Microcystin-LR (MC-LR), a potent cyclic heptapeptide hepatotoxin released by Microcystis aeruginosa , poses significant threats to aquatic ecosystems and human health. Although microbial degradation provides an eco-friendly remediation strategy, approaches to actively modulate microbial physiology for improved detoxification remain poorly defined. Here, we hypothesize that bioelectrochemical stimulation via microbial fuel cells (MFCs) can enhance the metabolic activity and MC-LR degradation capacity of the facultative anaerobe Alcaligenes faeca...