Uranium is a hazardous radioactive pollutant commonly produced from nuclear energy development and nuclear accidents. It has posed a potentially serious threat to the environment and human health. Thus, it is crucial to develop adsorptive sensors for adsorbing and detecting uranium in the environment. Here, we have synthesized a novel eco-friendly luminescent Tb-doped Ca-deficient hydroxyapatite utilizing agar as a template (denoted as “Tb-DEF-HAP/agar”) to sensitively and selectively adsorb and detect UO22+ ion. Ca2+ vacancy defects within t...