Pores are some of the most common defects that form during direct laser deposition of ceramic materials. A mathematical model of pore formation for Al2O3-ZrO2 ceramic was developed. The pore formation model, which was developed from the bubble escape factor, reveals the relationship between the movement of the solid-liquid interface of the molten pool and that of the bubbles. In the frontier region of the molten pool, with increasing laser power, the proportion of bubbles that escaped and the area from which bubbles escaped increased. With increasing laser power, the actual and theoretical por...
