In the one-step bioleaching process of uranium by Aspergillus niger, the formation mechanism and uranium bioleaching model of bio-ore pellets were explored and proposed. The results showed that the formation of bioore pellets could be divided into three phases. In the adaptive-growth phase, a small number of ore particles were adsorbed by mycelia to form flake mycelia with a diameter of 1-2 mm. In the rapid-growth phase, ore particles began to gather and form stable bio-ore pellets (diameter reaching 4.98 mm) owing to the force of electrostatic attraction, secretion of organic acids, and EPS a...