Abstract In recent years, with the continuous development of photoactive layer material, the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of bulk heterojunction (BHJ) binary organic solar cells (BOSCs) has been significantly improved. However, it is difficult for BOSCs to maximize the effective utilization of the wide spectrum of solar energy, limiting the further improvement of PCE. Adding a third component to BOSCs that constructing ternary organic solar cells (TOSCs) is an effective method to broaden the absorption spectrum of BOSC, match the gradient ...