Titanium alloys are acclaimed for their remarkable biocompatibility, high specific strength, excellent corrosion resistance, and stable performance in high and low temperatures. These characteristics render them invaluable in a multitude of sectors, including biomedicine, shipbuilding, aerospace, and daily life. According to the different phases, the alloys can be broadly categorized into alpha-titanium and beta-titanium, and these alloys demonstrate unique properties shaped by their respective phases. The hexagonal close-packed structure of alpha-titanium alloys is notably associated with sup...
