荷叶活性炭吸附铍的效果及机理研究
作者:
赵旭;雷治武;孙一格;王清良;胡鄂明;...
期刊:
金属矿山 ,2024年(05):304-310 ISSN:1001-1250
作者机构:
南华大学核科学与技术学院,湖南 衡阳 421001;[雷治武] 南华大学资源环境与安全工程学院,湖南 衡阳 421001;[雷治武] 核资源与环境国家重点实验室,江西 南昌 330013;安徽农业大学资源与环境学院,安徽 合肥 230000;[赵旭; 胡鄂明; 王清良; 王红强; 吕俊文] 南华大学
关键词:
铍;吸附效果;荷叶活性炭;模型拟合
摘要:
含铍废水有重大环境危害,为了找到低成本且有效的解决办法,采用水热预处理方式制备了荷叶活性炭,并将其用于含Be(Ⅱ)废水的处理.结果表明,荷叶活性炭的吸附效果优异,可以有效去除废水中的铍.最后,结合SEM、FTIR和XRD表征手段,探讨了荷叶活性炭对铍的吸附机理.结果表明:在pH=3.0、铍初始浓度 10 mg/L、荷叶活性炭投加量为 3 g/L、吸附温度为 25℃、吸附平衡时间 30 min的条件下,荷叶活性炭对铍的最佳吸附效率为99%;荷叶活性炭对铍的吸附符合准一级动力学模型和Langmuir等温吸附模型;荷叶活性炭的Langmuir单层吸附量为 30.26 mg/g.荷叶活性炭对铍的吸附机理主要为表面吸附及颗粒内扩散.通过傅里叶变换红外光谱图(FT-IR)、X射线衍射(XRD)等表征手段可知,在吸附过程中,铍与荷叶活性炭上的羟基反应生成了氢氧化铍沉淀.本研究为水相铍污染的可持续修复绿色材料开发作出了贡献.
语种:
中文
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工业废水中铍的去除研究进展
作者:
赵旭;雷治武;孙一格;王清良;胡鄂明;...
期刊:
中国有色冶金 ,2024年53(03):101-110 ISSN:1672-6103
作者机构:
南华大学 核科学与技术学院,湖南 衡阳 421001;南华大学 资源环境与安全工程学院,湖南 衡阳 421001;安徽农业大学 资源与环境学院,安徽 合肥 230000;[赵旭; 胡鄂明; 王清良; 雷治武; 王红强; 吕俊文] 南华大学;[孙一格] 安徽农业大学
关键词:
含铍废水;铍回收;除铍;沉淀法;吸附法;生物法;离子交换法;溶剂萃取法
摘要:
铍是一种有毒金属,对人的身体会造成极大的危害,工业生产中会产生大量的含铍废水,造成极高的生态风险。本文基于前期的研究,综述了不同处理方法(沉淀法、吸附法、离子交换法、溶剂萃取法和生物法)对含铍废水中铍去除的材料用量、处理所需pH值、处理选择性、去除效率、去除机理及回收性能等方面的优劣,以期为开发出绿色高效的除铍方法及综合利用铍资源提供参考。传统的沉淀法在治理铍废水过程中会产生二次污染,并且沉淀剂的使用量较大;吸附法虽然可回收铍,但竞争离子对吸附效果有影响、吸附成本高,开发新型吸附材料、制备廉价吸附剂,才能提高其工业应用价值;离子交换法同样可以回收铍,但工艺废水难以处理,且树脂易氧化失效、费用较高;溶剂萃取法主要用于矿业加工的提取阶段,不适合用于处理工业铍废水;基于生物改性的生物吸附材料则具有使用量低、处理范围广、不易造成二次污染以及选择吸附能力强等优点。因此,研发新型处理工艺,寻求环境友好、价格低廉、处理性能优异的处理方法,是实现高效处理含铍废水的未来发展趋势。以下几点可能成为重点研究方向:制备对铍具有高选择性吸附性能的吸附剂,比如负载碳酸根、磷酸根和羟基等基团的吸附剂;开发高吸附容量的生物吸附剂;综合各种处理方法的优点,开发新型处理工艺。
语种:
中文
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含硫铀废石中铀的赋存特征规律研究
作者:
邓瑶;张锐;王清良;吕俊文;王红强;...
期刊:
铀矿冶 ,2022年41(2):89-95 ISSN:1000-8063
作者机构:
[邓瑶; 胡芳; 雷治武; 张聪; 吕俊文; 胡鄂明; 周龙; 张锐] 南华大学资源环境与安全工程学院;南华大学核燃料循环技术与装备协同创新中心;南华大学衡阳市土壤污染控制与修复重点实验室;[王红强] 南华大学资源环境与安全工程学院<&wdkj&>南华大学衡阳市土壤污染控制与修复重点实验室;[王清良] 南华大学资源环境与安全工程学院<&wdkj&>南华大学核燃料循环技术与装备协同创新中心
关键词:
含硫铀废石;赋存特征;BCR连续分级提取;粒径变化
摘要:
针对江西某退役铀矿含硫铀废石中存在的铀污染问题,以矿区3种不同直径的废石为载体,通过BCR连续分级提取试验研究铀的赋存特征规律,分析了含硫铀废石中不同矿石粒径对铀的赋存形态的影响。研究发现,在不同种类的含硫废石中铀的形态分布存在显著差异。在土壤表层废石(A组)中,铀主要以可氧化态及残渣态存在;在地表块状废石(B组)及边坡上采集的块状岩石(C组)中,铀主要以可还原态及残渣态存在。A组、B组废石中铀含量随矿/废石粒径的减小而增加,C组废石中铀含量受粒径影响较小。在含硫矿石中活性铀与铀含量没有密切关系,S、U、Fe分布特征大体一致。
语种:
中文
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微生物腐败物对U(Ⅵ)的吸附动力学与热力学研究
作者:
邓晨阳;吕俊文;陈子宇
期刊:
南华大学学报(自然科学版) ,2021年35(03):1-6+56 ISSN:1673-0062
作者机构:
[陈子宇; 邓晨阳; 吕俊文] 南华大学资源环境与安全工程学院
关键词:
微生物腐败物;铀;动力学;热力学
摘要:
为了解微生物腐败物对U(Ⅵ)的作用,通过扩大培养微生物,令其自然死亡腐败,制备了微生物腐败物。通过静态实验,对不同pH、反应时间、温度和铀初始质量浓度对微生物腐败物吸附铀的影响进行了研究,并进行了动力学和热力学分析。结果表明,pH、反应温度和铀初始质量浓度均是影响吸附的重要因素,吸附量随着铀初始质量浓度的增加而增加,反应在pH=4,温度为30℃时吸附效果最佳,吸附量为11.922 mg/g,吸附平衡时间为90 min。微生物腐败物对U(Ⅵ)的吸附动力学符合准一级动力学模型,表明吸附过程以物理吸附为主。吸附热力学研究发现其对U(Ⅵ)吸附过程符合Freundlich等温线模型,表明吸附作用过程主要为从外层扩散到内层的多层吸附。
语种:
中文
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基于应用型人才培养的“环境工程经济分析”教学改革研究
作者:
高磊;解金柯;刘迎云;吕俊文;易磊
期刊:
科教文汇(下旬刊) ,2021年(01):102-103 ISSN:1672-7894
作者机构:
南华大学资源环境与安全工程学院 湖南·衡阳 421001;[易磊; 刘迎云; 解金柯; 吕俊文; 高磊] 南华大学
关键词:
环境工程经济分析;环境工程专业;教学改革
摘要:
"环境工程经济分析"是环境工程专业一门研究环境工程的课程,理论性和实践性都很强,它既涵盖了环境工程的相关专业内容,如污水处理和垃圾填埋等处理方案的设计,也包括对环境项目的经济学评估。该文结合市场对此方面人才的需求,总结了"环境工程经济分析"的教学改革内容,并针对需要关注的问题给出了合理化的分析。
语种:
中文
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信息熵理论对呼和浩特市饮用地下水质量影响因素分析
作者:
崔敏;吕俊文;邓晨阳
期刊:
区域治理 ,2020年(27):20-24 ISSN:2096-4595
作者机构:
南华大学资源环境与安全工程学院;内蒙古环境监测站;衡阳市土壤污染控制重点实验室;[崔敏; 邓晨阳; 吕俊文] 南华大学
关键词:
地下水水质;信息熵理论;水质指数熵;影响因素
摘要:
地下水是我国华北与西北的主要饮用水源,地下水水质的饮用安全性、饮用的适宜性和水质的影响因素大家极为关注.本文应用信息熵理论对内蒙古呼和浩特市城区的9个饮用地下水监测水井10年(2010—2019年)监测数据进行分析,对其地下水水质进行评价和影响因素进行了研究.结果显示,除了四厂和东门外厂的地下水属于中等型水质类型,其他均为良好型水质类型;研究区地下水水质受到采水量与降雨量影响;采水量对各水厂的地下水质量影响的程度从小到大排序为:白塔厂<如意厂<一厂<金川厂<五厂<二厂<三厂<东门外厂<四厂;地下水水质熵指数随着降雨熵的增大而降低.研究结果可以为采水量地下水资源管理提供参考.
语种:
中文
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地浸终采残留液对某砂岩型铀矿的浸出性能研究
作者:
雷宗宇;仇月双;蒋宇红;吕俊文;戈玉华
期刊:
铀矿冶 ,2020年39(02):79-86 ISSN:1000-8063
作者机构:
南华大学资源环境与安全工程学院,湖南衡阳421001;核工业北京化工冶金研究院,北京101149;[戈玉华; 雷宗宇; 吕俊文] 南华大学;[蒋宇红; 仇月双] 核工业北京化工冶金研究院
关键词:
铀矿;酸法地浸采铀;残留液;浸出动力学
摘要:
为推动终场采场残留液在地浸采铀中的利用,通过室内静态试验,研究了酸法地浸终采残留液对砂岩铀矿含矿岩芯的浸出条件和浸出动力学。试验结果表明:1)该砂岩岩芯适合酸法浸出;2)残留液对该矿在自然粒径下的最佳浸出条件:固液质量体积比为1∶8 g/mL,浸出时间为48 h,双氧水加入质量浓度为1 g/L,铀浸出率为77.36%。残留液的铀浸出动力学研究(反应活化能Ea=27.519 kJ/mol)结果表明,残留液对该铀矿的浸出过程主要受混合控制。该研究可为终场残留液在地浸采铀中的应用提供参考。
语种:
中文
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土壤细菌胞外聚合产物对溶液中U(VI)的去除动力学研究
作者:
董雪洁;宋平;吕俊文;邓晨阳
期刊:
南华大学学报(自然科学版) ,2020年34(03):68-72 ISSN:1673-0062
作者机构:
南华大学 资源环境与安全工程学院,湖南 衡阳421001;湖南省核工业中心实验室,湖南 长沙410100;衡阳市土壤污染控制与修复重点实验室,湖南 衡阳421001;[董雪洁; 邓晨阳; 吕俊文] 南华大学;[宋平] 湖南省核工业中心
关键词:
土壤细菌;胞外聚合物;铀;动力学分析
摘要:
通过分离和扩培土壤细菌,提取其胞外聚合产物,进行在不同温度下对土壤细菌胞外聚合产物和土壤细菌产量的影响研究,同时进行反应时间对土壤细菌胞外聚合产物去除溶液中U(VI)的影响研究。采用准一级动力学方程和准二级动力学方程对其进行动力学进行分析,研究结果显示在303 K下培养土壤细菌并进行土壤细菌胞外聚合产物的提取较为合适。298 K、308 K和318 K的温度下,土壤细菌胞外聚合产物去除U(VI)在120 min左右达到反应平衡,平衡去除量分别为4. 97 mg/g,8. 75 mg/g,6. 96 mg/g。准二级动力学方程比准一级动力学方程能更好的描述反应进程,说明了土壤细菌胞外聚合产物去除U(VI)是一个以化学机制为主的反应。
语种:
中文
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工程教育认证背景下OBE教育理念的借鉴与思考
作者:
谭文发;周英;吕俊文;房琦;吴晓燕
期刊:
教育现代化 ,2019年(07):28-30 ISSN:2095-8420
作者机构:
1. 南华大学资源环境与安全工程学院;2. 南华大学船山学院
关键词:
工程教育认证;环境工程;人才培养
摘要:
环境工程专业的教育强调知识的应用性,注重培养学生分析问题、解决问题的能力。为促进工程教育的国际互认,环境工程专业工程教育认证势在必行。南华大学环境专业是在原核工业第六研究所通风辐射防护室等基础上发展而来的,特色鲜明。近年,南华大学环境工程专业基于 OBE(Outcome based education)教育模式,紧紧围绕学校"一基三实"中强调的"把人才培养做实","把服务社会做实"的学校发展思路,在培养目标分解、理论课程体系和实践教学改革、学生创新能力培养、评估体系完善和高素质教师队伍建设等方面进行了一系列的改革与尝试,取得了良好效果。
语种:
中文
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The effect of laterite density on radon diffusion behavior
作者:
Li, Yongmei;Tan, Wanyu;Tan, Kaixuan* ;Liu, Zehua;Fang, Qi;...
期刊:
Applied Radiation and Isotopes ,2018年132:164-169 ISSN:0969-8043
通讯作者:
Tan, Kaixuan
作者机构:
[Guo, Yueyue; Li, Yongmei; Liu, Zehua; Tan, Wanyu; Tan, Kaixuan; Duan, Xianzhe] Univ South China, Sch Nucl Resources Engn, Hengyang 421001, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Fang, Qi; Lv, Junwen; Liu, Zhenzhong] Univ South China, Sch Environm Protect & Safety Engn, Hengyang 421001, Hunan, Peoples R China.
通讯机构:
[Tan, Kaixuan] U;Univ South China, Sch Nucl Resources Engn, Hengyang 421001, Hunan, Peoples R China.
关键词:
Diffusion coefficient;Laterite;Radon;Soil density
摘要:
Radon generated in porous media such as soils and rocks migrates into indoor and outdoor air mainly by diffusion, possessing significant hazards to human health. In order to reduce these hazards of radon, it is of great importance to study the diffusion behavior of radon. In this study, we systematically measured the radon diffusion coefficient of laterite with the density ranging from 0.917 g cm<sup>−3</sup>to 2.238 g cm<sup>−3</sup>, and studied the effect of laterite density on the radon diffusion. The results show that the radon diffusion coefficient of the laterite generally decreases with the increasing laterite density. In addition, three possible relationships between the radon diffusion coefficient and the laterite density are found out as follows: (1) the linear correlation with a slope of −4.48 ×10<sup>−6</sup>for laterite with density ranging from 0.917 to 1.095 g cm<sup>−3</sup>, (2) the exponential correlation for laterite with density from 1.095 to 1.63 g cm<sup>−3</sup>, (3) linear correlation with a slope of −3.1 ×10<sup>−7</sup>for laterite with density from 1.63 to 2.238 g cm<sup>−3</sup>. The complex relationship between the radon diffusion coefficient and density is caused by the change of porosity and tortuosity of the laterite. Therefore, we suggest that a suitable density should be adopted while using the laterite to effectively cover uranium tailings or economically produce building materials that can curb the radon exhalation.<br/> ©2017 Elsevier Ltd
语种:
英文
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Evaluation of Contamination and the Ecological Risk of the Heavy Metals in the Farmland Soil Influenced around an Uranium Mine in Southwest China
作者:
YONG SONG;JUN-WEN LV;YUAN-YUAN ZHANG;QI FANG
期刊:
DEStech Transactions on Environment, Energy and Earth Sciences ,2018年(epee):210-214
作者机构:
[YONG SONG; JUN-WEN LV; YUAN-YUAN ZHANG; QI FANG] School of Environmental Protection and Safety Engineering, University of South China
会议名称:
2017 2nd International Conference on Energy, Power and Electrical Engineering(EPEE 2017)
会议时间:
2017-11-26
会议地点:
中国上海
摘要:
The farmland surface soils effected by uranium tailing were sampled, and the contents of 238U, 232Th, 226Ra, Cu, As, Cd, Pb and Zn in the samples were analyzed. The Index of Geoaccumulation a
语种:
英文
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改性锯末对铀的吸附机理研究
作者:
宋勇;吕俊文;张园园;张潮滨;黎炽昊;...
期刊:
安全与环境工程 ,2018年25(3):86-92+129 ISSN:1671-1556
作者机构:
南华大学环境与安全工程学院,湖南衡阳,421001;[张园园; 宋勇; 黎炽昊; 吕俊文; 房琦; 张潮滨] 南华大学
关键词:
锯末;改性;铀;吸附机理
摘要:
基于锯末的吸附类型对锯末进行改性,通过静态吸附试验,研究改性锯末对模拟废水中铀的吸附影响因素以及吸附过程中的动力学和热力学行为,并分析改性锯末对铀的吸附机理.结果表明:氯化锌改性的锯末对铀的吸附效果最好;在溶液pH=4.5时,改性锯末对铀的去除率最高;改性锯末对铀的吸附平衡时间约为30 min;改性锯末对铀的吸附遵循Langmuir吸附等温线,符合准二级动力学方程;改性锯末对铀的吸附热力学参数△H=-25.792 kJ/mol、△G=-16.327~-15.851 kJ/mol、△S=-31.760 J/(mol· K)均小于零,说明吸附反应是一个放热自发的过程.SEM和FTIR分析表明:改性锯末对铀的吸附主要是表面络合吸附,吸附后改性锯末的表面变得相对平整;参与吸附活动的官能团主要为改性锯末表面的酰胺基、羟基、酮基和芳烃C-H键等基团.
语种:
中文
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Numerical simulation to quantify the leakage risk in a multi-layer aquifer system of pure brine recovery and CO2 -enhanced brine recovery: a case study of potassium-rich brine recovery in Jianghan Basin of China
作者:
Fang, Qi;Lv, Junwen;Peng, Guojian* ;Luo, Caiwu;Li, Mi;...
期刊:
Environmental Earth Sciences ,2017年76(13):1-11 ISSN:1866-6280
通讯作者:
Peng, Guojian
作者机构:
[Li, Mi; Fang, Qi; Lv, Junwen; Tan, Wenfa; Luo, Caiwu; Luo, Yingfeng] Univ South China, Sch Environm & Safety Engn, Hengyang 421001, Peoples R China.;[Peng, Guojian] Univ South China, Sch Comp Sci & Technol, Hengyang 421001, Peoples R China.
通讯机构:
[Peng, Guojian] U;Univ South China, Sch Comp Sci & Technol, Hengyang 421001, Peoples R China.
关键词:
Pure brine recovery (PBR);CO2-enhanced brine recovery (CO2-EBR);A multi-layer aquifer;Leakage risk;Pressure control
摘要:
Deep brine recovery enhanced by supercritical CO2 injection is proposed to be a win–win method for the enhancement of brine production and CO2 storage capacity and security. However, the cross-flow through interlayers under different permeability conditions is not well investigated for a multi-layer aquifer system. In this work, a multi-layer aquifer system with different permeability conditions was built up to quantify the brine production yield and the leakage risk under both schemes of pure brine recovery and enhanced by supercritical CO2. Numerical simulation results show that the permeability conditions of the interlayers have a significant effect on the brine production and the leakage risk as well as the regional pressure. Brine recovery enhanced by supercritical CO2 injection can improve the brine production yield by a factor of 2–3.5 compared to the pure brine recovery. For the pure brine recovery, strong cross-flow through interlayers occurs due to the drastic and extensive pressure drop, even for the relative low permeability (k=10−20m2) mudstone interlayers. Brine recovery enhanced by supercritical CO2 can successfully manage the regional pressure and decrease the leakage risk, even for the relative high permeability (k=10−17m2) mudstone interlayers. In addition, since the leakage of brine mainly occurs in the early stage of brine production, it is possible to minimize the leakage risk by gradually decreasing the brine production pressure at the early stage. Since the leakage of CO2 occurs in the whole production period and is significantly influenced by the buoyancy force, it may be more effective by adopting horizontal wells and optimizing well placement to reduce the CO2 leakage risk. © 2017, Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany.
语种:
英文
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超临界CO2强化深层卤水开采的井群布设方法
作者:
彭国建;房琦;谭凯旋;吕俊文
期刊:
南华大学学报(自然科学版) ,2017年31(4):47-52 ISSN:1673-0062
作者机构:
南华大学 计算机学院,湖南 衡阳,421001;南华大学 环境与安全工程学院,湖南 衡阳,421001;南华大学 核资源工程学院,湖南 衡阳,421001;[彭国建; 吕俊文; 谭凯旋; 房琦] 南华大学
关键词:
超临界CO2强化卤水开采;井群布设方法;矩形井网;三角形井网
摘要:
超临界CO2强化深层卤水开采可显著地提高卤水的开采效率,同时增强CO2的封存安全也是一种实现卤水高效开发和减缓温室效应的双赢选择.本文通过数值模拟的方法对比研究了不同井群布设方法下超临界CO2强化深层卤水开采的效果,得到的结论如下:无论是矩形井网法还是三角形井网法,超临界CO2强化深层卤水开采的效果都是非常显著的.基于提出的4种布井方法,从卤水开采总量、卤水越流风险、CO2注入总量、CO2泄漏比和区域压力调控这几个方面对比分析:7B6C与9B4C相当、6B7C次之、4B9C效果略差,整体上集中式的三角形井网法略优于矩形井网法,但这两种布井方法没有明显的优势差别.因此,在实际的超临界CO2强化卤水开采项目中,可根据现场地形和工程条件选择比较合适的布井方法.
语种:
中文
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Study on kinetics of adsorption of humic acid modified by ferric chloride on U(VI)
作者:
Zhang, Y. Y.;Lv, J. W.* ;Song, Y.;Dong, X. J.;Fang, Q.
期刊:
IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science ,2017年94(1):012185 ISSN:1755-1307
通讯作者:
Lv, J. W.
作者机构:
[Lv, J. W.; Song, Y.; Dong, X. J.; Fang, Q.; Zhang, Y. Y.] Univ South China, Sch Environm Protect & Safety Engn, Hengyang City 421001, Peoples R China.
通讯机构:
[Lv, J. W.] U;Univ South China, Sch Environm Protect & Safety Engn, Hengyang City 421001, Peoples R China.
会议地点:
Northwestern Polytechnical University, Singapore, SINGAPORE
会议主办单位:
Northwestern Polytechnical University
会议论文集名称:
IOP Conference Series-Earth and Environmental Science
关键词:
Biological materials;Chlorination;Chlorine compounds;Kinetic parameters;Kinetic theory;Kinetics;Organic acids;pH;Uranium;Adsorption equilibria;Adsorption kinetics;Adsorption mechanism;Batch experiments;Chemical adsorption;Influence of pH;Pseudo-first order kinetic model;Pseudo-second-order kinetic models;Adsorption
摘要:
In order to reveal the adsorption mechanism of the ferric chloride modified humic acid on uranium, the influence of pH value and contact time of adsorption on uranium was studied through a series of batch experiments. Meanwhile, the adsorption kinetics was analyzed with pseudo-first order kinetic model and pseudo-second order kinetic model. The results show that adsorption is affected by the pH value of the solution and by contract time, and the best condition for adsorption on uranium is at pH=5 and the adsorption equilibrium time is about 80 min. Kinetics of HA-Fe adsorption on uranium accords with pseudo-second order kinetic model. The adsorption is mainly chemical adsorption, and complexes were produced by the reaction between uranium ions and the functional groups on the surface of HA-Fe, which can provide reference for further study of humic acid effecting on the migration of U(VI) in soil. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.
语种:
英文
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表面活性剂提高铀矿石浸出率研究
作者:
Lü* ;, Yang;, Junwen;Zhou, Jianliang;Shen, Jian
期刊:
稀有金属 ,2016年40(2):182-187 ISSN:0258-7076
通讯作者:
Lü, Junwen(jwlv9892@aliyun.com)
作者机构:
南华大学核科学技术学院, 湖南, 衡阳, 421001;南华大学环境保护与安全工程学院, 湖南, 衡阳, 421001;南华大学核资源工程学院, 湖南, 衡阳, 421001;[吕洋; Zhou, Jianliang] 南华大学核科学技术学院, 湖南, 衡阳, 421001;[吕俊文] 南华大学环境保护与安全工程学院, 湖南, 衡阳, 421001
通讯机构:
School of Environment Protection and Safety Engineering, University of South China, Hengyang, China
关键词:
表面活性剂;表面张力;渗透性;铀浸出率
摘要:
为了解决铀矿堆浸过程中渗透性差以及浸出率不高的问题, 通过添加表面活性剂提高渗透性而强化铀矿石浸出。 本研究采用静态实验研究3种不同的表面活性剂脂肪酸甲酯磺酸盐(MES)、 十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS)、 吐温80对铀浸出率的影响, 并测定溶浸剂的表面张力, 选出使铀浸出率提升最大的表面活性剂后确定其最佳用量; 再通过动态柱实验进一步研究铀矿堆浸过程中表面活性剂对渗透性大小的改变及铀浸出率的影响。 静态实验结果表明: 3种表面活性剂均能提高铀浸出率, 其中十二烷基硫酸钠对铀的浸出效果最好且使溶浸剂表面张力降低最低, 为52.94%; 接近临界胶束浓度时铀浸出率最高, 故选用0.008 mol·L~(-1)的十二烷基硫酸钠进行动态实验。 动态实验结果表明: 十二烷基硫酸钠的加入最终使实验柱的渗透系数提高至4.6倍, 铀的浸出率由48.41%提升至60.20%, 增加了11.79%。 表面活性剂增大了铀矿石堆浸过程中的渗透性, 使铀浸出率提高。
语种:
中文
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Application of a combination of municipal solid waste incineration fly ash and lightweight aggregate in concrete
作者:
Tan, Wen-fa* ;Lv, Jun-wen;Deng, Qin-wen;Zhang, Xiao-wen
期刊:
Journal of Adhesion Science and Technology ,2016年30(8):866-877 ISSN:0169-4243
通讯作者:
Tan, Wen-fa
作者机构:
[Tan, Wen-fa; Zhang, Xiao-wen; Lv, Jun-wen; Deng, Qin-wen] Univ South China, Dept Environm Engn, Hengyang 421001, Peoples R China.
通讯机构:
[Tan, Wen-fa] U;Univ South China, Dept Environm Engn, Hengyang 421001, Peoples R China.
关键词:
Aggregates;Cements;Compressive strength;Concrete mixtures;Concretes;Fly ash;Hazardous materials;Hazards;Incineration;Light weight concrete;Municipal solid waste;Portland cement;Sintering;Solid wastes;Thermal conductivity;Apparent density;Coarse aggregates;Concentration limits;Hazardous wastes;Light weight aggregate;Lightweight aggregate concrete;Municipal solid waste incineration fly ashes;Optimum performance;Waste incineration
摘要:
This paper highlights significant findings from focusing on developing a sustainable lightweight aggregate (LWA) concrete, which replaced Portland cement partially with municipal solid waste incineration fly ash (MSWI FA) and all of the conventional coarse aggregate with LWA sintered by MSWI FA, shale, and sludge. A series of four experiments, differing in dosage of MSWI FA and aggregate, were conducted for this project. The results of this study generally showed that appropriate amount of MSWI FA substitution for cement has no significantly lowered the compressive strengths of LWA concrete, while it can lower the oven-dry density and the thermal conductivity. The optimum performance of LWA concrete (after 28 days of curing) is as follows: (1) slump flow of 700 mm, (2) compressive strength of 30.14 MPa, (3) dry apparent density of 1.66 g/cm3, (4) thermal conductivity of 0.73 W (m K)-1; the mixture ratio of LWA, fly ash, cement, and fine sand is 3.0:0.1:0.9:2.0 based on dry weight. Meanwhile, the results of leaching test are much lower than the concentration limits of hazardous constituents of hazardous waste identification standard (GB/T 5083.3-2007) and landfill standard (GB16889-2008). © 2015 Taylor & Francis.
语种:
英文
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Effects of feldspar and salinity on the mineral sequestration capacity of CO2 in high-salinity aquifers
作者:
Fang, Qi* ;Li, Yilian;Peng, Guojian;Cheng, Peng;Lv, Junwen
期刊:
Environmental Earth Sciences ,2016年75(18):1-13 ISSN:1866-6280
通讯作者:
Fang, Qi
作者机构:
[Fang, Qi; Lv, Junwen] Univ South China, Sch Environm Protect & Safety Engn, Hengyang 421001, Peoples R China.;[Li, Yilian] China Univ Geosci, Sch Environm Studies, Wuhan 430074, Peoples R China.;[Peng, Guojian] Univ South China, Sch Comp Sci & Technol, Hengyang 421001, Peoples R China.;[Cheng, Peng] Team 217 Hunan Nonferrous Geol Explorat Bur, Hengyang 421001, Peoples R China.
通讯机构:
[Fang, Qi] U;Univ South China, Sch Environm Protect & Safety Engn, Hengyang 421001, Peoples R China.
关键词:
CO2 geological storage;Mineral sequestration capacity;Feldspar;Salinity;High-salinity aquifers
摘要:
Mineral sequestration of CO2 is considered to be the safest mechanism in the long-term storage of CO2 in deep saline aquifers. This study aims to investigate the effect of feldspar and salinity on the mineral sequestration capacity of CO2 in deep high-salinity brine aquifers by taking Jiangling Depression of Jianghan Basin for instance. Numerical simulation on the long-term geochemical reaction and transport was performed by taking TOUGHREACT as the simulation tool. Simulation results indicate that the effect of feldspar on the mineral trapping capacity of CO2 does not depend on the total content of feldspar, but depends on feldspar type and relative content. With Mg-rich minerals such as chlorite or dolomite present, the mineral composition abundant in K-feldspar is less favorable for the mineral sequestration capacity of CO2 for the reason that a large amount of illite precipitates, consuming a lot of Al3+ in the aqueous solution, thereby limiting the precipitation of dawsonite, especially for the high-temperature sedimentary environment. In addition, the effect of salinity on the mineral sequestration capacity of CO2 represents two aspects: one for the longer migration distance due to the lower solubility of higher salinity and the other for CO2 mineral trapping capacity per 1m3 medium which is not in simple decreased with salinity, depending on K-feldspar present or not. For the mineral composition with K-feldspar present, CO2 mineral trapping capacity decreases with salinity, while with albite instead of K-feldspar, it increases with salinity owing to more precipitation of dawsonite. © 2016, Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg.
语种:
英文
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Investigation of gamma ray shielding efficiency and mechanical performances of concrete shields containing bismuth oxide as an environmentally friendly additive
作者:
Yao, Ya;Zhang, Xiaowen* ;Li, Mi;Yang, Rong;Jiang, Tianjiao;...
期刊:
Radiation Physics and Chemistry ,2016年127:188-193 ISSN:0969-806X
通讯作者:
Zhang, Xiaowen
作者机构:
[Yao, Ya; Yang, Rong; Jiang, Tianjiao] Univ South China, Sch Environm Protect & Safety Engn, Hengyang 42100, Peoples R China.;[Li, Mi; Lv, Junwen; Zhang, Xiaowen] Univ South China, Key Lab Radioact Waste Treatment & Disposal, Hengyang 421001, Hunan, Peoples R China.
通讯机构:
[Zhang, Xiaowen] U;Univ South China, Key Lab Radioact Waste Treatment & Disposal, Hengyang 421001, Hunan, Peoples R China.
关键词:
Bismuth oxide;Compressive strength;Concrete;Lead oxide;Linear attenuation coefficient
摘要:
Concrete has a proven ability to attenuate gamma rays and neutrons without compromising structural property;therefore, it is widely used as the primary shielding material in many nuclear facilities. Recently, there is a tendency toward using various additives to enhance the shielding properties of these concrete mixtures. However, most of these additives being used either pose hygiene hazards or require special handling processes. It would be ideal if environmentally friendly additives were available for use. The bismuth oxide (Bi<inf>2</inf>O<inf>3</inf>) additive shows promise in various shielding applications due to its proven radiation attenuation ability and environmentally friendly nature. To the best of our knowledge, however, Bi<inf>2</inf>O<inf>3</inf>has never been used in concrete mixtures. Therefore, for this research, we fabricated the Bi<inf>2</inf>O<inf>3</inf>-based concrete mixtures by adding Bi<inf>2</inf>O<inf>3</inf>powder in the ordinary concrete mixture. Concrete mixtures with lead oxide (PbO) additives were used for comparison. Radiation shielding parameters like the linear attenuation coefficients (LAC) of all these concrete mixtures showing the effects of the Bi<inf>2</inf>O<inf>3</inf>additions are presented. The mechanical performances of concrete mixtures incorporated with Bi<inf>2</inf>O<inf>3</inf>additive were also investigated. It suggested that the concrete mixture containing 25% Bi<inf>2</inf>O<inf>3</inf>powder (B5 in this study) provided the best shielding capacity and mechanical performance among other mixes. It has a significant potential for application as a structural concrete where radiological protection capability is required. ©2016 Elsevier Ltd
语种:
英文
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生物技术处理含铀废水的研究进展
作者:
谭文发;吕俊文;唐东山
期刊:
生物技术通报 ,2015年31(3):82-87 ISSN:1002-5464
作者机构:
[谭文发; 吕俊文; 唐东山] 南华大学环境工程系;南华大学放射性三废处理与处置重点实验室
关键词:
含铀废水;微生物;转化;机理
摘要:
随着核能的大力推广与应用,放射性含铀废水的种类和数量越来越多,为防止水体中放射性核素迁移扩散,含铀放射性废水的有效处理成为一项亟待解决的问题。目前研究前沿的生物处理方法具有高效、价廉的优势,对于含铀废水的治理前景乐观。综述了近几年生物法处理含铀废水的进展,评述了生物法处理含铀废水的主要原理及其优缺点,并提出生物技术处理含铀废水的进一步研究方向。
语种:
中文
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