We certify that protamine-gold nanoclusters (PRT-AuNCs) synthesized by one-pot method exhibit peroxidase-like activity. The catalytic activity of PRT-AuNCs followed typical Michaelis-Menten kinetics and exhibited higher affinity to 3,3',5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) as the substrate compared to that of natural horseradish peroxidase. Meanwhile, we found that Hg(II) could dramatically and selectively enhance the peroxidase-like activity of PRT-AuNCs, and the enhanced mechanism by Hg(II) was demonstrated to be generation of the cationic Au species and the partly oxidized Au species (Au(delta+)...