Objective: To investigate whether macrophage-activating lipopeptide-2 (MALP-2) induces the expression of hemoxygenase-1 (HO-1) in THP-1 cells and to further elucidate its possible regulatory mechanism for a better understanding of protective response upon mycoplasma infection. Methods: THP-1 cells were cultured in vitro and stimulated by MALP-2 at different concentrations for 12 h. THP-1 cells were incubated with TLR2 or TLR6 neutralizing antibodies, or transfected with their dominant negative plasmids to evaluate the effects of TLR2 and TLR6 o...