Objective To comparative the effect of flexible ureteroscope and percutaneous nephrolithotomy by holmium laser for complicated upper urinary calculi. Methods Patients were diagnosed as complicated upper urinary calculi, 48 cases of URL group were performed ureteroscopic lithotripsy and 55 cases of PCNL group were performed percutaneous nephrolithotomy. Comparative the operation time, peri-operative bleeding and stone-free rate of the two operating methods, observe the adverse reactions. Results The stone-free rate in four weeks of URL group was...