作者：
Hongjuan Liu;Chang Zhao;Shuibo Xie;Huaming Yang
期刊：
Chemical Engineering Science,2026年320:122625 ISSN：0009-2509
通讯作者：
Hongjuan Liu<&wdkj&>Huaming Yang
作者机构：
[Hongjuan Liu; Chang Zhao] School of Nuclear Science and Technology, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China;[Huaming Yang] Engineering Research Center of Nano-Geomaterials of Ministry of Education, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China;[Shuibo Xie] Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse Technology, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China
通讯机构：
[Hongjuan Liu] S;[Huaming Yang] E;Engineering Research Center of Nano-Geomaterials of Ministry of Education, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China<&wdkj&>School of Nuclear Science and Technology, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China
摘要：
The development of nuclear science and technology has generated plentiful radioactive waste, which has posed serious threat to human beings and the environment due to radioactivity and toxicity of radionuclides. Therefore, the reduction and elimination of radioactive contaminants is an urgent task. Clay mineral used for the treatment of radionuclides pollution have attracted widespread interest due to its rich reserves, low cost, and excellent cation exchange capacity, etc. In this review, the structure characteristics of clay mineral were introduced. Modification strategies such as acid- or alkaline-activation, heat treatment, pillaring, exfoliation, surface modification for enhancing adsorption performance of clay mineral were presented. These modification strategies can increase their pore size, pore volume and specific surface area, expose more adsorption sites, turn natural clay mineral into nano-clay mineral, or introduce functional groups, thereby improving the adsorption ability for radionuclides. Moreover, various clay minerals including kaolinite, halloysite, palygorskite, illite, sepiolite, montmorillonite and bentonite as adsorbents for application in radioactive waste treatment were discussed. The interaction mechanisms between clay minerals and radionuclides were elaborated. The challenges and prospects of clay mineral-based materials in the treatment of radioactive pollution were pointed out. This review provides valuable inspiration for designing novel and high-performance clay mineral-based adsorbents for the application of nuclear waste treatment.
The development of nuclear science and technology has generated plentiful radioactive waste, which has posed serious threat to human beings and the environment due to radioactivity and toxicity of radionuclides. Therefore, the reduction and elimination of radioactive contaminants is an urgent task. Clay mineral used for the treatment of radionuclides pollution have attracted widespread interest due to its rich reserves, low cost, and excellent cation exchange capacity, etc. In this review, the structure characteristics of clay mineral were introduced. Modification strategies such as acid- or alkaline-activation, heat treatment, pillaring, exfoliation, surface modification for enhancing adsorption performance of clay mineral were presented. These modification strategies can increase their pore size, pore volume and specific surface area, expose more adsorption sites, turn natural clay mineral into nano-clay mineral, or introduce functional groups, thereby improving the adsorption ability for radionuclides. Moreover, various clay minerals including kaolinite, halloysite, palygorskite, illite, sepiolite, montmorillonite and bentonite as adsorbents for application in radioactive waste treatment were discussed. The interaction mechanisms between clay minerals and radionuclides were elaborated. The challenges and prospects of clay mineral-based materials in the treatment of radioactive pollution were pointed out. This review provides valuable inspiration for designing novel and high-performance clay mineral-based adsorbents for the application of nuclear waste treatment.
作者机构：
[Liqun Liu; Li Dan; Jingsong Wang; Gaoshang Ouyang] School of Civil Engineering, University of South China, Hengyang 421200, China;[Ming Jiang; Kuixiang Guo] Shanghai Urban Construction Design & Research Institute Groups Co., Ltd., Shanghai 200125, China
通讯机构：
[Jingsong Wang] S;School of Civil Engineering, University of South China, Hengyang 421200, China
摘要：
The high-temperature behavior of ternary geopolymers reinforced with polyimide fibers (PIF) remain insufficiently understood. This work systematically evaluates the composite properties of PIF doping metakaolin–fly ash–coal gangue geopolymers (MFCG) via mechanical property, shrinkage, and high-temperature (200 °C, 400 °C, 600 °C, 800 °C, 1000 °C) resistance tests. The results showed that the optimal PIF content was 0.8 %, when the compressive and flexural strengths were increased by 24.8 % and 19.0 %, respectively, and the early shrinkage was reduced by 10.8 %. Besides, at 400 °C, the residual compressive strength of PIF-MFCG was still 24.0 % higher than that of MFCG. The combination of TG-DTG, MIP and SEM analysis indicates the high thermal stability and strong interfacial adhesion of PIF to MFCG leads to enhanced mechanical and high-temperature resistance properties. This work provides guidance for designing high-performance PIF-MFCG composites for high-temperature services.
The high-temperature behavior of ternary geopolymers reinforced with polyimide fibers (PIF) remain insufficiently understood. This work systematically evaluates the composite properties of PIF doping metakaolin–fly ash–coal gangue geopolymers (MFCG) via mechanical property, shrinkage, and high-temperature (200 °C, 400 °C, 600 °C, 800 °C, 1000 °C) resistance tests. The results showed that the optimal PIF content was 0.8 %, when the compressive and flexural strengths were increased by 24.8 % and 19.0 %, respectively, and the early shrinkage was reduced by 10.8 %. Besides, at 400 °C, the residual compressive strength of PIF-MFCG was still 24.0 % higher than that of MFCG. The combination of TG-DTG, MIP and SEM analysis indicates the high thermal stability and strong interfacial adhesion of PIF to MFCG leads to enhanced mechanical and high-temperature resistance properties. This work provides guidance for designing high-performance PIF-MFCG composites for high-temperature services.
作者机构：
[Xiaoyuan Ye; Xiangjiu Guan; Liejin Guo] International Research Center for Renewable Energy, State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China;School of Civil Engineering, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China;School of Electrical Engineering, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an 710054, China;[Wengao Zeng] International Research Center for Renewable Energy, State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China<&wdkj&>School of Civil Engineering, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China;[Tuo Zhang] International Research Center for Renewable Energy, State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China<&wdkj&>School of Electrical Engineering, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an 710054, China
通讯机构：
[Xiangjiu Guan; Liejin Guo] I;International Research Center for Renewable Energy, State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
摘要：
Biomass represents a complex yet abundant resource. The reforming of biomass promises a potentially ideal low-carbon technology route to produce fuels and high-value chemicals. Thermo-photo catalysis, as an emerging technology, demonstrates the capacity to simultaneously harness light and heat energy for efficient biomass conversion. This approach integrates the individual advantages of photocatalysis and thermal catalysis, concurrently reducing the energy consumption of thermal catalysis and enhancing the efficiency of photocatalysis. This review introduces the primary types and pretreatment of biomass, together with advancements in the photoreforming of typical biomass and derivatives. By categorizing thermo-photo catalysis into three types, i.e., thermo-assisted photocatalysis, photo-promoted thermal catalysis, and thermo-photo cocatalysis, the roles of light energy and heat energy within the reaction system and the thermo-photo synergistic mechanisms are analyzed, with the applications in biomass reforming detailedly discussed. Key challenges including design of catalyst, investigation of mechanism, development of reactor, and thermal measurement at nanoscale are highlighted, emphasizing potential research directions in thermo-photo catalytic biomass reforming. This review aims to guide research and suggest innovations in materials and sustainable energy systems for the production of green fuels and high-value chemicals with potential practical adoption at an industrial scale.
Biomass represents a complex yet abundant resource. The reforming of biomass promises a potentially ideal low-carbon technology route to produce fuels and high-value chemicals. Thermo-photo catalysis, as an emerging technology, demonstrates the capacity to simultaneously harness light and heat energy for efficient biomass conversion. This approach integrates the individual advantages of photocatalysis and thermal catalysis, concurrently reducing the energy consumption of thermal catalysis and enhancing the efficiency of photocatalysis. This review introduces the primary types and pretreatment of biomass, together with advancements in the photoreforming of typical biomass and derivatives. By categorizing thermo-photo catalysis into three types, i.e., thermo-assisted photocatalysis, photo-promoted thermal catalysis, and thermo-photo cocatalysis, the roles of light energy and heat energy within the reaction system and the thermo-photo synergistic mechanisms are analyzed, with the applications in biomass reforming detailedly discussed. Key challenges including design of catalyst, investigation of mechanism, development of reactor, and thermal measurement at nanoscale are highlighted, emphasizing potential research directions in thermo-photo catalytic biomass reforming. This review aims to guide research and suggest innovations in materials and sustainable energy systems for the production of green fuels and high-value chemicals with potential practical adoption at an industrial scale.
作者机构：
[Shuling Liu; Yujie Ma; Zeyi Wang; Junyu Guo; Lin Shi] Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, The Youth Innovation Team of Shaanxi Universities, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710021, China;[Xiangxiang Ma] School of Civil Engineering, University of South China, 28 Changshen Road, Hengyang 421001, China
通讯机构：
[Shuling Liu] D;Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, The Youth Innovation Team of Shaanxi Universities, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710021, China
摘要：
The development of highly active and durable electrocatalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is crucial for improving the overall efficiency of water splitting. Here, we reported a partial selenization strategy to fabricate iron doped nickel selenide nanosheets (Ni 0.85 Fe 0.15 Se@LDH/NF) featuring a heterostructure, using nickel foam (NF) supported NiFe-layered double hydroxide (NiFe-LDH) as a precursor, via a solvothermal reaction with selenium and sodium borohydride (NaBH 4 ). This study demonstrates that partial selenization strategy is effective in enhancing electronic properties, inhibiting iron dissolution, and improving OER performance. Compared with their single-phase counterparts (Ni 0.85 Fe 0.15 Se/NF, NiSe/NF, and LDH/NF), the Ni 0.85 Fe 0.15 Se@LDH/NF electrodes exhibit superior OER catalytic activity and long-term stability, requiring overpotentials of only 190 mV and 260 mV to deliver current densities of 10 mA·cm −2 and 100 mA·cm −2 , respectively. Furthermore, a two-electrode electrolyzer based on Ni 0.85 Fe 0.15 Se@LDH/NF achieves a current density of 100 mA·cm −2 at a low cell voltage of 1.62 V. In addition, the system maintains excellent operational stability for 100 h under both 100 mA·cm −2 and 250 mA·cm −2 in 30 wt% KOH electrolyte, demonstrating outstanding alkaline durability and promising potential for industrial applications. These findings provide a viable blueprint for the rational design of high-performance OER electrodes for large-scale water electrolysis.
The development of highly active and durable electrocatalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is crucial for improving the overall efficiency of water splitting. Here, we reported a partial selenization strategy to fabricate iron doped nickel selenide nanosheets (Ni 0.85 Fe 0.15 Se@LDH/NF) featuring a heterostructure, using nickel foam (NF) supported NiFe-layered double hydroxide (NiFe-LDH) as a precursor, via a solvothermal reaction with selenium and sodium borohydride (NaBH 4 ). This study demonstrates that partial selenization strategy is effective in enhancing electronic properties, inhibiting iron dissolution, and improving OER performance. Compared with their single-phase counterparts (Ni 0.85 Fe 0.15 Se/NF, NiSe/NF, and LDH/NF), the Ni 0.85 Fe 0.15 Se@LDH/NF electrodes exhibit superior OER catalytic activity and long-term stability, requiring overpotentials of only 190 mV and 260 mV to deliver current densities of 10 mA·cm −2 and 100 mA·cm −2 , respectively. Furthermore, a two-electrode electrolyzer based on Ni 0.85 Fe 0.15 Se@LDH/NF achieves a current density of 100 mA·cm −2 at a low cell voltage of 1.62 V. In addition, the system maintains excellent operational stability for 100 h under both 100 mA·cm −2 and 250 mA·cm −2 in 30 wt% KOH electrolyte, demonstrating outstanding alkaline durability and promising potential for industrial applications. These findings provide a viable blueprint for the rational design of high-performance OER electrodes for large-scale water electrolysis.
摘要：
The energy consumption of buildings in China's hot-summer and cold-winter regions is high, and building envelope structures urgently require further optimization. Research on optimizing building envelope structures with phase-change material (PCM) typically assumes a continuous air-conditioning operation mode, however, in China, air conditioning often operates intermittently. Considering the changes in the specific heat capacity and thermal conductivity during the PCM phase transformation, this study compares the thermal performance and energy consumption of phase-change concrete wall (PCCW) and ordinary concrete wall (OCW) under different air-conditioning modes. The findings reveal that, under intermittent air-conditioning operations 1) PCCW reduces the maximum internal surface temperature by 0.40 degrees C, delays the peak temperature by 15 min and 2) the indoor temperature distribution in PCCW is more uniform than in OCW, and after turning on the air conditioning, the time required for the indoor temperature to drop to the set temperature decreases by 31.50%. Moreover, buildings with a PCCW as the external wall exhibits an annual energy consumption reduction of 20.32%. This study analyzes the heat-transfer characteristics of PCCW in hot-summer and cold-winter regions and their impact on energy consumption, offering a reference for the promotion and application of phase-change walls.
作者机构：
[Chen; Fu; Yingjiu (37124439000); Taotao (41961822300); Qiqi (59532721400)] Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse Technology, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China;[Min (59614150800)] School of Environment and Civil Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzheng 518055, China;[Min (59614150800)] Hunan Vch Environment Technology Co., Ltd, Changsha, 410014, China;[Jun (58483296600)] College of Environment and Ecology, Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, China. Electronic address: jun.li@cqu.edu.cn
通讯机构：
[Jun Li] C;J. Li;College of Environment and Ecology, Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, China;email: jun.li@cqu.edu.cn
关键词：
Adsorption;Charcoal;Hydrogen-Ion Concentration;Kinetics;Manganese;Thermodynamics;Uranium;Waste Disposal, Fluid;Wastewater;Zea mays;Manganese removal (water treatment);Redox reactions;Sorption;adsorbent;calcium ion;carbon;charcoal;magnesium ion;manganese;manganese oxide;potassium ion;sodium borohydride;sodium ion;unclassified drug;uranium;zerovalent manganese;zinc ion;Acidic wastewater;Biochar;Characteristics and mechanisms;Corn straws;Efficiency characteristic;Health safety;Human health;U(VI) removal;Zerovalent;Zerovalent manganese;biochar;efficiency measurement;manganese;pollutant removal;straw;uranium;wastewater treatment;acidity;adsorption kinetics;Article;chemisorption;complex formation;crystal structure;ecotoxicity;environmental temperature;Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy;heavy metal removal;hydrolysis;ionic strength;isotherm;leaching;micromorphology;oscillation;oxidation reduction reaction;pH;precipitation;reduction (chemistry);scanning electron microscopy;static electricity;synthesis;thermodynamics;waste water management;X ray photoemission spectroscopy;adsorption;chemistry;isolation and purification;kinetics;maize;procedures;sewage;wastewater;Uranium compounds
摘要：
The chemical and radiological toxicity of uranium can present a significant risk to both human health and environmental safety. Thus, ZVMn-BC was synthesized through borohydride reduction aimed at investigating its performance in removing U(VI) in acidic environment (pH = 3). Several batch experiments were conducted to assess the sorption capability under various operational conditions and the relevant experimental data were investigated by kinetics, isotherms and thermodynamic equations. ZVMn-BC exhibited excellent resistance to interference and showed a superiority on U(VI) removal over zerovalent manganese (ZVMn) and corn straw biochar (BC). Under condition of pH 3, and ambient temperature of 303 K with 0.4 g/L of adsorbent, ZVMn-BC exhibited a theoretical sorption quantity of 274.78 mg/g. The sorption process was spontaneous and endothermic, primarily relying on chemical adsorption. The interaction mechanism involved electrostatic interaction, hydrolysis precipitation, complexation, and redox reactions. This study verified that ZVMn-BC exhibits effective performance for U(VI) eliminating in acidic wastewater.
The chemical and radiological toxicity of uranium can present a significant risk to both human health and environmental safety. Thus, ZVMn-BC was synthesized through borohydride reduction aimed at investigating its performance in removing U(VI) in acidic environment (pH = 3). Several batch experiments were conducted to assess the sorption capability under various operational conditions and the relevant experimental data were investigated by kinetics, isotherms and thermodynamic equations. ZVMn-BC exhibited excellent resistance to interference and showed a superiority on U(VI) removal over zerovalent manganese (ZVMn) and corn straw biochar (BC). Under condition of pH 3, and ambient temperature of 303 K with 0.4 g/L of adsorbent, ZVMn-BC exhibited a theoretical sorption quantity of 274.78 mg/g. The sorption process was spontaneous and endothermic, primarily relying on chemical adsorption. The interaction mechanism involved electrostatic interaction, hydrolysis precipitation, complexation, and redox reactions. This study verified that ZVMn-BC exhibits effective performance for U(VI) eliminating in acidic wastewater.
摘要：
The reasonable determination of correlation distances serves as the prerequisite for ensuring the accuracy of random field simulation results for geotechnical parameters, and also constitutes a critical challenge in random field simulations that remains difficult to resolve. The Bootstrap method was employed to perform resampling on correlation distances. Utilizing the sampling results, a weighted prior probability density function for correlation distances was constructed. By applying Bayesian principles in conjunction with Hoffman's conditional random field simulation method, the decoupling and simultaneous updating of correlation distance determinations and geotechnical parameter estimations in random field simulations were achieved. Taking a seabed site as an example, this study simulated the spatial variability of marine soil SPT- N values and their influence on seabed liquefaction probability. The research revealed the impacts of correlation distances, constraints from measured borehole data, and heterogeneity of original site stratigraphy on random field simulation outcomes and seabed liquefaction probability. The validity of the proposed methodology was confirmed through verification against reserved measurement results at actual borehole locations.
The reasonable determination of correlation distances serves as the prerequisite for ensuring the accuracy of random field simulation results for geotechnical parameters, and also constitutes a critical challenge in random field simulations that remains difficult to resolve. The Bootstrap method was employed to perform resampling on correlation distances. Utilizing the sampling results, a weighted prior probability density function for correlation distances was constructed. By applying Bayesian principles in conjunction with Hoffman's conditional random field simulation method, the decoupling and simultaneous updating of correlation distance determinations and geotechnical parameter estimations in random field simulations were achieved. Taking a seabed site as an example, this study simulated the spatial variability of marine soil SPT- N values and their influence on seabed liquefaction probability. The research revealed the impacts of correlation distances, constraints from measured borehole data, and heterogeneity of original site stratigraphy on random field simulation outcomes and seabed liquefaction probability. The validity of the proposed methodology was confirmed through verification against reserved measurement results at actual borehole locations.
期刊：
Process Safety and Environmental Protection,2025年201:107526 ISSN：0957-5820
通讯作者：
Xu, P
作者机构：
[Liu, Xin] Univ South China, Hunan Prov Key Lab Pollut Control & Resources Reus, Hengyang 421001, Peoples R China.;[Xu, Peng; He, Qiulai; Ma, Jingwei; Liu, Xin; Xu, P] Hunan Univ, Coll Civil Engn, Hunan Engn Res Ctr Water Secur Technol & Applicat, Changsha 410082, Peoples R China.;[Yu, Quan] Hunan Univ Sci & Technol, Sch Civil Engn, Hunan Prov Key Lab Shale Gas Resource Utilizat, Xiangtan 411201, Peoples R China.;[Zheng, Mengqi] Hefei Univ Technol, Sch Civil Engn, Dept Municipal Engn, Hefei 230009, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Xu, P ] H;Hunan Univ, Coll Civil Engn, Hunan Engn Res Ctr Water Secur Technol & Applicat, Changsha 410082, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Tetracycline degradation;HA/Cl-/Cu 0 /H 2 O 2 system;Cu 2+/Cu + cycle;Hydroxyl radical and reactive chlorine species;CuClx1-x
摘要：
The process of hydrogen peroxide triggered by zero-valent copper (Cu 0 /H 2 O 2 ) was usually used to decompose organic pollutants . Nevertheless, its oxidation efficacy was restricted by the disproportionation of Cu⁺ along with the interaction between Cu⁺ and O₂. The research found that the combination of chloride ion (Cl − ) and hydroxylamine (HA) obviously enhanced the Cu 0 /H 2 O 2 process, and 87.1 % of tetracycline was degraded in 15 min. In the HA/Cl − /Cu 0 /H 2 O 2 process, on the one hand, the cycle of Cu 2+ /Cu + was persistently motivated by HA; On the other hand, Cl − reinforced the stability of Cu + by forming CuCl x 1-x complexants and promoted the synproportionation of Cu 0 and Cu 2+ with generating CuCl. The experiments of identifying reactive oxygen species found that hydroxyl radical and reactive chlorine species played a main role in decomposing tetracycline with its contribution ratios respectively being 83.8 % and 17.2 %. The final emission concentration of total dissolve copper was 11.1 μmol/L and met the national emission requirements after the conventional treatment, and the product of HA was ultimately discharged in the form of N 2 . These results revealed that the HA/Cl − /Cu 0 /H 2 O 2 system was an effective and eco-friendly.
The process of hydrogen peroxide triggered by zero-valent copper (Cu 0 /H 2 O 2 ) was usually used to decompose organic pollutants . Nevertheless, its oxidation efficacy was restricted by the disproportionation of Cu⁺ along with the interaction between Cu⁺ and O₂. The research found that the combination of chloride ion (Cl − ) and hydroxylamine (HA) obviously enhanced the Cu 0 /H 2 O 2 process, and 87.1 % of tetracycline was degraded in 15 min. In the HA/Cl − /Cu 0 /H 2 O 2 process, on the one hand, the cycle of Cu 2+ /Cu + was persistently motivated by HA; On the other hand, Cl − reinforced the stability of Cu + by forming CuCl x 1-x complexants and promoted the synproportionation of Cu 0 and Cu 2+ with generating CuCl. The experiments of identifying reactive oxygen species found that hydroxyl radical and reactive chlorine species played a main role in decomposing tetracycline with its contribution ratios respectively being 83.8 % and 17.2 %. The final emission concentration of total dissolve copper was 11.1 μmol/L and met the national emission requirements after the conventional treatment, and the product of HA was ultimately discharged in the form of N 2 . These results revealed that the HA/Cl − /Cu 0 /H 2 O 2 system was an effective and eco-friendly.
期刊：
Environmental Science and Pollution Research,2025年32(22):13509-13522 ISSN：0944-1344
通讯作者：
Lu, Yue
作者机构：
[Liangqin Wang; Haichao Sha; Taotao Zeng; Haidu Nong] Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse Technology, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China;[Lin Tang; Taotao Zeng; Qingqing Xie] College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China;[Lin Tang; Taotao Zeng; Qingqing Xie] Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410082, Hunan, China;[Yue Lu] College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China. yuelu@hnu.edu.cn;[Yue Lu] Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410082, Hunan, China. yuelu@hnu.edu.cn
通讯机构：
[Lu, Yue] C;College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China.;Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410082, Hunan, China.
关键词：
Heavy metal;Lead–zinc mining;Microbial community;Microbial interaction;Mine soil
摘要：
Understanding the microbial community structure in soil contaminated with heavy metals (HMs) is a precondition to conduct bioremediation in mine soil. Samples were collected from a typical lead-zinc (Pb-Zn) mine to assess the microbial community structure of the HMs concentrated in the soil. The goal was to analyze the bacterial and fungal community structures and their interactions using the 16S rRNA genes and internal transcribed spacer high-throughput sequencing. Analyses at different sampling sites showed that contamination with HMs significantly reduced the bacterial richness and diversity but increased that of the fungi. The predominant bacteria genera of Acidobacteriales, Gaiellales, Anaerolineaceae, Sulfurifustis, and Gemmatimonadaceae, and predominant fungal genera of Sordariomycetes, Talaromyces, and Mortierella were assumed as HM resistant genera in Pb-Zn mining area. The pH effect on the bacterial and fungal communities was opposite to those of Cd, Pb, and Zn. This study offers comprehensive outlooks for bacterial and fungal community structures upon multiple HM stresses in the soil around a typical Pb-Zn mine area.
摘要：
Deep rock engineering (such as geothermal exploration, underground energy storage, radioactive waste storage) is often affected by external disturbances and high temperatures. Through characteristic stress identification, acoustic emission (AE) monitoring and numerical simulation, the deformation and fracture processes and degree of thermal-mechanical damaged sandstone are studied, and a simulation method considering thermal strengthening is proposed based on the two-dimensional particle flow code (PFC 2D ). The results show that: The axial peak strain of the sample shows fluctuations below 450 °C as temperature increases, and is followed by a rapid rise, whereas Poisson’s ratio, after reaching its maximum at 150 °C, gradually decreases. With the increase of damage degree, the mean values of σ cc / σ f and σ ci / σ f first decrease and then increase, while the mean values of σ cd / σ f have the opposite trend. With the increase of temperature, σ ci / σ f of sandstone increases, while σ cd / σ f remains at a certain level and fluctuates or decreases. Although the frequency band distribution and quantities of different rock samples are different, the frequency band number and the density within the frequency band have sudden changes before the samples are destroyed. The simulation results indicate that the porosity shows stress sensitivity and intergranular cracking dominates the failure process. The experimental and PFC simulation results agree well in terms of peak stress, failure mode and crack distribution, which verifies the applicability of the proposed thermal strengthening model.
Deep rock engineering (such as geothermal exploration, underground energy storage, radioactive waste storage) is often affected by external disturbances and high temperatures. Through characteristic stress identification, acoustic emission (AE) monitoring and numerical simulation, the deformation and fracture processes and degree of thermal-mechanical damaged sandstone are studied, and a simulation method considering thermal strengthening is proposed based on the two-dimensional particle flow code (PFC 2D ). The results show that: The axial peak strain of the sample shows fluctuations below 450 °C as temperature increases, and is followed by a rapid rise, whereas Poisson’s ratio, after reaching its maximum at 150 °C, gradually decreases. With the increase of damage degree, the mean values of σ cc / σ f and σ ci / σ f first decrease and then increase, while the mean values of σ cd / σ f have the opposite trend. With the increase of temperature, σ ci / σ f of sandstone increases, while σ cd / σ f remains at a certain level and fluctuates or decreases. Although the frequency band distribution and quantities of different rock samples are different, the frequency band number and the density within the frequency band have sudden changes before the samples are destroyed. The simulation results indicate that the porosity shows stress sensitivity and intergranular cracking dominates the failure process. The experimental and PFC simulation results agree well in terms of peak stress, failure mode and crack distribution, which verifies the applicability of the proposed thermal strengthening model.
摘要：
Most existing passive earth pressure theories are not completely suitable for the calculation of unsaturated backfill in practical engineering, especially for narrow backfill cases. In view of this, this study establishes a modified analytical model for the passive earth pressure of narrow backfill behind a retaining wall under unsaturated steady-state seepage conditions, based on the log-spiral failure mechanism and the arched differential element method. The distribution, total force magnitude, and the height of the application point of passive earth pressure for narrow backfill under the rotation about the wall toe (RB) mode are calculated by the fourth order Runge-Kutta method within the framework of the generalized effective stress principle. To validate the proposed method, a comparative analysis is conducted by integrating experimental, theoretical, and OptumG2 simulation results. Moreover, the effect of main parameters on passive earth pressures is investigated through a parametric analysis. The results show that as the wall-soil interface friction angle increases gradually, the passive earth pressure distribution curve transitions from convex towards the wall back to concave towards the wall back; with the increase of aspect ratio, the passive earth pressure curve gradually shifts from curved to nearly straight; with a small air entry pressure parameter, the total passive earth pressure force increases as the air entry pressure parameter increases, while the height of the application point of total force initially decreases and then increases; the hysteresis effect reduces the total passive earth pressure force and decreases the height of the application point of the total force.
作者机构：
[Song, Jiayin; Li, Junzhe; Li, Hao; Zeng, Sheng] School of Resources Environment and Safety Engineering, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China;[Sun, Bing] School of Civil Engineering, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China;[Cai, Qiue] School of Mathematics and Physics, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China
通讯机构：
[Sheng Zeng] S;School of Resources Environment and Safety Engineering, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China
摘要：
Mineral dissolution and erosion during the leaching of uranium-bearing sandstone have profound effects on the evolution of pore structure and uranium leaching rate. X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) techniques were used to characterise mineral changes and pore structure evolution in samples. The results indicate that during the in situ leaching process, feldspar was transformed into clay minerals and quartz. Dolomite and calcite completely dissolved and formed a large amount of Ca 2+ , which increased the content of CaSO 4 . The CaSO 4 and MgSiO 3 precipitated particles formed in the reaction blocked the pores or migrated with the leaching solution, and the porosity of the sandstone initially decreased and then increased. Furthermore, the pores were divided into micropores, mesopores, and macropores, and combined with NMR fractal theory, it was found that the pore structure of sandstone exhibited multifractal characteristics. The obtained pore fractal dimension had a positive correlation with quartz, dolomite, calcite, and feldspar contents, whereas the other mineral components showed a negative correlation. This study provides a theoretical reference for understanding the mechanism of pore plugging and optimising the deplugging process in acid leaching for uranium extraction.
Mineral dissolution and erosion during the leaching of uranium-bearing sandstone have profound effects on the evolution of pore structure and uranium leaching rate. X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) techniques were used to characterise mineral changes and pore structure evolution in samples. The results indicate that during the in situ leaching process, feldspar was transformed into clay minerals and quartz. Dolomite and calcite completely dissolved and formed a large amount of Ca 2+ , which increased the content of CaSO 4 . The CaSO 4 and MgSiO 3 precipitated particles formed in the reaction blocked the pores or migrated with the leaching solution, and the porosity of the sandstone initially decreased and then increased. Furthermore, the pores were divided into micropores, mesopores, and macropores, and combined with NMR fractal theory, it was found that the pore structure of sandstone exhibited multifractal characteristics. The obtained pore fractal dimension had a positive correlation with quartz, dolomite, calcite, and feldspar contents, whereas the other mineral components showed a negative correlation. This study provides a theoretical reference for understanding the mechanism of pore plugging and optimising the deplugging process in acid leaching for uranium extraction.
摘要：
This study was conducted to investigate whether selected microbes with specific functions are comparable or even superior to indigenous consortium (IC) in the microbial uranium reduction process and to detect the immobilization mechanisms of U(VI) with different microbial consortia. Fe(III)-reducing bacteria (FeRB), sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) and nitrate-reducing bacteria (NRB) were employed to construct a designed consortium (DC), and the IC was obtained from natural samples. The results showed that the uranium-reducing ratio of the DC was higher (52.69 %) than that of the IC (35.65 %) after 34 days, although the uranium removal ratio with IC (98.75 %) was slightly higher than that of the DC (95.75 %). In both the DC and IC groups, uranium was first adsorbed onto the cell surface in the first few days, then sulfate and uranium were reduced simultaneously after depletion of nitrate, and finally labile U species transformed into stable form (e.g UO 2 ) over time. This work refined our understanding of the construction of highly efficient uranium-reducing microbes and provided insight into strengthening strategies for treating uranium-contaminated groundwater in situ .
This study was conducted to investigate whether selected microbes with specific functions are comparable or even superior to indigenous consortium (IC) in the microbial uranium reduction process and to detect the immobilization mechanisms of U(VI) with different microbial consortia. Fe(III)-reducing bacteria (FeRB), sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) and nitrate-reducing bacteria (NRB) were employed to construct a designed consortium (DC), and the IC was obtained from natural samples. The results showed that the uranium-reducing ratio of the DC was higher (52.69 %) than that of the IC (35.65 %) after 34 days, although the uranium removal ratio with IC (98.75 %) was slightly higher than that of the DC (95.75 %). In both the DC and IC groups, uranium was first adsorbed onto the cell surface in the first few days, then sulfate and uranium were reduced simultaneously after depletion of nitrate, and finally labile U species transformed into stable form (e.g UO 2 ) over time. This work refined our understanding of the construction of highly efficient uranium-reducing microbes and provided insight into strengthening strategies for treating uranium-contaminated groundwater in situ .
作者：
Meng Wang;Jixian Li;Lu Chen;Changyun Shi*;Jinguo Ge
期刊：
Coatings,2025年15(10):1194- ISSN：2079-6412
通讯作者：
Changyun Shi
作者机构：
G60 STI Valley Industry & Innovation Institute, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing 314001, China;[Lu Chen] School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Jiaxing Nanhu University, Jiaxing 314001, China;Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of High-Performance Special Concrete, University of South China, Hengyang 421200, China;School of Civil Engineering, University of South China, Hengyang 421200, China;Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
通讯机构：
[Changyun Shi] H;Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of High-Performance Special Concrete, University of South China, Hengyang 421200, China<&wdkj&>School of Civil Engineering, University of South China, Hengyang 421200, China<&wdkj&>Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
关键词：
pavement engineering;polyurethane-modified asphalt;rheological properties;molecular simulation;work of adhesion
摘要：
Polyurethane (PU), owing to its superior physicochemical properties, is considered an ideal modifier for asphalt. To improve the mechanical performance and service durability of asphalt pavements, PU-modified asphalts with varying dosages were prepared and evaluated through laboratory experiments and molecular dynamics simulations. Rheological, thermodynamic, and mechanical tests, as well as asphalt–aggregate adhesion energy calculations, were conducted to elucidate the modification mechanism, aging resistance, and interfacial behavior. The results showed that PU incorporation significantly enhanced rutting resistance at high temperatures, flexibility at low temperatures, and overall load-bearing capacity. Under ultraviolet and long-term aging, PU-modified asphalts exhibited notably lower performance degradation than base asphalt. At the molecular level, PU absorbed light fractions and formed a cross-linked network, reducing the free volume fraction and strengthening resistance to deformation. Moreover, PU substantially improved asphalt–aggregate adhesion energy, thereby reinforcing interfacial bonding. These findings provide theoretical insights and practical guidance for the optimal design and engineering application of PU-modified asphalt.
摘要：
Uranium-containing wastewater poses severe threats to ecological safety and human health, yet the development of adsorbents with both high adsorption capacity and strong selectivity remains a critical challenge in environmental remediation. In this study, a novel composite material (MX/PAN-AO-PA) was constructed by combining amidoxime and polyamine bifunctionalized PAN (PAN-AO-PA) with MXene via solution-phase synthesis for efficient uranium wastewater treatment. This design integrates the 2D layered structure of MXene with the selective uranium-binding groups of PAN-AO-PA, which synergistically enhances the surface area and uranium affinity. At 313 K, pH = 6 and C 0 = 80 mg·L −1 , MX/PAN-AO-PA exhibited a maximum adsorption capacity of 609.49 mg·g −1 for U(VI), approximately 250 % higher than that of pristine MXene (171.6 mg·g −1 ) with excellent selectivity. The adsorption behavior follows the pseudo-second-order kinetic model and Langmuir isotherm model. After 5 adsorption-desorption cycles, the uranium removal rate remained over 80 %, demonstrating good cyclic stability. FTIR and XPS analyses confirm that the efficient adsorption of U(VI) stems from the synergistic coordination of amidoxime groups (C(=NOH)NH 2 ) and polyamine groups (−NH 2 ), as well as the chelating effect of oxygen-containing functional groups (-OH, O ) on the MXene surface. This composite holds significant application value in radioactive wastewater treatment.
Uranium-containing wastewater poses severe threats to ecological safety and human health, yet the development of adsorbents with both high adsorption capacity and strong selectivity remains a critical challenge in environmental remediation. In this study, a novel composite material (MX/PAN-AO-PA) was constructed by combining amidoxime and polyamine bifunctionalized PAN (PAN-AO-PA) with MXene via solution-phase synthesis for efficient uranium wastewater treatment. This design integrates the 2D layered structure of MXene with the selective uranium-binding groups of PAN-AO-PA, which synergistically enhances the surface area and uranium affinity. At 313 K, pH = 6 and C 0 = 80 mg·L −1 , MX/PAN-AO-PA exhibited a maximum adsorption capacity of 609.49 mg·g −1 for U(VI), approximately 250 % higher than that of pristine MXene (171.6 mg·g −1 ) with excellent selectivity. The adsorption behavior follows the pseudo-second-order kinetic model and Langmuir isotherm model. After 5 adsorption-desorption cycles, the uranium removal rate remained over 80 %, demonstrating good cyclic stability. FTIR and XPS analyses confirm that the efficient adsorption of U(VI) stems from the synergistic coordination of amidoxime groups (C(=NOH)NH 2 ) and polyamine groups (−NH 2 ), as well as the chelating effect of oxygen-containing functional groups (-OH, O ) on the MXene surface. This composite holds significant application value in radioactive wastewater treatment.
摘要：
To enhance the engineering properties of granite residual soil for subgrade filling, cement is incorporated to improve the soil. Through compaction tests, direct shear tests, and scanning electron microscope (SEM) tests, the influence of adding different doses of cement on the shear strength, residual strength, and microstructure of granite residual soil is investigated. The experimental results show that the maximum dry density increases and the optimal moisture content decreases with increasing cement content up to 7%. The shear strength is significantly enhanced with the increase in cement content. This effect is mainly attributed to the significant improvement in soil cohesion due to the addition of cement. When the cement content exceeds 7%, the shear strength index still increases with the cement content, but the rate of change slows down significantly. The failure mode of improved soil exhibits brittle failure, with residual strength remaining unchanged after cement content reaches 3%. At lower stress levels, the residual strength of the improved soil is similar to the shear strength of the undisturbed granite residual soil; while at higher stress levels, the residual strength of the improved soil is inferior to the shear strength of the undisturbed granite residual soil. SEM images reveal that cement hydration products gradually fill pores, forming a continuous spatial network structure. Considering both effectiveness and economic factors, the optimal cement content is approximately 5%. These findings contribute to a deeper understanding of the engineering properties of cement-improved granite residual soil and provide guidance for related engineering construction.
摘要：
Given the fact that retaining structures in seismically active areas are key barriers for geotechnical engineering disaster prevention and mitigation, accurately assessing their seismic stability throughout their life cycle is an extremely important and urgent task. However, the traditional stability analysis method ignores the effect of suction stress, which results in a large discrepancy between the calculated results and the engineering practice. In view of this, this study derives the work-energy balance equation that is applicable to unsaturated soils within the framework of the generalized effective stress principle, and on this basis, proposes a method for calculating the coefficient of antislip stability of unsaturated retaining walls under seismic excitations by using the energy method and incorporating the pre-existing or formation cracks into the calculation procedure. The reasonableness of the proposed method of this study was verified by comparing the calculation results with those of OptumG2 (academic version) and existing theoretical methods. Finally, a detailed parametric study was carried out to investigate the effect of main parameters on antislip stability under unsaturated steady seepage conditions.
作者机构：
School of Civil Engineering, University of South China , Hengyang 421001, China;National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Airborne Pollutants Treatment and Radioactive Protection in Building Environment , Hengyang 421001, China;School of Resource & Environment and Safety Engineering, University of South China , Hengyang 421001, China;[Suzhe Li] School of Resource & Environment and Safety Engineering, University of South China , Hengyang 421001, China<&wdkj&>National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Airborne Pollutants Treatment and Radioactive Protection in Building Environment , Hengyang 421001, China;[Dong Xie; Luyan Song; Chen Yang; Zixuan Yuan] School of Civil Engineering, University of South China , Hengyang 421001, China<&wdkj&>National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Airborne Pollutants Treatment and Radioactive Protection in Building Environment , Hengyang 421001, China
通讯机构：
[Dong Xie] S;School of Civil Engineering, University of South China , Hengyang 421001, China
摘要：
With the growing demand for air purification, the large-scale deployment of filtration materials is of increasing importance. However, conventional nanofiber membranes derived from synthetic polymers often generate non-degradable waste upon disposal, which can lead to secondary environmental pollution. In this study, chitosan and polyvinyl alcohol were used as the primary raw materials to fabricate environmentally friendly nanofiber membranes via needleless electrospinning. Under optimized processing conditions (60 kV, 20 min), the resulting membranes exhibited excellent filtration performance, achieving a quality factor of 0.059 41 Pa −1 , high filtration efficiencies of 96.94% for PM 2.5 and 99.34% for PM 10 , and a pressure drop of only 15.7 Pa. Moreover, the membranes demonstrated complete (100%) antibacterial efficacy against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli within 16 h under our experimental conditions. This work presents a rapid, sustainable, and scalable strategy for producing high-performance air filtration membranes that combine efficient particulate removal, low air resistance, and antibacterial properties, thereby offering a promising solution to reduce secondary pollution from spent filters.
