Pickling is an important pretreatment process before the cold drawing, and the factors which influence the effects of pickling include acid concentration, temperature, pickling time, and so on. The cold drawn 45 steel materials which are commonly used in the drive shaft were taken as an example in this paper, it used the orthogonal experiment method to optimize the pickling process parameters such as acid concentration, pickling temperature, pickling time, and so on, then evaluated and analyzed the surface quality and the plasticity performance...