作者机构:
[Xiao, Detao; Hu, Yihao; Wu, Haibiao; Xiao, DT] Univ South China, Sch Nucl Sci & Technol, Hengyang 421001, Peoples R China.;[Zhang, Peng; Wang, Baoyi; Cao, Xingzhong; Li, Chong; Wei, Long; Liu, Fuyan; Wei, L; Kuang, Peng; Cao, XZ] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst High Energy Phys, Beijing 100049, Peoples R China.;[Wang, Baoyi; Cao, Xingzhong; Wei, Long; Wei, L; Cao, XZ] Univ Chinese Acad Sci, Beijing 100039, Peoples R China.;[Wu, Haibiao] Univ South China, Affilated Hosp 1, Hengyang 421001, Peoples R China.
通讯机构:
[Wei, L ; Cao, XZ] C;[Xiao, DT ] U;Univ South China, Sch Nucl Sci & Technol, Hengyang 421001, Peoples R China.;Chinese Acad Sci, Inst High Energy Phys, Beijing 100049, Peoples R China.;Univ Chinese Acad Sci, Beijing 100039, Peoples R China.
关键词:
Monte Carlo simulation;multi-elemental targets;muonic x-ray;distribution of muonic atoms
摘要:
Determining the distribution of muonic atoms is essential for & mu;-X ray imaging. In this study, the generation and de-excitation of muonic atoms in multi-elemental targets were simulated using the Monte Carlo software toolkit Geant4. An approach that reconstructs the production sites of muonic atoms from the & mu;-X ray momentum is proposed. The imaging results indicated a high simulated spatial resolution of 0.1 mm and a significant increase in the detection efficiency compared to that achieved by the 3-mm pinhole imaging technique. In addition, an analysis of the image quality index (Q) revealed that a superior image quality can be achieved for elements with high and medium atomic numbers. The proposed method has the potential to be further developed into an accurate and efficient technique for positioning the distribution of elements.
期刊:
Physics of the Dark Universe,2023年42:101308 ISSN:2212-6864
通讯作者:
Lin, WB
作者机构:
[Li, Jie] Univ South China, Sch Nucl Sci & Technol, Hengyang 421001, Peoples R China.;[Lin, Wenbin; Yang, Bo; Lin, WB] Univ South China, Sch Math & Phys, Hengyang 421001, Peoples R China.;[Wang, Yu] Univ Rome, Dip Fis, ICRA, Ple Aldo Moro 5, I-00185 Rome, Italy.;[Lin, Wenbin] Southwest Jiaotong Univ, Sch Phys Sci & Technol, Chengdu 610031, Peoples R China.
通讯机构:
[Lin, WB ] U;Univ South China, Sch Math & Phys, Hengyang 421001, Peoples R China.
关键词:
Quark stars;Massive gravity;MIT bag model;Tolman-Oppenheimer-Volkoff equation
摘要:
We investigate the structure of quark stars in de Rham-Gabadadze-Tolley like massive gravity with an anisotropic matter source. The MIT bag model as the equation of state for compact stars is used to numerically solve the modified Tolman-Oppenheimer-Volkoff equation. We analyze the effects of bag constant, anisotropy parameter and massive gravity parameters on the structure of quark stars. The results show that the mass and radius of the quark star depend on these parameters significantly, and the maximum mass can satisfy the observational data for the massive pulsar PSR J0348+0432. Furthermore, we also discuss other properties of quark stars, including dynamical stability, Schwarzschild radius and compactness.& COPY; 2023 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
摘要:
To address the imperative need for efficient removal of uranium-containing wastewater and mitigate radioactive contamination risks associated with nuclear energy, the development of materials with high removal efficiency and facile separation is crucial. This study designed and synthesised MnO(2)@chitosan (CTS) composite aerogel beads by in-situ growing δ-MnO(2) on porous CTS aerogel beads. This approach not only mitigates the agglomeration of MnO(2) nanospheres but also significantly enhances the porous structure and surface area of MnO(2)@CTS. These cost-effective and eco-friendly millimeter-scale spherical aerogels exhibited convenient separation properties after adsorption. These characteristics help mitigate the risk of equipment seam blockage and secondary pollution that are often associated with powdered adsorbents. Additionally, MnO(2)@CTS exhibited remarkable mechanical strength (stress approximately 0.55MPa at 60% strain), enabling rapid separation and easy regeneration while maintaining high adsorption performance even after five cycles. Significantly, MnO(2)@CTS exhibited a maximum adsorption capacity of 410.7mg/g at pH 6 and 298K, surpassing reported values for most CTS/MnO(2)-based adsorbents. The chemisorption process of U(VI) on MnO(2)@CTS followed the pseudo-second-order kinetic and Dubinin-Radushkevish models. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis further confirmed the reduction of U(VI) to U(V/IV). These findings highlight the substantial potential of MnO(2)@CTS aerogel beads for U(VI) removal from aqueous solutions, positioning them as a promising solution for addressing U(VI) contamination in wastewater.
期刊:
International Journal of Biological Macromolecules,2023年253(Pt 4):126884 ISSN:0141-8130
通讯作者:
Elwakeel, KZ
作者机构:
[Ahmed, Marwan M.; Akhdhar, Abdullah; Elwakeel, Khalid Z.; Khan, Ziya A.; Sulaiman, Mohamed G. M.; Alghamdi, Huda M.] Univ Jeddah, Coll Sci, Dept Chem, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.;[Elwakeel, Khalid Z.] Port Said Univ, Fac Sci, Environm Sci Dept, Environm Chem Div, Port Said, Egypt.;[Hamza, Mohammed F.] Univ South China, Sch Nucl Sci & Technol, Heng Yang 421001, Peoples R China.;[Hamza, Mohammed F.] Nucl Mat Author, POB 530, Cairo, Egypt.
关键词:
Heavy metal extraction;Polysaccharides;Gum Arabic-alginate;Flow rate;Well water
摘要:
The change of composition of an adsorbent material has been widely used as a method to increase its adsorption capacity, particularly concerning adsorbents made of polysaccharides. Introducing magnetic adsorbents into contaminated water treatment systems is a highly promising strategy, as it promotes the metal ions removal from water. Considering this, gum Arabic (GA) was associated with alginate (Alg), when magnetite nanoparticles were present or absent, to produce beads that were utilised to take up Cu(II), Cd(II), and Pb(II) from aqueous solution. After a complete characterisation (for which Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, scanning electron microscopy, and swelling were used), the adsorption properties were established using batch and column tests. The magnetic beads (MAlg/GA) demonstrated improved adsorption in comparison with the beads made without magnetite (Alg/GA) under the same conditions. In normal adsorption conditions (pH6.0, 25°C, 2.5gL(-1) of adsorbent dosage), the highest uptake capacities recorded for the MAlg/GA beads were: for Cu(II), 1.33mmolg(-1); Cd(II), 1.59mmolg(-1); and for Pb(II), 1.43mmolg(-1). The pseudo-second-order kinetics and Langmuir isotherm models provided good fits for the adsorption of these metals. Overall, ion exchange and physical forces led to the uptake of these metals by both Alg/GA and MAlg/GA; moreover, the functional groups on the beads played crucial roles as binding sites. Additionally, it was observed that flow rates of >2mLmin(-1) did not produce noticeable changes in uptake levels over the same flow period. It was found that the efficient eluting agent was HNO(3) (0.2M). In some cases, the metals were not removed fully from the used beads during the first five cycles of regeneration and reuse. The results of this investigation show that these beads are efficient adsorbents for the removal of metal ions from spiked well water samples.
作者机构:
[Zhang, Zhen-Hua] Univ South China, Sch Nucl Sci & Technol, Hengyang 421001, Hunan, Peoples R China.
摘要:
We propose to search for CP violation through the twofold angular distributions in the four-body decays of bottom and charmed hadrons. The two polar angles in the twofold angular distributions are correlated, to which the interferences of intermediate resonances are one important origin. These interferences will leave tracks in the twofold angular distributions, with which the CP violation can be studied. Special attention is paid to the case when all the intermediate resonances are different, which is unique to four-body decays. It is suggested to look for CP violation in four-body decays such as ?0b -> pK-K thorn K- through the analysis of the twofold angular distributions. The method proposed in this paper is also widely applicable to other four-body decays processes.
期刊:
Journal of Instrumentation,2023年18(4):P04006 ISSN:1748-0221
通讯作者:
Tang, Q;Zhang, YP
作者机构:
[Li, Chi; Tang, Quan; Liu, Yu; Xu, Zhongfang; Guan, Tingyu; Tang, Q] Univ South China, Sch Nucl Sci & Technol, Hengyang, Peoples R China.;[Liu, Jincang; Zhang, Peng; Yang, Changgen; Zhang, YP; Zhang, Yongpeng; Guo, Cong] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst High Energy Phys, Expt Phys Div, Beijing, Peoples R China.;[Liu, Jincang; Zhang, Peng; Yang, Changgen; Zhang, YP; Zhang, Yongpeng; Guo, Cong] Univ Chinese Acad Sci, Sch Phys, Beijing, Peoples R China.;[Liu, Jincang; Zhang, Peng; Yang, Changgen; Zhang, YP; Zhang, Yongpeng; Guo, Cong] State Key Lab Particle Detect & Elect, Beijing, Peoples R China.
通讯机构:
[Zhang, YP ] C;[Tang, Q ] U;Univ South China, Sch Nucl Sci & Technol, Hengyang, Peoples R China.;Chinese Acad Sci, Inst High Energy Phys, Expt Phys Div, Beijing, Peoples R China.;Univ Chinese Acad Sci, Sch Phys, Beijing, Peoples R China.
关键词:
Photon detectors for UV;visible and IR photons (solid-state) (PIN diodes;APDs;Si-PMTs;G-APDs;CCDs;EBCCDs;EMCCDs;CMOS imagers;etc);Very low-energy charged particle detectors
摘要:
Radon and its daughters are one of the most important background sources for low -background liquid scintillator (LS) detectors. The study of the diffusion behavior of radon in the LS contributes to the analysis of the related background caused by radon. Methodologies and devices for measuring radon's diffusion coefficient and solubility in materials are developed and described. The radon diffusion coefficient in the LS was measured for the first time and the solubility coefficient was also obtained. In addition, the radon diffusion coefficient in the polyolefine film which is consistent with data in the literature was measured to verify the reliability of the diffusion device.
摘要:
近红外波段(NIR, 波长范围: 780~2 500 nm)在线光谱分析技术具有小型化、 快速检测、 结果稳定可靠等优点, 在工业现场检测领域有着广泛的应用。 由于近红外光谱分析系统受温度影响较大, 传统的光栅分光在线光谱分析系统所采用的光谱仪通常仅对探测器制冷, 光路部分仍然会受到温度影响产生波长漂移等测量误差。 此外, 系统也多采用PC计算机来进行数据采集和控制, 并通过配备独立的工业通讯模块实现光谱分析系统与产线总控系统的通讯, 不仅增加了设备成本与体积, 也显著降低了系统的稳定性。 针对这些问题, 基于STM32单片机开展了在线恒温光谱分析系统研制与测试。 系统采用STM32单片机来控制近红外光谱仪, 通过设定和修改采集间隔时间并采集光谱数据, 对光谱数据进行预处理, 来计算得到目标样品的理化指标。 对于温度控制, 开发了在STM32单片机上运行的基于比例-积分-微分(PID)控制算法的恒温控制系统, 对光谱仪整体(包含光路和电路部分)实现了闭环恒温控制。 同时, 开发了基于STM32单片机的工业通讯接口(包含Modbus协议通讯和4~20 mA电流信号通讯)。 系统实验测试结果表明, 该设计能够长时间稳定运行, 并有效降低了环境温度变化对光谱数据带来的干扰。 在长达48小时的系统运行过程中, 光谱仪温度稳定控制在5 ℃左右, 温控精度优于0.25 ℃。 相对于未恒温控制的运行模式, 恒温控制条件下的平均吸收光谱强度相对标准差显著减小, 并实现了数据采集、 预处理、 样品理化指标计算、 工业信号通讯及温度控制的一体化设计, 以满足工业现场在线检测需求。 Near-Infrared (NIR, wavelength range: 780~2 500 nm) on-line spectral analysis technique has the advantages of miniaturization, rapid detection, and stable and reliable results. Therefore, this technique is widely used in the field of industrial detection. Because the spectroscopic system is significantly affected by ambient temperature, the detector is always cooled in traditional on-line spectroscopic systems. However, measurement errors, such as wavelength drift, are still generated from the optical components when temperature changes. In addition, PCs are always used for system control and spectra acquisition, which significantly increase system instability. In order to solve these problems, this paper proposes an on-line thermostatic control spectroscopic system based on an STM32 single-chip microcomputer. Firstly, STM32 single-chip microcomputer is used to control the near-infrared spectroscopy for spectra data acquisition, configuration setting, preprocessing of the spectral data, and calculation of the physical and chemical parameters of the sample. Secondly, a constant temperature control system has been developed based onthe STM32 single-chip microcomputer, in which the proportional-integral-differential (PID) control algorithm is used. The closed-loop thermostatic control has been realized for the whole spectrometer, including the optical and the circuit part. At last, an industrial communication interface including Modbus protocol communication and 4~20 mA current signal communication has also been developed based on the STM32 single-chip microcomputer. The system test results show that the whole system can be operated stably without PC for a long time. The measure errors originating from the changing of ambient temperature also reduce obviously. During a test of 48-hour system operation, the temperature of the spectrometer is controlled stably at around (5±0.25) ℃. A much smaller relative standard deviation of absorption spectra is obtained when the thermostatic control is applied. The system integrates spectra acquisition, pretreatment, calculation of physical and chemical parameters, industrial communication and thermostatic control, which can satisfy the requirements of industrial on-line detection.
作者机构:
[Wei, Yuezhou; Hamza, Mohammed F.] Univ South China, Sch Nucl Sci & Technol, Hengyang 421001, Peoples R China.;[Hamza, Mohammed F.] Nucl Mat Author, POB 530, Cairo, Egypt.;[Guibal, Eric] IMT Mines Ales, Polymers Compos & Hybrids PCH, Ales, France.;[Wei, Yuezhou] Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ, Sch Nucl Sci & Engn, Shanghai, Peoples R China.;[Fouda, Amr] Al Azhar Univ, Fac Sci, Bot & Microbiol Dept, Cairo 11884, Egypt.
通讯机构:
[Guibal, E.] P;[Wei, Y.] S;Polymers Composites and Hybrids (PCH), France;School of Nuclear Science and Technology, China
关键词:
An efficient magnetic composite sorbent was synthesized by incorporation of magnetite nanoparticles into polymer matrix (obtained by formaldehyde polycondensation of guanidine and amino hydroxynaphthalene sulfonic acid);Temkin equations fitted sorption isotherms while uptake kinetics are successfully modeled with the pseudo-first order rate equation;The sensitivity of uranyl ions to reduction explains the complementary metal sorption and enhanced selectivity under UV irradiation for both synthetic and complex industrial solutions;UV exposure improves the stability of sorption properties at recycling (uranium being fully desorbed using nitric acid solution);UV irradiation allows to both increase uranium sorption capacity and enhance uptake kinetics
摘要:
The multi-physics coupled methodologies that have been widely used to analyze the complex process occurring in nuclear reactors have also been used to the R&D of numerical reactors. The advancement in the field of computer technology has helped in the development of these methodologies. Herein, we report the integration of ADPRES code and RELAP5 code into the SALOME-ICoCo framework to form a multi-physics coupling platform. The platform exploits the supervisor architecture, serial mode, mesh one-to-one correspondence and explicit coupling methods during analysis, and the uncertainty analysis tool URANIE was used. The correctness of the platform was verified through the NEACRP-L-335 benchmark. The results obtained were in accordance with the reference values. The platform could be used to accurately determine the power peak. In addition, design margins could be gained post uncer-tainty analysis. The initial power, inlet coolant temperature and the mass flow of assembly property significantly influence reactor safety during the rod ejections accident (REA).(c) 2023 Korean Nuclear Society, Published by Elsevier Korea LLC. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
摘要:
Based on the advantages of revealing the functional status and molecular expression of tumor cells, positron emission tomography (PET) imaging has been performed in numerous types of malignant diseases for diagnosis and monitoring. However, insufficient image quality, the lack of a convincing evaluation tool and intra- and interobserver variation in human work are well-known limitations of nuclear medicine imaging and restrict its clinical application. Artificial intelligence (AI) has gained increasing interest in the field of medical imaging due to its powerful information collection and interpretation ability. The combination of AI and PET imaging potentially provides great assistance to physicians managing patients. Radiomics, an important branch of AI applied in medical imaging, can extract hundreds of abstract mathematical features of images for further analysis. In this review, an overview of the applications of AI in PET imaging is provided, focusing on image enhancement, tumor detection, response and prognosis prediction and correlation analyses with pathology or specific gene mutations in several types of tumors. Our aim is to describe recent clinical applications of AI-based PET imaging in malignant diseases and to focus on the description of possible future developments.
期刊:
Chemical Engineering Journal,2023年478:147425 ISSN:1385-8947
通讯作者:
Zhu, JL;Ning, SY
作者机构:
[Zhu, Yongzheng; Zhu, Jinliang; Wu, Wangzhi; Ma, Xiangying; Zhu, JL; Wang, Nannan; Zhu, Yanqiu; Huang, Guo; Hu, Fengtao; Shen, Pei Kang] Guangxi Univ, Coll Chem & Chem Engn, Sch Resources Environm & Mat, State Key Lab Featured Met Mat & Life Cycle Safety, Nanning 530004, Peoples R China.;[Ning, Shunyan; Hu, Fengtao] Univ South China, Sch Nucl Sci & Technol, 28 Changsheng West Rd, Hengyang 421001, Peoples R China.
通讯机构:
[Ning, SY ] U;[Zhu, JL ] G;Guangxi Univ, Coll Chem & Chem Engn, Sch Resources Environm & Mat, State Key Lab Featured Met Mat & Life Cycle Safety, Nanning 530004, Peoples R China.;Univ South China, Sch Nucl Sci & Technol, 28 Changsheng West Rd, Hengyang 421001, Peoples R China.
摘要:
Hydrogen evolution and oxidation are critical to realizing hydrogen energy recycling and to the hydrogen economy. Therefore, it is important to develop non-precious metal catalysts with high efficiency and stability for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and hydrogen oxidation reaction (HOR). In this study, we reported on the facile synthesis of Co2P-Fe2P heterogeneous nanoparticles on a porous carbon skeleton (Co2P-Fe2P/C), which exhibited high activity for both HOR and HER in alkaline conditions. The overpotential of Co2P-Fe2P/C toward HER was 77 mV at 10 mA cm-2, with a Tafel slope of 42 mV dec- 1 and excellent stability under long-term testing after 120 h. The current density at 0.1 V for HOR was 1.68 mA cm-2, which was close to that of commercial Pt/C. In situ Raman spectroscopy indicated that surface reconstruction was involved for Co2P-Fe2P/C, CoFe2O4, and FeOOH, as detected during HOR. Density functional theory calculations revealed strong electron interaction between Fe2P and Co2P at the heterogeneous interfaces, resulting in an optimal hydrogen adsorption strength for HER. This study significantly contributes to the realization of low-cost and high-efficiency bifunctional catalysts for HER and HOR.
通讯机构:
[Hu, SH ] U;Univ South China, Sch Nucl Sci & Technol, 28 Changshengxi Rd, Hengyang 421001, Peoples R China.
关键词:
New Air Purification System;Computational fluid dynamics;Rn-222;Formaldehyde;Air pollutants
摘要:
Indoor air pollution directly threatens human health, with prolonged exposure to pollutants leading to respiratory problems, immune system issues, and even cancer. Thus, implementing advanced air purification technologies is crucial to effectively mitigate indoor pollutants. The current common air purifiers have low removal efficiency for pollutants, a high cost of replacing adsorption materials, and a single function. Therefore, a novel air purification system that provides high-efficiency and rapid air purification and enhances the reusability of adsorption materials is in demand. This study evaluated the purification effect of the New Air Purification System under the internal circulation mode using computational fluid dynamics. The results showed that (1) the air exchange rates of the New Air Purification System were adjusted to 42.6, 85.2, and 127.8 h(-1), respectively, when the release rates of Rn-222 were 2.268, 4.536, 6.804, and 9.072 Bqm(-2)h(-1). The indoor Rn-222 concentration was reduced to < 21% of the background Rn-222 concentration. (2) The initial concentration of indoor formaldehyde was 0.1 mg/m(3) and increased to 0.0204, 0.0181, and 0.0174 mg/m(3), respectively. These values were less than the World Health Organization's recommended limits. This study provides a solid foundation for designing and optimising the New Air Purification System, provides technical guidance for the next step in its design, and would substantially help in improving indoor air quality and living conditions.
摘要:
A process for treating low radioactive uranium wastewater by ultrasonic combined flocculation and precipitation has been developed and optimized. By using arsenazo III spectrophotometry to detect the mass concentration of uranium ions, the optimal coupling mode of ultrasonic flocculation and the optimal values of pH value, flocculant dosage, and ultrasonic power were obtained through single factor experiments. The conclusion drawn is that the optimal coupling method is to first add flocculants, then treat the solution with ultrasound, and finally stir the solution. The optimal values for each single factor are: the initial pH value of the solution is 9, the dosage of flocculant is 80 mg/L, and the sound energy density is 0.36 W/ml.The Box Behnken response surface experiment was designed using Design-Expert software. After completing the response surface experiment, a regression model for uranium ion removal rate was obtained. The highest uranium ion removal rate under theoretical conditions was obtained by solving the model.The predicted values of uranium ions removal rate of 95.68% was obtained with an acoustic energy density of 0.436 W/ml and a flocculant dosage of 88 mg/L at pH 9.It was observed that the actual experimental data under the same conditions are 95.41% The order of the influence factors of each process parameter on the uranium ion removal rate is: pH > flocculant dosage > ultrasonic power. Among them, there was a significant interaction between ultrasonic power and flocculant dosage.
作者机构:
[Zhongkai Fan] school of Nuclear Science and Technology, University of South China, Hengyang, CHINA;[Ruomei Xie; Tao Hu] Hengyang Normal University, Hengyang, Hunan, CHINA;[Xiangming Cai] University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, CHINA;[Yizhe Luo; Fengdi Qin; Shoukang Qiu; Jian Shan] University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, CHINA;[Yanliang Tan] Physics and Electronic Engineering, Hengyang Normal University, Hengyang, Hunan, CHINA
摘要:
ABSTRACT: Accurately measuring Rn-220 is crucial for evaluating natural radiation exposure. For the large volume of normal scintillation cell, the detection efficiencies for different energy of α particles decayed from Rn-222, Rn-220 and their progeny are varied. To address this, two systems of the low-pressure scintillation cell were designed to make the shortest range of α particles with minimum energy decayed from Rn-222 longer than the longest distance between any two points in the scintillation cell by reducing air pressure. Thus, the detection efficiencies of the low-pressure scintillation cell for α particles decayed from Rn-222, Rn-220 and their progeny are same. The detection efficiency of low-pressure scintillation cell for α particles can be obtained by the standard radon chamber, and then the calibration factor of Rn-220 can be determined by low-pressure scintillation. Several verification experiments were performed. The experimental results show that the detection efficiencies of Rn-222 and Rn-220 at the air pressure of 0.4P are very close and become saturated for lower values of air pressure. The calibration factor of Rn-220 calculated using the detection efficiency (0.76 ± 0.04) at the air pressure of 0.4P is 53.75 ± 2.96 Bq m-3 min-1 (k=1).
作者机构:
[Li, Yongmei; Li, Chunguang] Univ South China, Sch Resource Environm & Safety Engn, Hengyang 421001, Peoples R China.;[Li, Yongmei; Liu, Longcheng; Meng, Shuo; Li, Chunguang] Univ South China, R&D & Modeling Ctr Treatment & Disposal Radioact, Hengyang 421001, Peoples R China.;[Liu, Longcheng] Royal Inst Technol KTH, Chem Engn, S-10044 Stockholm, Sweden.;[Liu, Longcheng] Beijing Res Inst Chem Engn & Met, Beijing 101149, Peoples R China.
通讯机构:
[Chunguang Li] S;[Longcheng Liu] R;R & D and Modeling Center for Treatment and Disposal of Radioactive Waste, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China<&wdkj&>Chemical Engineering, Royal Institute of Technology KTH, Stockholm 10044, Sweden<&wdkj&>Beijing Research Institute of Chemical Engineering and Metallurgy, Beijing 101149, China<&wdkj&>School of Resource Environment and Safety Engineering, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China<&wdkj&>R & D and Modeling Center for Treatment and Disposal of Radioactive Waste, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China
摘要:
The colloidal stability, one of the basic and important properties of a colloidal dispersion, is commonly evaluated in terms of the stability ratio. In this study, a recently developed expression for the stability ratio is updated, by reformulating the fraction of successful collisions leading to secondary minimum coagulation. The updated formula reinterprets the statistical meaning of the fraction of successful collisions leading to primary or secondary minimum coagulation, ensuring that the total fraction of successful collisions is always less than or equals to 1. It was shown to be superior to the available expressions in accounting for the contribution of the primary and secondary minimum coagulations on the stability ratio. It can well interpret the stability of colloidal dispersions of spherical particles; moreover, it is of great potential to be applied to colloidal dispersions of plate-like particles. In addition, this formula is found to be consistent with the concept of the critical coagulation concentration and well interpret the effects of particle size, counterion valence, surface potential, and Hamaker constant on the colloidal stability.