A novel topological index ND1, ND2, ND3 based on distance matrix and branching degree of atoms in a molecule was proposed by defining equilibrium electronegativity of atoms in the molecules and giving color to atoms in molecular graph with equilibrium electronegativity, which appears uniquely to the molecular structures and has excellent structural selectivity. Topological indexes ND1, ND2, ND3 were affected by critical temperature, critical pressure and critical volume. Correlation coefficients of the multiple regressions were 0.9986, 0.9980, 0.9966, respectively. The calculated values of the...