作者： Liu, Li;Deng, Xiangyuan;Liao, Yun;Xiao, Detao;Wang, Meng*

期刊： Materials Letters,2021年285:129177 ISSN：0167-577X

通讯作者： Wang, Meng

作者机构： [Liu, Li; Xiao, Detao; Deng, Xiangyuan; Wang, Meng] Univ South China, Sch Nucl Sci & Technol, Hengyang 421001, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Liao, Yun] Univ South China, Sch Chem & Chem Engn, Hengyang 421001, Hunan, Peoples R China.

通讯机构： [Wang, Meng] U;Univ South China, Sch Nucl Sci & Technol, Hengyang 421001, Hunan, Peoples R China.

关键词： Adsorption;Microporosity;Radon;Adsorption capacities;Adsorption coefficients;Adsorption-desorption cycles;Hierarchical porous;Macropores;Meso-pores;Nano-attapulgite;Regeneration performance;Activated carbon

摘要： In order to improve the radon adsorption capacity of activated carbon (AC), one-dimensional nano attapulgite (AT) was filled into the macropores and mesopores of activated carbon, and sintered to prepare activated carbon/attapulgite (AC/AT) composites with more abundant micropores. The effect of AT on the structure and radon adsorption capacity of activated carbon was studied in detail. The results show that AT can easily diffuse into the macropores and mesopores of activated carbon to form a new hierarchical porous network, which significantly increases the specific surface area and proportion of micropores of activated carbon. The as-prepared AC/AT composites exhibit excellent radon adsorption and regeneration performance. With the filling content of AT ranging from 0 to 3%, the radon adsorption coefficient increases from 4.28 L/g to 5.35 L/g, and maintains 92.7% of its initial value after 5 adsorption-desorption cycles. © 2020 Elsevier B.V.

语种： 英文

作者： 王中旺;肖德涛;邓湘元;罗诗慧;过灵飞

期刊： 原子能科学技术,2021年55(2):377-384 ISSN：1000-6931

通讯作者： Xiao, Detao(13307478601@189.cn)

作者机构： [王中旺; 肖德涛; 邓湘元; 罗诗慧; 过灵飞] Radon Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory, School of Nuclear Science and Technology, University of South China, Hengyang;421001, China;[王中旺; 肖德涛; 邓湘元; 罗诗慧; 过灵飞] 421001, China

关键词： 活性炭;液氮;改性;静态平衡法;吸附系数

摘要： 优质椰壳活性炭被广泛用作氡、碘等气载放射性的吸附材料。为提高其吸氡能力,本文采用液氮浸泡、液氮浸泡与蒸发并行和低温氮气冲洗的活性炭改性方法,分别对优质椰壳活性炭进行了改性研究,并改进了静态法测量材料对氡的吸附系数的计算方法。结果表明,连续液氮浸泡与蒸发对活性炭改性的效果最好,改性活性炭对氡的吸附系数随连续液氮浸泡与蒸发次数的增加呈先增大后减小的规律,连续改性4次的改性效果最佳,改性活性炭的吸附系数提高了36%;液氮浸泡对活性炭改性也有一定效果,改性活性炭对氡的吸附系数最大可提高15%;低温氮气冲洗对活性炭改性没有效果。活性炭改性前后样品的BET表征结果表明,改性活性炭对氡的吸附能力的提高与0.54 nm孔径的微孔比表面积增加有明显的正相关性。该方法具有改性工艺简单、周期短、成本较低等优点。

语种： 中文

作者： Sun, Changhao;Wang, Yunxiang;Zhang, Lei*;Guo, Qiuju;Liang, Juncheng;...

期刊： JOURNAL OF RADIOLOGICAL PROTECTION,2020年40(3):727-739 ISSN：0952-4746

通讯作者： Zhang, Lei

作者机构： [Xiao, Detao; Sun, Changhao] Univ South China, Sch Nucl Sci & Technol, Hengyang 421001, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Wang, Shanqiang; Zhang, Lei] State Key Lab NBC Protect Civilian, Beijing 102205, Peoples R China.;[Wang, Yunxiang; Guo, Qiuju] Peking Univ, State Key Lab Nucl Phys & Technol, Sch Phys, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China.;[Liang, Juncheng] Natl Inst Metrol, Div Ionising Radiat Metrol, Beijing 100029, Peoples R China.

通讯机构： [Zhang, Lei] S;State Key Lab NBC Protect Civilian, Beijing 102205, Peoples R China.

关键词： Aerosols;Quality control;Accurate measurement;Aerosol concentration;Collection efficiency;Comparison measurement;Equilibrium equivalent concentration;Real environments;Thoron progeny;Unattached Fraction;Radon

摘要： Accurate measurement of unattached radon progeny is important for dose evaluation of radon exposure. For quality control of field surveys, a series of comparison measurements were carried out using three commercial unattached radon progeny monitors in real environments as well as in a radon chamber. The results show that the radon equilibrium equivalent concentrations (EECs) of different monitors agree very well, mostly within ±3.0% where there is no thoron progeny interference in the radon chamber. However, the unattached fraction of radon progeny is not so consistent, and the relative difference is 3.3% ∼ 39.5% in different environments. The unattached fraction of radon progeny is affected by aerosol concentration. Anomalously high unattached fraction was found in the environment with extremely high humidity and low aerosol concentration. For accurate measurement of unattached radon progeny, specific attention should be paid to the collection efficiency of unattached radon progeny and the interference of attached radon progeny on a wire screen. © 2020 Society for Radiological Protection. Published on behalf of SRP by IOP Publishing Limited. All rights reserved.

语种： 英文

作者： Wang, Hai;Ni, Youyi;Zheng, Jian*;Huang, Zhaoya;Xiao, Detao*;...

期刊： Analytica Chimica Acta,2019年1050:71-79 ISSN：0003-2670

通讯作者： Xiao, Detao;Zheng, Jian

作者机构： [Xiao, Detao; Wang, Hai] Univ South China, Sch Nucl Sci & Technol, Hengyang 421001, Peoples R China.;[Huang, Zhaoya; Aono, Tatsuo; Wang, Hai; Zheng, Jian; Ni, Youyi] Natl Inst Quantum & Radiol Sci & Technol, Natl Inst Radiol Sci, Inage Ku, 491 Anagawa, Chiba 2638555, Japan.;[Ni, Youyi] Peking Univ, Sch Phys, State Key Lab Nucl Phys & Technol, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China.

通讯机构： [Xiao, Detao] U;[Zheng, Jian] N;Univ South China, Sch Nucl Sci & Technol, Hengyang 421001, Peoples R China.;Natl Inst Quantum & Radiol Sci & Technol, Natl Inst Radiol Sci, Inage Ku, 491 Anagawa, Chiba 2638555, Japan.

关键词： Ammonium bifluoride;Ammonium bisulfate;Fusion;Hot plate;Plutonium;Refractory fraction

摘要： Two fusion methods were established for rapid determination of Pu in soil and sediment samples. The methods consisted of NH4HSO4 or NH4HF2 fusion procedures incorporated with procedures for CaF2/LaF3 co-precipitation, extraction chromatography and SF-ICP-MS measurement. The fusion procedures were done on a portable hot plate instead of in a cumbersome muffle furnace and took only 15min heating-up time from room temperature to 250 degrees C and 15min fusion time at 250 degrees C. Chemical recoveries of Pu after completing the NH4HSO4 and NH4HF2 fusion methods for 0.5-1g sample were approximately 70% and more than 90%, respectively, and decreased with the increase of sample weight from 0.5g to 5g. Sediment samples were pre-ignited at different temperatures ranging from 450 degrees C to 1000 degrees C to form refractory fractions of Pu, with which the dissolution rates of Pu by the NH4HSO4 and NH4HF2 fusion were investigated. With the increase of pre-ignition temperature of the sediment samples, the dissolution rates of Pu from the samples prepared by NH4HSO4 fusion declined dramatically from near 100% for 450 degrees C to 8% for 1000 degrees C. In contrast, the NH4HF2 fusion was capable of completely releasing Pu from samples that were pre-ignited at temperatures over 450 degrees C to 1000 degrees C, which was comparable to releases obtained by the hazardous and time-consuming HNO3-HF digestion, and was superior to the conventional HNO3 digestion. Additionally, because HF is not used in any procedure of the NH4HF2 fusion, a safer and greener alternative to NH4HSO4 fusion and HNO3-HF digestion is realized for rapid Pu determination in environmental samples for nuclear emergency response and application in environmental studies.

语种： 英文

作者： Wei, Nannan;Xu, Zhiyou;Liu, Junwen;Wang, Guanghua;Liu, Wei;...

期刊： 环境科学学报(英文版),2019年82(08):155-168 ISSN：1001-0742

通讯作者： Xiao, Detao;Yao, Jian

作者机构： [Xiao, Detao; Xu, Zhiyou; Wei, Nannan] Univ South China, Sch Nucl Sci & Technol, Hengyang 421001, Peoples R China.;[Wang, Guanghua; Liu, Wei; Wei, Nannan; Yao, Jian] Chinese Acad Sci, Shanghai Inst Appl Phys, Dept Nucl Reactor Engn, Shanghai 201800, Peoples R China.;[Liu, Junwen] Jinan Univ, Inst Environm & Climate Res, Guangzhou 510632, Guangdong, Peoples R China.;[Zhuoga, Deqing] Meteorol Serv Ctr Tibet Autonomous Reg Meteorol, Lhasa 850000, Peoples R China.

通讯机构： [Xiao, Detao] U;[Yao, Jian] C;Univ South China, Sch Nucl Sci & Technol, Hengyang 421001, Peoples R China.;Chinese Acad Sci, Shanghai Inst Appl Phys, Dept Nucl Reactor Engn, Shanghai 201800, Peoples R China.

关键词： Air quality;Alkalinity;Atmospheric aerosols;Atmospheric chemistry;Atmospheric thermodynamics;Chemical analysis;Ions;Light transmission;Particle size;Photochemical reactions;Principal component analysis;Quality control;Size distribution;Backward trajectory;Backward trajectory analysis;Bimodal distribution;Different particle sizes;Long distance transmission;Physical and chemical characteristics;Size-separated aerosols;Water-soluble ions;Particle size analysis;aerosol;air quality;anion;cation;ion;monsoon;particle size;principal component analysis;size distribution;China;Lhasa;Qinghai-Xizang Plateau;Xizang;rain;aerosol;air pollutant;analysis;chemistry;environmental monitoring;particulate matter;season;solubility;Tibet;Aerosols;Air Pollutants;Environmental Monitoring;Particulate Matter;Rain;Seasons;Solubility;Tibet

摘要： To understand the physical and chemical characteristics, particle size distribution and sources of size-separated aerosols in Lhasa, which is located on the Tibetan Plateau (TP), six sizes of aerosol samples were collected in Lhasa in 2014. Ca 2+ , NH 4 + , NO 3 − , SO 4 2− and Cl − were the dominant ions. The ratio of cation equivalents (CE) to anion equivalents (AE) for each particle size segment indicated that the atmospheric aerosols in Lhasa were alkaline. SO 4 2− and NO 3 − could be neutralized by Ca 2+ , but could not be neutralized by NH 4 + , according to the [NH 4 + ]/[NO 3 − + SO 4 2− ] and [Ca 2+ ]/[NO 3 − + SO 4 2− ] ratios. Mobile sources were dominant in PM 0.95–1.5 , PM 1.5–3 and PM 3–7.2 , while stationary sources were dominant in the other three size fractions according to the [NO 3 − ]/[SO 4 2− ] ratios. The particle size distribution of all water-soluble ions during monsoon and non-monsoon periods was characterized by a bimodal distribution due to the different sources and formation mechanisms, and it was revealed that different ions had different sources in different seasons and different particle size segments by combining particle size distribution with correlation analysis. Source analysis of aerosols in Lhasa was performed using the Principal component analysis (PCA) for the first time, which revealed that combustion sources, motor vehicle exhaust, photochemical reaction sources and various types of dust were the main sources of Lhasa aerosols. Furthermore, Lhasa's air quality was also affected by long-distance transmission, expressed as pollutants from South Asia and West Asia, which were transmitted to Lhasa according to backward trajectory analysis. © 2019

语种： 英文

作者： 邹益晟;肖德涛;张伟华;王志强;刘毅娜;...

期刊： 辐射防护,2019年39(4):280-286 ISSN：1000-8187

作者机构： [肖德涛; 邹益晟] 南华大学核科学技术学院,湖南衡阳,421000;中国原子能科学研究院计量测试部,北京,102413;[王志强; 刘毅娜; 李春娟; 张伟华] 中国原子能科学研究院

关键词： 单球中子谱仪;蒙特卡罗模拟;6Li-7Li闪烁体探测器;能量响应;解谱

摘要： 本文阐述了单球中子谱仪的原理,介绍了基于单慢化球和19对6Li-7Li闪烁体探测器构成的单球中子谱仪的结构及解谱方法,使用蒙特卡罗中子榆运程序模拟了单球中子谱仪的中子响应函数.计算结果表明,该谱仪具有较好的空间对称性,能根据谱仪中各探测器的计数对源的大致方位进行判断;模拟了单球谱仪在241 Am-Be源照射下各探测器的计数,使用Unfolding with Maxed and Gravel (UMG)解谱程序在不同解谱算法以及初始谱的情况下对模拟数据进行解谱计算,在使用最大熵散发以及与源项相同的预置谱的情况下,解谱结果最为准确,验证了响应函数的准确性.

语种： 中文

作者： 周梓丹;肖德涛;肖拥军;孙昌昊;宋时雨;...

期刊： 辐射防护,2019年39(3):202-206 ISSN：1000-8187

作者机构： [周梓丹; 肖德涛; 肖拥军; 孙昌昊; 宋时雨; 王郦彬; 李伟伟] 南华大学核科学技术学院, 湖南, 衡阳, 421001

关键词： 车江铜矿;室外氡;氡析出率

摘要： 原环保部2014年对湖南衡阳272尾矿库及周边进行了航测,意外发现在尾矿库西南方向、湘江上游附近有一辐射水平异常区域,后经调查该地区为车江铜矿地区。为了调查车江铜矿这一非铀矿山及其周边的氡活度浓度水平与氡的来源,采用了固体核径迹法与活性炭盒法对其氡活度浓度和氡析出率展开测量,并将氡析出率连续测量与活性炭盒法所测氡析出率结果进行对比分析。调查发现,该区域所有取样点位冬季和夏季氡活度浓度测量结果平均值分别为31.0 Bq·m~(-3)和22.9 Bq·m~(-3);从区域分布上来看最高的均为农田区,其次为原采矿区。土壤氡析出率测量结果最高的同样为农田区,但是均远低于铀尾矿的氡析出率限值0.74 Bq·m~(-2)·s~(-1)。氡活度浓度日变化趋势与氡析出率的日变化趋势较为一致。上述结果表明车江铜矿地区的室外氡活度浓度较高与其土壤氡的析出有关。

语种： 中文

作者： Wei, Nannan;Ma, Chulei;Liu, Junwen;Wang, Guanghua;Liu, Wei;...

期刊： Atmosphere,2019年10(3):157- ISSN：2073-4433

通讯作者： Xiao, Detao;Yao, Jian

作者机构： [Xiao, Detao; Wei, Nannan; Ma, Chulei] Univ South China, Sch Nucl Sci & Technol, Hengyang 421001, Peoples R China.;[Wang, Guanghua; Liu, Wei; Wei, Nannan; Yao, Jian] Chinese Acad Sci, Shanghai Inst Appl Phys, Dept Nucl Reactor Engn, Shanghai 201800, Peoples R China.;[Liu, Junwen] Jinan Univ, Inst Environm & Climate Res, Guangzhou 510632, Guangdong, Peoples R China.;[Zhuoga, Deqing] Tibet Autonomous Reg Meteorol Bur, Meteorol Serv Ctr, Lhasa 850000, Peoples R China.

通讯机构： [Xiao, Detao] U;[Yao, Jian] C;Univ South China, Sch Nucl Sci & Technol, Hengyang 421001, Peoples R China.;Chinese Acad Sci, Shanghai Inst Appl Phys, Dept Nucl Reactor Engn, Shanghai 201800, Peoples R China.

关键词： Aerosols;Air quality;Atmospheric thermodynamics;Fossil fuels;Organic carbon;Particle size;Photochemical forming;Size distribution;Atmospheric particulate matter;Bimodal size distribution;Carbonaceous components;Elemental carbon;Incomplete combustion;Photochemical transformations;Unimodal size distribution;Water-soluble organic carbon;Particle size analysis;aerosol composition;air quality;biomass burning;concentration (composition);fossil fuel;monsoon;organic carbon;particle size;seasonal variation;size distribution;China;Lhasa;Qinghai-Xizang Plateau;Xizang;Bos grunniens

摘要： In this paper, we intensively collected atmospheric particulate matter (PM) with different diameters (size ranges: <0.49, 0.49-0.95, 0.95-1.5, 1.5-3.0, 3.0-7.2, and >7.2 μm) in Lhasa during the monsoon and non-monsoon seasons. The results clearly showed that the concentrations of PM, organic carbon (OC), elemental carbon (EC), and water-soluble organic carbon (WSOC) during the non-monsoon season were much higher than the concentrations during the monsoon season. During the monsoon season, a bimodal size distribution of the OC and WSOC, which were at <0.49 μm and >7.2 μm, respectively, and a unimodal size distribution at <0.49 μm for the EC were observed. However, during the non-monsoon season, there was a trimodal size distribution of the OC and WSOC (<0.49 μm, 1.5-3.0 μm, and >7.2 μm), and a unimodal size distribution of the EC (<0.49 μm). Possible sources of the carbonaceous components were revealed by combining the particle size distribution and the correlation analysis. OC, EC, and WSOC were likely from the photochemical transformation of biogenic and anthropogenic VOC, and the incomplete combustion of biomass burning and fossil fuels at <0.49 μm, whilst they were also likely to be from various types of dust and biogenic aerosols at >7.2 μm. OC and WSOC at 1.5-3.0 μm were likely to have been from the burning of yak dung and photochemical formation. The above results may draw attention in the public and scientific communities to the issues of air quality in the Tibetan Plateau. © 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.

语种： 英文

作者： Zhou, Qingzhi*;Liu, Senlin;Xu, Lechang;Zhang, Hui;Xiao, Detao;...

期刊： Journal of Environmental Radioactivity,2019年198:18-26 ISSN：0265-931X

通讯作者： Zhou, Qingzhi

作者机构： [Zhou, Qingzhi; Xiao, Detao] Univ South China, Sch Nucl Sci & Technol, 28 Changshengxi Rd, Hengyang 421001, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Zhou, Qingzhi; Liu, Senlin] CNNC, China Inst Atom Energy, Beijing 102413, Peoples R China.;[Zhang, Hui; Xu, Lechang] CNNC, Beijing Res Inst Chem Engn & Met, 145 Jiukeshu Rd, Beijing 1011494, Peoples R China.;[Deng, Jun] Chinese Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Inst Radiol Protect, 2 Xinkang St, Beijing 100088, Peoples R China.;[Pan, Zigiang] CNNC, Comm Sci & Technol, 1 Nansan Lane Sanlihe St, Beijing 100822, Peoples R China.

通讯机构： [Zhou, Qingzhi] U;Univ South China, Sch Nucl Sci & Technol, 28 Changshengxi Rd, Hengyang 421001, Hunan, Peoples R China.

关键词： Mine ventilation;Mining;Radon;Uranium;Uranium mines;Distribution characteristics;Integration method;Long term monitoring;Radon concentrations;Release rate;Research results;Underground ventilation;Ventilation shafts;Mine shafts;radon;radon;uranium;airflow;concentration (composition);environmental monitoring;estimation method;long-term change;mine;radon;spatial distribution;underground construction;uranium;ventilation;air conditioning;airflow;Article;China;concentration (parameters);flow rate;humidity;mathematical model;physical model;solid state;uranium mine;air conditioning;air pollutant;analysis;atmosphere;chemistry;mining;radiation monitoring;China;Air Pollutants, Radioactive;Atmosphere;China;Mining;Radiation Monitoring;Radon;Uranium;Ventilation

摘要： Radon, known to be a human carcinogen, is one of the most concerned radionuclides in uranium mining which need to be monitored and controlled. A large amount of radon is discharged to the atmosphere mainly through underground ventilation shafts for underground uranium mining. There are many studies on radon release of uranium mine, but the differences of the measured radon results are very big. In this paper, a typical underground uranium mine in China is chosen as a case study. This study finds that distribution of radon concentration and airflow speed inside the ventilation shaft are extremely uneven, but the distributions are respectively stable and regular for a fixed cross-section at the wellhead depth of 0–1 m. There is also a stable numerical relationship between the radon release rate and the product of radon concentration and airflow speed at the center for any cross-section in the shaft. Based on this regulation, a multipoint interpolation-integration method and a one-point method for calculating radon release from underground ventilation shaft are proposed in this paper. The results show that the difference between these two methods is 2–10%, the one-point method is more suitable and convenient to be applied for the long-term monitoring radon release rate from uranium mine ventilation. The research results in this paper can be applied in the estimation of radon release rate for other underground uranium ventilation shafts. © 2018 Elsevier Ltd

语种： 英文

作者： Wei, Nannan;Xu, Zhiyou;Wang, Guanghua;Liu, Wei;Zhouga, Deqing;...

期刊： Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry,2019年321(2):383-389 ISSN：0236-5731

通讯作者： Xiao, Detao;Yao, Jian

作者机构： [Xiao, Detao; Xu, Zhiyou; Wei, Nannan] Univ South China, Sch Nucl Sci & Technol, Hengyang 421001, Peoples R China.;[Wang, Guanghua; Liu, Wei; Wei, Nannan; Yao, Jian] Chinese Acad Sci, Shanghai Inst Appl Phys, Dept Nucl Reactor Engn, Shanghai 201800, Peoples R China.;[Zhouga, Deqing] Tibet Autonomous Reg Meteorol Bur, Meteorol Serv Ctr, Lhasa 850000, Peoples R China.

通讯机构： [Xiao, Detao] U;[Yao, Jian] C;Univ South China, Sch Nucl Sci & Technol, Hengyang 421001, Peoples R China.;Chinese Acad Sci, Shanghai Inst Appl Phys, Dept Nucl Reactor Engn, Shanghai 201800, Peoples R China.

关键词： carbon 13;carbon 14;coal;fuel;organic carbon;air and air related phenomena;Article;biomass;carbonaceous aerosol;China;controlled study;environmental policy;environmental protection;fossil;geographic distribution;haze;particle size;particulate matter;pollution and pollution related phenomena;source apportionment;spatial analysis

摘要： We present dual carbon isotope constrained (δ13C and Δ14C) source apportionment of organic carbon and elemental carbon in fine particulate matter (PM2.5) for five districts of Shanghai during the winter of 2013. The results show that spatial variations of the three source (biomass, liquid fossil fuel, and coal) apportionment of carbonaceous aerosol among different districts were evident. Overall, coal combustion, liquid fossil fuel combustion and biomass burning are the most important carbonaceous aerosols source in Pudong, Xuhui and Chongming, respectively. The results suggest that environmental protection policies should vary according to the functional areas of different sources in the same city. © 2019, Akadémiai Kiadó, Budapest, Hungary.

语种： 英文

作者： 宋英明;袁微微;罗文;肖德涛

期刊： 教育现代化,2019年(34):1-2 ISSN：2095-8420

作者机构： 1. 南华大学核科学技术学院;2. 南华大学人力资源处

关键词： 核专业;科研育人;培养实践

摘要： 在科研育人理念的指导下,南华大学核专业本科生的科研育人实践,通过"顶天立地"的科研活动拓展学生的前沿视野,使学生的科研素质、创造能力、创新意识得到提升,使核工业人的情怀意识和奉献精神得到传承。学生通过开展研究式学习,达到了汲取知识、磨炼意志、锻造品格的目的,在未来的职业发展中具有更强的竞争优势。

语种： 中文

作者： Zhou, Qingzhi*;Zhao, Guizhi;Xiao, Detao;Qiu, Shoukang;Lei, Qian;...

期刊： Radiation Measurements,2018年119:112-120 ISSN：1350-4487

通讯作者： Zhou, Qingzhi

作者机构： [Zhou, Qingzhi; Qiu, Shoukang; Zhao, Guizhi; Xiao, Detao] Univ South China, Sch Nucl Sci & Technol, 28 Changshengxi Rd, Hengyang 421001, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Zhou, Qingzhi; Kearfott, Kimberlee J.] Univ Michigan, Dept Nucl Engn & Radiol Sci, Radiol Hlth Engn Lab, 2355 Bonisteel Blvd, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.;[Lei, Qian] Univ Michigan, Coll Engn, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, 2300 Hayward St, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.

通讯机构： [Zhou, Qingzhi] U;Univ South China, Sch Nucl Sci & Technol, 28 Changshengxi Rd, Hengyang 421001, Hunan, Peoples R China.

关键词： Activated charcoal;Radon removal efficiency (eta);Mitigation characteristics

摘要： Activated charcoal was widely used in radon researches and mitigation applications because of good adsorption ability. In the paper, a simple model that can predict radon removal efficiency (η) for radon mitigation applications using flow-through activated charcoal system was developed based on the previous works. Experiments were conducted with a flow-through activated charcoal system to validate the model and study the influence of factors on η. The experimental results of η are consistent with the theory to within 4% at the flow rates of 1–3 L/min, but range from 2% to 14% at the flow rates of 4–5 L/min. The equilibrium time of radon linearly decreases with rising flow rate, and η decreases with rising flow rate. With moisture competing with radon for adsorption sites on the activated charcoal, radon reaches the equilibrium concentration more quickly than moisture does. As relative humidity increases, η decreases, but the radon equilibrium concentration increases. The values of η are bigger for those smaller particle sizes with the same type of activated charcoal. The results of this paper are useful for designing activated charcoal systems at indoor environmental conditions and predicting η for radon mitigation applications. © 2018 Elsevier Ltd

语种： 英文

作者： 宋英明;袁微微;罗文;肖德涛

期刊： 教育教学论坛,2018年(42):157-158 ISSN：1674-9324

作者机构： 南华大学 核科学技术学院,湖南 衡阳,421001;南华大学 人力资源处,湖南 衡阳,421001;[罗文; 肖德涛; 袁微微; 宋英明] 南华大学

关键词： 工程教育认证;核工程与核技术;能力培养

摘要： 对照工程教育认证的要求,本文提出了南华大学核工程与核技术专业本科生需要培养应用数学、自然科学和工程知识的能力,设计与开展实验的能力,系统理解并解决工程问题的能力,使用现代工具的能力,适应社会、环境可持续发展的能力,团队协作能力,沟通和管理能力,学习能力等,并对实现学生能力培养目标的教学设计、教学方式以及考核标准等进行了探讨。

语种： 中文

作者： 刘攀;单健;肖德涛;肖峰;王环宇;...

期刊： 核电子学与探测技术,2018年38(1):43-48and59 ISSN：0258-0934

通讯作者： Shan, J.

作者机构： 南华大学 核科学技术学院,湖南 衡阳,421001;[杨桧; 苏家豪; 刘攀; 肖德涛; 王环宇; 肖峰; 单健] 南华大学

通讯机构： Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology, University of South China, Hengyang, China

关键词： 衡阳;比活度

摘要： 对湘江衡阳段四条主要支流及湘江上游一退役铜矿水环境中226 Ra、210 Pb、210 Po进行了研究分析.结果表明,样品对应的衡阳地区湘江四大支流226 Ra、210 Pb、210 Po比活度范围分别为4.8～43.3 mBq/L、9.6～26.5 mBq/L和1～5 mBq/L,其中舂陵水、蒸水样点值偏高,丰水期测量值普遍高于枯水期;退役铜矿区域水环境中226 Ra、210 Pb和210 Po比活度范围分别为3～68.5 mBq/L、17～33.6 mBq/L、2.3～8.8 mBq/L,尾矿渗出水经小溪和小河稀释后,与湘江值相当.所测水域中,总体210 Pb相对226 Ra呈现出过剩现象;210 Po/210 Pb比值范围为0.098～0.283,与雨水中比值相符.

语种： 中文

作者： 宋英明;刘子朋;卢川;陈心润;肖德涛;...

期刊： 核电子学与探测技术,2018年38(1):95-99 ISSN：0258-0934

作者机构： 南华大学核科学技术学院,湖南 衡阳,421001;中国核动力研究设计院核反应堆系统设计技术国家重点实验室,成都,610213;[卢川] 中国核动力研究设计院;[肖德涛; 杨钧翔; 宋英明; 刘子朋; 陈心润; 张宇; 孙正] 南华大学

关键词： 核应急;放射性气体扩散;烟团模型;辐射剂量

摘要： 利用修正的高斯烟团模型来简化早期核事故扩散问题,将修正后结果与CALPUFF软件模拟结果对比分析,误差在可接受范围内。根据放射性气体扩散模拟及辐射剂量计算,开发了可视化操作界面,给定初始参数便可简单快速计算得到放射性扩散核素浓度随时间分布以及辐射剂量影响,可为核事故应急预案制备提供依据。

语种： 中文

作者： 李雨霏;肖德涛;丘寿康;何正忠;吕丽丹

期刊： 核电子学与探测技术,2018年38(2):304-308 ISSN：0258-0934

通讯作者： Xiao, D.T.

作者机构： 南华大学核科学技术学院,湖南 衡阳,421001;[肖德涛; 丘寿康; 何正忠; 李雨霏; 吕丽丹] 南华大学

通讯机构： School of Nuclear Science and Technology, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China

关键词： 便携式连续测氡仪;220Rn活度浓度;内腔灵敏度;相对灵敏度

摘要： 为实现便携式连续测氡仪准确测量^220Rn活度浓度,采用不同活度的流气式固体^220Rn源对便携式连续测氡仪测^220Rn的内腔灵敏度和相对灵敏度在不同采样流率下进行了刻度。研究表明：便携式连续测氡仪测^220Rn的内腔灵敏度与采样流率和源的活度总体趋势上是不相关的,其均值为（5.595±0.649）×10^-3（Bq·m^-3）·min^-1;便携式连续测氡仪测^220Rn的相对灵敏度随采样流率的增加呈上升趋势,且上升趋势逐步变缓。

语种： 中文

作者： 肖峰;肖德涛;丘寿康;刘攀;苏家豪;...

期刊： 辐射防护,2018年38(3):206-211 ISSN：1000-8187

作者机构： [肖峰; 肖德涛; 丘寿康; 刘攀; 苏家豪; 王环宇] 南华大学核科学技术学院, 氡湖南省重点实验室, 湖南, 衡阳, 421001

关键词： 湘江;衡阳;天然放射性核素

摘要： 为了掌握湘江衡阳段天然放射性核素水平及来源,分别于枯水期(11—12月) 、丰水期(4—6月),对湘江衡阳段和该段4条主要支流(舂陵水、蒸水、耒水、洣水)水中的U、Th、~(226)Ra、~(40)K、~(210)Po、~(210)Pb 6种天然放射性元素/核素进行了调查。测量结果表明:与长江水系及洞庭湖水系历年放射性水平均值相比,湘江衡阳段6种天然放射性核素中~(226)Ra、~(210)Po、~(210)Pb明显偏高,说明湘江衡阳段的确受到了放射性污染。4条支流中,舂陵水及蒸水放射性核素浓度异常,明显高于汇入前后的湘江水体的放射性活度浓度。因此,这两条支流区域可能存在放射性污染源头,应对这两条支流区域进行更深入的取样调查,找出其污染源。

语种： 中文

作者： 黄成;何正忠;肖德涛;丘寿康;单健

期刊： 原子能科学技术,2018年52(3):570-576 ISSN：1000-6931

通讯作者： Xiao, Detao(13307478601@189.cn)

作者机构： [黄成; 何正忠; 肖德涛; 丘寿康; Shan, Jian] Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Radon, School of Nuclear Science and Technology, University of South China, Hengyang;421001, China;[黄成; 何正忠; 肖德涛; 丘寿康; Shan, Jian] 421001, China

通讯机构： Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Radon, School of Nuclear Science and Technology, University of South China, Hengyang, China

关键词： 小体积氡室;氡子体状态参数;调控方法;模拟研究

摘要： 基于空气中氡子体和气溶胶粒子的行为规律,研究了一种小体积氡室中氡子体状态参数稳定调控方法,即通过调节小体积氡室总换气率和气溶胶粒子数浓度实现氡及氡子体浓度、平衡因子和未结合态份额等状态参数稳定调控方法.建立了调控物理模型,根据模拟条件甄选氡子体和气溶胶粒子行为参数,采用Matlab模拟计算了小体积氡室氡子体状态参数的调控范围,并将模拟计算值与实验值进行比对,部分验证本文建立的调控方法.模拟计算结果表明,本研究所建立的调控方法可在小体积氡室内实现氡子体浓度、平衡因子和未结合态份额的稳定调控.本研究建立的调控方法为实验研究提供了初步的理论基础.

语种： 中文

作者： He, Zhengzhong;Xiao, Detao*;Lv, Lidan;Zhou, Qingzhi;Wu, Xijun;...

期刊： Radiation Measurements,2017年102:27-33 ISSN：1350-4487

通讯作者： Xiao, Detao

作者机构： [Zhou, Qingzhi; Wu, Xijun; He, Zhengzhong; Shan, Jian; Xiao, Detao; Lv, Lidan] Univ South China, Sch Nucl Sci & Technol, Hengyang 421001, Hunan, Peoples R China.

通讯机构： [Xiao, Detao] U;Univ South China, Sch Nucl Sci & Technol, Hengyang 421001, Hunan, Peoples R China.

关键词： Calibration;Thoron chamber;Thoron progeny

摘要： Long-term stability and homogeneity of activity concentration in a calibration facility are vital to quality assurance and quality control for measuring thoron and its progeny. The long half-life of²¹²Pb leads to difficulty for attaining highly stable activity;thus, the development of a compensation system based on air recirculation between the ageing chamber and thoron chamber is presented to make up for thoron progeny losses incurred due to plate-out, decay and sampling in the thoron chamber. Stable concentration of thoron progeny in the ageing chamber is dependent on a constant solid²²⁰Rn source and certain aerosol concentration. A recirculation loop with various flow-rates below 1.6 m³h^&minus;1simulates air sampling of instruments being calibrated in the thoron chamber to eliminate concentration fluctuations. A theoretical model is derived for estimating the effect of main variables on the stable concentrations of²¹²Pb. Variable but stable activity concentrations of²¹²Pb are produced under different compensation and simulation flow-rates by this method with the coefficient of variation below 10% for the activity concentrations of thoron progeny. Concentration ratios of C(²¹²Bi)/C(²¹²Pb), ranging between 0.33 and 1, are achieved under different ventilation rates for the system. &copy;2017

语种： 英文

作者： 邓慧娟;肖德涛;丘寿康;何正忠;居治豪;...

期刊： 辐射防护,2017年37(4):280-286 ISSN：1000-8187

作者机构： [邓慧娟; 肖德涛; 丘寿康; 何正忠; 居治豪; 肖峰] 南华大学核科学技术学院, 湖南, 衡阳, 421001

关键词： 膨润土;石灰粉;氡析出率

摘要： 在土壤中添加不同比例的膨润土或石灰粉,比较添加前后土壤覆盖层厚度相同时的降氡效果。本研究利用具有稳定氡析出率的标准模块(35 cm×35 cm×12 cm)作为源项,并自制截面为正方形(30 cm×30 cm)高度可调的实验箱,实验时尽量保持含水率和压实度一致。实验结果表明:随土壤中膨润土或石灰粉添加比例的增大降氡效果越好,且添加膨润土比石灰粉降氡效果更好;对结果进行曲线拟合分析,得出了添加不同比例膨润土或石灰粉的土壤覆盖厚度与降氡效果的对数关系式,并计算出了相应的氡扩散系数;推导出了在满足退役管理限值0.74 Bq·m~(-2)·s~(-1)时,覆盖前氡析出率与所需覆盖土壤厚度的关系式,可用于待治理氡析出率表面的保守覆盖厚度的计算。通过经济比较分析,得出了在添加比例较低时,所需费用比原始土壤高,添加比例较高时,所需费用比原始土壤低,且所需费用随着添加比例的增加而减小。

语种： 中文