In this study, a cladding surface temperature prediction method based on an adaptive RBF neural network was proposed. This method can significantly improve the accuracy and efficiency of the thermal safety evaluation of the lead–bismuth fast reactor. First, based on the sub-channel analysis program SUBCHANFLOW, the core sub-channel model of the small lead–bismuth fast reactor SPALLER-100 was established. Second, the calculated 2000 groups of core power distribution and coolant flow distribution data were used as training samples. The adaptive...