作者机构：
[Wang, Lin-Wei; Li, Yan] Capital Med Univ, Beijing Shijitan Hosp, Dept Surg Oncol, Beijing 100038, Peoples R China.;[Wang, Lin-Wei; Wu, Han; Liu, Wen-Lou; Li, Yan; Chen, Jia-Mei] Wuhan Univ, Zhongnan Hosp, Dept Oncol, Wuhan 430071, Peoples R China.;[Qu, Ai-Ping] Univ South China, Sch Comp Sci & Technol, Hengyang 421001, Peoples R China.;[Yuan, Jing-Ping] Wuhan Univ, Renmin Hosp, Dept Pathol, Wuhan 430060, Peoples R China.;[Liu, Juan] Wuhan Univ, Sch Comp, Wuhan 430072, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Li, Yan] C;[Li, Yan; Liu, Juan] W;Capital Med Univ, Beijing Shijitan Hosp, Dept Surg Oncol, Beijing 100038, Peoples R China.;Wuhan Univ, Zhongnan Hosp, Dept Oncol, Wuhan 430071, Peoples R China.;Wuhan Univ, Sch Comp, Wuhan 430072, Peoples R China.
摘要：
As a widely used proliferative marker, Ki67 has important impacts on cancer prognosis, especially for breast cancer (BC). However, variations in analytical practice make it difficult for pathologists to manually measure Ki67 index. This study is to establish quantum dots (QDs)-based double imaging of nuclear Ki67 as red signal by QDs-655, cytoplasmic cytokeratin (CK) as yellow signal by QDs-585, and organic dye imaging of cell nucleus as blue signal by 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI), and to develop a computer-aided automatic method for Ki67 index measurement. The newly developed automatic computerized Ki67 measurement could efficiently recognize and count Ki67-positive cancer cell nuclei with red signals and cancer cell nuclei with blue signals within cancer cell cytoplasmic with yellow signals. Comparisons of computerized Ki67 index, visual Ki67 index, and marked Ki67 index for 30 patients of 90 images with Ki67 </= 10% (low grade), 10% < Ki67 < 50% (moderate grade), and Ki67 >/= 50% (high grade) showed computerized Ki67 counting is better than visual Ki67 counting, especially for Ki67 low and moderate grades. Based on QDs-based double imaging and organic dye imaging on BC tissues, this study successfully developed an automatic computerized Ki67 counting method to measure Ki67 index.
摘要：
According to the energy bottleneck of the wireless sensor network, the LEACH algorithm is improved in this paper, in the LEACH algorithm, it maybe that the cluster head nodes are far from the base station, and cluster head node has non-uniform distribution, in this case, nodes soon died after consuming energy, so the focus from three aspects of the optimal number of the cluster head and uniform distribution and many jump communication to improve, the improved algorithm through the simulation tests show that network node energy has been obviously saved, at the same time the lifecycle of the system is also effectively extension. In the application of the wireless sensor, we should always hold the principle of energy-first, therefore the LEACH which is a hierarchical routing protocol can save energy has played a crucial role, but the optimal number of the cluster head and uniform distribution can’t be archived because of the change of the location of the cluster head nodes. In addition, when the cluster head far away from center sink node communicate with center sink node, the cluster head will exhaust energy quickly to die, that may affect lifecycle of whole of monitoring network and lead to worse expansibility. For some problems of the LEACH algorithm, the LEACH algorithm is improved in this paper from three aspects of the optimal number of the cluster head and uniform distribution and many jump communication, the improved algorithm through the simulation tests show that network node energy has been obviously saved.
