AbstractGoethite is a stable and widespread mineral in soil, which affects the transportation and immobilization of heavy metals in soil. Here, the three-dimensional flower-like goethite (TDFLG) was synthesized by refluxing precipitation method. The modified three-dimensional flower-like goethite (MTDFLG) was prepared by NaH2PO4 with dipping method. The obtained samples were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis, N2 adsorption–desorption (BET), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). SEM images showed...