄素（ 2 ） ,槲皮黄素 - 3-葡糖甙 （ 3）和金粉蕨素 （ 4 ） ,均为首次从该植物中获得。
语种：
中文
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改革实验教学是提高办学效益的重要途径之一
作者：
黄红林;廖端芳;郑兴;谢志忠;朱炳阳
期刊：
湖南师范大学学报(医学版) ,2000年2(3):54-55+73 ISSN：1673-016X
作者机构：
南华大学药理教研室,衡阳市,421001;[郑兴; 黄红林; 廖端芳; 朱炳阳; 谢志忠] 南华大学
摘要：
社会主义市场经济体制的建立要求高校在保证教学质量、扩大办学规模、加强学科建设的同时提高办学效益.提高办学效益就是要花较少的钱,培养出同样合格的人才,并使教学质量逐步提高;或花同样多的钱,培养出更多的合格人才.
语种：
中文
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