A method for the direct absolute measurement of J/ψ Decay with ψ (3686) Data Set
作者:
Yan, Fang;Zheng, Bo*
期刊:
Advances in High Energy Physics ,2019年2019(23):1-5 ISSN:1687-7357
通讯作者:
Zheng, Bo
作者机构:
[Zheng, Bo; Yan, Fang] Univ South China, Sch Nucl Sci & Technol, Hengyang 421001, Hunan, Peoples R China.
通讯机构:
[Zheng, Bo] U;Univ South China, Sch Nucl Sci & Technol, Hengyang 421001, Hunan, Peoples R China.
摘要:
To take the full advantage of the ψ(3686) data set collected at e+e- collider at τ-charm energy region, a tag method is developed to directly measure the J/ψ meson decay branching fractions absolutely. The J/ψ meson decay can be measured with the J/ψ sample tagged by the two soft charged pions from the decay ψ(3686)→J/ψπ+π-. This method is illustrated by comparing the input and output branching fractions of J/ψ→γη with 106 million inclusive ψ(3686) Monte Carlo samples. The consistent result confirms the validity of the tag method. © 2019 Fang Yan and Bo Zheng.
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英文
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基于堆芯线性化模型的液态熔盐堆功率控制研究
作者:
杜尚勉;曾文杰;于涛;陈乐至;谢金森
期刊:
核动力工程 ,2019年40(6):109-113 ISSN:0258-0926
通讯作者:
Zeng, Wenjie(zengwenjie0218@163.com)
作者机构:
[杜尚勉; Zeng, Wenjie; 于涛; 陈乐至; 谢金森] School of Nuclear Science and Technology, University of South China, Hengyang;Hunan;421001, China;[杜尚勉; Zeng, Wenjie; 于涛; 陈乐至; 谢金森] Hunan;[杜尚勉; Zeng, Wenjie; 于涛; 陈乐至; 谢金森] 421001, China
关键词:
液态熔盐堆;堆芯功率;二次型高斯/回路传输(LQG/LTR);反应性扰动
摘要:
液态熔盐堆中熔盐燃料依托主泵驱动在一回路中流动,在流动过程中造成了反应性损失,直接引起堆芯功率变化。考虑到熔盐燃料流动对堆芯功率控制的影响,建立了堆芯非线性模型,并对模型进行线性化处理。基于堆芯线性化模型,采用线性二次型高斯/回路传输(LQG/LTR)技术设计堆芯功率控制系统。以熔盐实验堆为例,开展堆芯反应性扰动控制研究。结果表明,采用堆芯线性化模型和LQG/LTR技术可以实现对液态熔盐堆堆芯功率的控制。
语种:
中文
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氧化石墨烯及其复合材料对水中放射性核素的吸附
作者:
刘红娟;吴仁杰;谢水波;刘迎九
期刊:
材料工程 ,2019年47(10):22-32 ISSN:1001-4381
通讯作者:
Xie, Shui-Bo(xiesbmr@263.net)
作者机构:
[刘红娟; 吴仁杰] Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology, University of South China, Hengyang;Hunan;421001, China;[谢水波] Key Discipline Laboratory for National Defence for Biotechnology in Uranium Mining and Hydrometallurgy, University of South China, Hengyang;[刘迎九] Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse Technology, University of South China, Hengyang
通讯机构:
[Xie, S.-B.] K;Key Discipline Laboratory for National Defence for Biotechnology in Uranium Mining and Hydrometallurgy, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
关键词:
氧化石墨烯;放射性核素;吸附;改性材料;废水
摘要:
在核能和核技术的快速发展过程及应用中产生了大量放射性废水,其对生态环境会造成潜在的污染,因此对放射性废水处理技术的研究对保护环境有着重要的意义。氧化石墨烯及其复合材料具有比表面积高、官能团丰富、吸附能力强、化学稳定性好等优点,在放射性废水处理领域受到广泛关注。本文综述了近年来有关氧化石墨烯及其复合材料对水中放射性核素吸附的研究现状及进展,介绍了氧化石墨烯及其复合材料对放射性核素的吸附容量、吸附等温模型、吸附热力学、影响因素和吸附机理。最后分析了氧化石墨烯及其复合材料处理放射性核素在辐射稳定性和高吸附选择性等方面面临的问题和挑战,探讨了推动该类材料今后实际放射性废水处理中工程应用的重点研究方向,如完善的产业体系和积极研发相匹配的成套水处理工艺及设备等。
语种:
中文
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Metaheuristic optimization method for compact reactor radiation shielding design based on genetic algorithm
作者:
Chen, Zhenping;Zhang, Zhenyu;Xie, Jinsen;Guo, Qian;Yu, Tao*
期刊:
Annals of Nuclear Energy ,2019年134:318-329 ISSN:0306-4549
通讯作者:
Yu, Tao
作者机构:
[Zhang, Zhenyu; Chen, Zhenping; Xie, Jinsen; Yu, Tao] Univ South China, Sch Nucl Sci & Technol, Hengyang 421001, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Guo, Qian] Univ South China, Sch Resource Environm & Safety Engn, Hengyang 421001, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Zhang, Zhenyu; Chen, Zhenping; Xie, Jinsen; Yu, Tao] Hunan Engn & Technol Res Ctr Virtual Nucl Reactor, Hengyang 421001, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Guo, Qian] Hunan Prov Engn Res Ctr Radioact Control Technol, Hengyang 421001, Hunan, Peoples R China.
通讯机构:
[Yu, Tao] U;[Yu, Tao] H;Univ South China, Sch Nucl Sci & Technol, Hengyang 421001, Hunan, Peoples R China.;Hunan Engn & Technol Res Ctr Virtual Nucl Reactor, Hengyang 421001, Hunan, Peoples R China.
关键词:
Metaheuristic optimization;Radiation shielding design;Multi-objective optimization;Genetic algorithm;Compact reactor
摘要:
Obtaining an optimal shielding design is significant in developing of high-performance compact nuclear reactors. The traditional shielding design is a brute force trial-and-error method, which is a manually iterative procedure driven by human experiences. Thus, the shield solution achieved with traditional method is just an empirical one but not an optimal shield solution, which may degrade the overall operational performance of the nuclear-powered systems. To design optimal shields for compact reactors, a metaheuristic optimization method for radiation shielding design based on genetic algorithm was presented. The method is an automated optimization strategy by searching for the parameter space, which will not be subject to the human preferences. The methodology, procedure, implementation and validation were presented. The numerical results showed that the parameters of geometrical structures and material components for the shield could be optimized automatically and efficiently, which demonstrated the applicability and effectiveness of the method in shielding design applications. © 2019
语种:
英文
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Size-Segregated Characteristics of Carbonaceous Aerosols during the Monsoon and Non-Monsoon Seasons in Lhasa in the Tibetan Plateau
作者:
Wei, Nannan;Ma, Chulei;Liu, Junwen;Wang, Guanghua;Liu, Wei;...
期刊:
Atmosphere ,2019年10(3):157 ISSN:2073-4433
通讯作者:
Xiao, Detao;Yao, Jian
作者机构:
[Xiao, Detao; Wei, Nannan; Ma, Chulei] Univ South China, Sch Nucl Sci & Technol, Hengyang 421001, Peoples R China.;[Wang, Guanghua; Liu, Wei; Wei, Nannan; Yao, Jian] Chinese Acad Sci, Shanghai Inst Appl Phys, Dept Nucl Reactor Engn, Shanghai 201800, Peoples R China.;[Liu, Junwen] Jinan Univ, Inst Environm & Climate Res, Guangzhou 510632, Guangdong, Peoples R China.;[Zhuoga, Deqing] Tibet Autonomous Reg Meteorol Bur, Meteorol Serv Ctr, Lhasa 850000, Peoples R China.
通讯机构:
[Xiao, Detao] U;[Yao, Jian] C;Univ South China, Sch Nucl Sci & Technol, Hengyang 421001, Peoples R China.;Chinese Acad Sci, Shanghai Inst Appl Phys, Dept Nucl Reactor Engn, Shanghai 201800, Peoples R China.
关键词:
organic carbon;elemental carbon;water-soluble organic carbon;size distribution
摘要:
In this paper, we intensively collected atmospheric particulate matter (PM) with different diameters (size ranges: <0.49, 0.49–0.95, 0.95–1.5, 1.5–3.0, 3.0–7.2, and >7.2 μm) in Lhasa during the monsoon and non-monsoon seasons. The results clearly showed that the concentrations of PM, organic carbon (OC), elemental carbon (EC), and water-soluble organic carbon (WSOC) during the non-monsoon season were much higher than the concentrations during the monsoon season. During the monsoon season, a bimodal size distribution of the OC and WSOC, which were at <0.49 μm and >7.2 μm, respectively, and a unimodal size distribution at <0.49 μm for the EC were observed. However, during the non-monsoon season, there was a trimodal size distribution of the OC and WSOC (<0.49 μm, 1.5–3.0 μm, and >7.2 μm), and a unimodal size distribution of the EC (<0.49 μm). Possible sources of the carbonaceous components were revealed by combining the particle size distribution and the correlation analysis. OC, EC, and WSOC were likely from the photochemical transformation of biogenic and anthropogenic VOC, and the incomplete combustion of biomass burning and fossil fuels at <0.49 μm, whilst they were also likely to be from various types of dust and biogenic aerosols at >7.2 μm. OC and WSOC at 1.5–3.0 μm were likely to have been from the burning of yak dung and photochemical formation. The above results may draw attention in the public and scientific communities to the issues of air quality in the Tibetan Plateau.
语种:
英文
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Pu isotopes in the seawater off Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant site within two months after the severe nuclear accident.
作者:
Men, Wu;Zheng, Jian* ;Wang, Hai;Ni, Youyi;Kumamoto, Yuichiro;...
期刊:
Environmental Pollution ,2019年246(Mar.):303-310 ISSN:0269-7491
通讯作者:
Zheng, Jian
作者机构:
[Men, Wu; Uchida, Shigeo; Wang, Hai; Zheng, Jian; Ni, Youyi] Natl Inst Quantum & Radiol Sci & Technol, Natl Inst Radiol Sci, Inage Ku, 491 Anagawa, Chiba 2638555, Japan.;[Men, Wu] State Ocean Adm, Lab Marine Isotop Technol & Environm Risk Assessm, Inst Oceanog 3, 184 Daxue Rd, Xiamen 361005, Peoples R China.;[Wang, Hai] Univ South China, Sch Nucl Sci & Technol, Hengyang 421001, Peoples R China.;[Kumamoto, Yuichiro] Japan Agcy Marine Earth Sci & Technol, Res & Dev Ctr Global Change, 2-15 Natushima Cho, Yokosuka, Kanagawa 2370061, Japan.;[Yamada, Masatoshi] Hirosaki Univ, Inst Radiat Emergency Med, Dept Radiat Chem, 66-1 Hon Cho, Hirosaki, Aomori 0368564, Japan.
通讯机构:
[Zheng, Jian] N;Natl Inst Quantum & Radiol Sci & Technol, Natl Inst Radiol Sci, Inage Ku, 491 Anagawa, Chiba 2638555, Japan.
关键词:
(239+240)Pu;(240)Pu/(239)Pu atom ratio;Fukushima accident;ICP-MS;Seawater
摘要:
The marine environment is complex, and it is desirable to have measurements for seawater samples collected at the early stage after the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant (FDNPP) accident to determine the impact of Fukushima-derived radionuclides on this environment. Here Pu isotopes in seawater collected 33-163 km from the FDNPP site at the very early stage after the accident were determined (May 2011, within two months after the accident). The distribution and temporal variation of Pu-239 and Pu-240 were studied. The results indicated that both (239+24) PU activity concentrations (from 0.81 +/- 0.16 to 11.18 +/- 1.28 mBq/m(3)) and Pu-240/Pu-239 atom ratios (from 0.216 +/- 0.032 to 0.308 +/- 0.036) in these seawater samples were within the corresponding background ranges before the accident, and this suggested that Fukushima-derived Pu isotopes, if any, were in too limited amount to be distinguished from the background level in the seawater. The analysis of Pu isotopic composition indicated that the major sources of Pu in the seawater after the accident were still global fallout and the Pacific Proving Ground close-in fallout. The contribution analysis showed that the contributions of the Pacific Proving Ground close-in fallout in the water column of the study area ranged from 26% to 77% with the average being 48%. (C) 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
语种:
英文
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数字化主控室操纵员人因可靠性研究
作者:
陈青青;张力;胡鸿;青涛;戴立操
期刊:
核动力工程 ,2019年40(4):104-107 ISSN:0258-0926
通讯作者:
Hu, Hong(fengzhisu16@163.com)
作者机构:
[陈青青; 张力; 胡鸿; 青涛] Institute of Human and Safety Engineering, Hunan Institute of Technology, Hengyang;Hunan;421002, China;[戴立操] College of Nuclear Science and Technology, University of South China, Hengyang;421001, China
通讯机构:
Institute of Human and Safety Engineering, Hunan Institute of Technology, Hengyang, Hunan, China
关键词:
数字化主控室;模拟机;操作数据库;人因可靠性分析(HRA)
摘要:
当前较经典、较普遍的人因可靠性分析(HRA)方法均是在主控室数字化前研究的。本研究根据操纵员模拟机培训录像,采用行为学的方法,对数字化主控室操纵员的操作行为进行了定义、数据采集和分析。研究表明,数字化主控室操纵员操作失误概率基本正常;二类任务操作增多、失误概率增大。因此,本研究为数字化主控室操纵员HRA提供了依据。
语种:
中文
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Physics-oriented optimization strategy for the energy lookup algorithm in continuous energy Monte Carlo neutron transport simulation
作者:
Chen, Zhenping;Xie, Jinsen;Guo, Qian;Xie, Qin;Liu, Zijing;...
期刊:
Computer Physics Communications ,2019年234:146-158 ISSN:0010-4655
通讯作者:
Yu, Tao
作者机构:
[Liu, Zijing; Xie, Qin; Chen, Zhenping; Zeng, Wenjie; Xie, Jinsen; Zhao, Pengcheng; Yu, Tao] Univ South China, Sch Nucl Sci & Technol, Hengyang 421001, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Xie, Chao; Guo, Qian] Univ South China, Sch Environm & Safety Engn, Hengyang 421001, Hunan, Peoples R China.
通讯机构:
[Yu, Tao] U;Univ South China, Sch Nucl Sci & Technol, Hengyang 421001, Hunan, Peoples R China.
关键词:
Continuous energy;Energy lookup;Monte Carlo;Neutron transport;Optimization
摘要:
The continuous energy Monte Carlo method is a most high-fidelity and high-resolution method for neutron transport simulations in reactor physics with minimal approximations. However, one of the major disadvantages is that it is very time-consuming and computational-intensive for large scale whole-core simulations, especially for coupling with depletion analysis for realistic reactors. Some recent researches indicate that one of the principle performance bottlenecks for the problem lies in the energy lookup algorithm during the calculation of energy-dependent material cross sections. Therefore, two physics-oriented optimization strategies, based on making use of the physical characteristics of neutron transport behaviors, are developed to optimize the run-time performance of the algorithm for accelerating the energy lookup without any loss in precision and accuracy. The first optimization strategy is called Neighbored Material Cascade Grid (NMCG) which is a hybrid approach utilizing the key features of the cascade grid and double indexing method. The second optimization strategy is called Adaptive Optimal Logarithmic Grid (AOLG) which is a variation of the conventional logarithmic energy grid method utilizing the advantages of energy hash tables. The strategies are incorporated into a continuous energy Monte Carlo neutron transport code and tested on realistic whole-core reactor systems. The computational performance as measured by memory usage, elapsed runtime and overall speedup, associated with each of the optimization strategies are demonstrated in the whole-core Monte Carlo simulations. Depending on the complexity of the models, the number of nuclides in the material compositions and the utilization of different optimization strategies, overall speedup ratios of 1.2-1.7, relative to the conventional binary lookup algorithm, are routinely observed. Furthermore, the numerical results indicate that the run-time performance of the new physics-oriented optimization strategies performs a bit better than that of conventional optimization methods with existing approaches. © 2018 Elsevier B.V.
语种:
英文
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Microwave desorption and regeneration methods for activated carbon with adsorbed radon
作者:
Yang, Hui;Shan, Jian* ;Li, Jinglin;Jiang, Shangting
期刊:
Adsorption ,2019年25(2):173-185 ISSN:0929-5607
通讯作者:
Shan, Jian
作者机构:
[Shan, Jian; Jiang, Shangting; Li, Jinglin; Yang, Hui] Univ South China, Sch Nucl Sci & Technol, Hengyang 421001, Hunan, Peoples R China.
通讯机构:
[Shan, Jian] U;Univ South China, Sch Nucl Sci & Technol, Hengyang 421001, Hunan, Peoples R China.
关键词:
Activated carbon;Microwave;Radon;Regeneration
摘要:
This paper introduces a microwave desorption and regeneration methods for activated carbon with adsorbed radon. The influencing factors and objectivity in the process of desorption were tested, and the feasibility of the microwave regeneration of activated carbon with adsorbed radon was analyzed. The results showed that activated carbon with adsorbed radon can be heated uniformly by microwave, after 20min of heating, the temperature differences between different depths in the activated carbon were within ± 6°C; When the temperature reaches 150 °C, the microwave takes three minutes, and the electric heating takes 9min, the energy consumption of microwave heating is lower, and the cooling performance after microwave heating was better than that after electric heating. A better desorption rate was achieved with a higher microwave power, a constant airflow rate (an airflow rate that is too high or too low will reduce the desorption rate), a higher moisture content and a lower activated carbon packing density. The effect of microwave desorption activated carbon is remarkable, in our experiment, the maximum desorption rate of the activated carbon reached 97.6%;The loss rate of the activated carbon after regeneration was low, and the total loss rate was 2.65% after five cycles of continuous absorption and desorption. The results can provide guidance for the development of key desorption technologies for implementation in radon reduction devices based on activated carbon. © 2019, Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.
语种:
英文
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贫化铀用于核动力堆防护的屏蔽性能与放射性毒性计算分析
作者:
宋英明;王岩;肖锋;吕焕文;付孟婷;...
期刊:
核动力工程 ,2019年40(6):173-177 ISSN:0258-0926
作者机构:
[宋英明; 王岩; 付孟婷; 沈格宇] School of Nuclear Science and Technology, University of South China, Hengyang;Hunan;421001, China;[肖锋; 吕焕文] Science and Technology on Reactor System Design Technology Laboratory, Nuclear Power Institute of China, Chengdu;610213, China
关键词:
贫化铀;核动力堆;屏蔽性能;放射性毒性
摘要:
针对贫化铀的γ射线屏蔽进行了实验与模拟计算验证。构建了核动力压水堆屏蔽模型,模拟输出的屏蔽层内中子能谱与实际能谱分布较为一致。采用蒙特卡罗程序与燃耗计算程序相耦合的方法,模拟计算了贫化铀在不同位置处中子、γ混合辐射场中的综合屏蔽性能,并与铅作为屏蔽材料进行了对比分析。模拟计算了屏蔽层中子辐照贫化铀40 a后的活化和裂变产物,分析了材料辐照前后年摄入量限值(ALI)定义下的放射性毒性,结果表明,新增二次产物对放射性毒性影响不大。
语种:
中文
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数字化核电厂主控室操纵员班组行为研究
作者:
陈青青;张力;胡鸿;青涛;戴立操
期刊:
核动力工程 ,2019年40(4):123-126 ISSN:0258-0926
通讯作者:
Hu, Hong(fengzhisu16@163.com)
作者机构:
[陈青青; 张力; 胡鸿; 青涛] Institute of Human and Safety Engineering, Hunan Institute of Technology, Hengyang;Hunan;421002, China;[戴立操] College of Nuclear Science and Technology, University of South China, Hengyang;421001, China
通讯机构:
Institute of Human and Safety Engineering, Hunan Institute of Technology, Hengyang, Hunan, China
关键词:
数字化主控室;模拟机;班组行为;人因可靠性分析(HRA)
摘要:
核电厂主控室数字化后将引起班组交流合作等一些列变化,但以往针对班组的研究较少且主要以经验研究为主,较少有实证研究,以致在进行人因可靠性分析(HRA)时难以恰当引用或修正行为形成因子。本文使用行为分析软件以模拟机培训中一个班组为研究对象,首次从行为分析的角度研究了数字化后主控室班组行为特征和组织结构的有效性。对班组成员在一次事故培训中的交流行为进行了统计分析,研究结果表明,数字化后操纵员班组为一个分工明确、层次清晰的组织结构。
语种:
中文
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核电厂数字化主控室操纵员界面管理任务特征的研究
作者:
张力;刘建桥;邹衍华;青涛;黄容
期刊:
核动力工程 ,2019年40(4):91-95 ISSN:0258-0926
通讯作者:
Zou, Yanhua(zouyanhua@163.com)
作者机构:
[张力; 刘建桥] School of Nuclear Science and Technology, University of South China, Hengyang;Hunan;421001, China;[邹衍华] Institute of Human Factors and Safety Engineering, Hunan Institute of Technology, Hengyang;421002, China
通讯机构:
Institute of Human Factors and Safety Engineering, Hunan Institute of Technology, Hengyang, Hunan, China
关键词:
数字化主控室;操纵员;界面管理任务
摘要:
首先采用系统性人因失误减少和预测方法(SHERPA)分析操纵员界面管理任务中的关键行为;再用行为分析软件(INTERACT9)分析国内某数字化核电厂全范围模拟机上操纵员的操作录像视频,之后对INTERACT9采集的关键行为数据进行统计分析,得到4个操纵员界面管理任务的一般特征:①一、二回路操作员操作菜单栏、选择监视目标和打开参数界面的频率最高;②操纵员在选择进入不同系统界面的方式上趋向于选择从菜单栏进入;③一回路操纵员在正常工况和事故工况下的界面管理任务没有明显差异;二回路操纵员在正常工况下的界面管理任务明显少于事故工况;④正常工况下,一回路操纵员的界面管理任务显著多于二回路操纵员;事故工况下,一回路操纵员的界面管理任务与二回路操纵员的的界面管理任务相当。
语种:
中文
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小型自然循环铅冷快堆无保护最热组件局部堵流瞬态分析
作者:
赵鹏程;刘紫静;于涛
期刊:
核动力工程 ,2019年40(1):23-27 ISSN:0258-0926
通讯作者:
Yu, Tao(yutao@163.com)
作者机构:
[赵鹏程; 刘紫静; 于涛] School of Nuclear Science and Technology, University of South China, Hengyang;Hunan;421001, China;China Institute of Atomic Energy, Beijing;102413, China
通讯机构:
School of Nuclear Science and Technology, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
关键词:
小型自然循环铅冷快堆;堵流事故;无保护事故;瞬态分析
摘要:
铅冷快堆内液态重金属的腐蚀作用严重制约铅冷快堆技术发展。基于程序ATHLET建立100MW小型模块化自然循环铅冷快堆SNCLFR-100一回路主冷却系统模型,对无保护最热组件局部堵流事故开展瞬态热工安全分析。结果显示,当阻塞率β达到0.6时,最热组件内冷却剂流量将降为额定流量的50%左右,而最热棒包壳最高温度将达到650℃。当β达到0.9时,最热组件内冷却剂流量将降为额定流量的12.6%左右,包壳最高温度将超过包壳材料熔点1400℃,此时最热组件内将出现包壳熔化现象。
语种:
中文
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核电厂功率快速变化下操纵员任务分析
作者:
刘雪阳;张力;邹衍华
期刊:
核动力工程 ,2019年40(5):165-169 ISSN:0258-0926
通讯作者:
Zhang, Li(13807340602@139.com)
作者机构:
[刘雪阳; 张力] School of Nuclear Science and Technology, University of South China, Hengyang;Hunan;421001, China;[邹衍华] Institute of Human Factors Engineering & Safety Management, Hengyang;421002, China
通讯机构:
School of Nuclear Science and Technology, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
关键词:
调峰;心智负荷;核电厂;认知行为特征;操纵员
摘要:
从操纵员培训、任务类型和工作负荷3个方面,对比分析核电厂调峰任务与其他常规工况下操作任务存在的差异性。通过对比得出,调峰任务和常规工况下操作任务相比,操纵员心理负荷和体力负荷将发生较大改变,这将导致操纵员的认知模式和人因失误模式相较于常规工况存在差异。现有的人因可靠性分析(HRA)方法和模型难以满足操纵员人因可靠性分析的需求,因此需要建立一种新的HRA方法解决操控任务持续快速变化背景下核电厂操纵员人因可靠性问题。
语种:
中文
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A new organization-oriented technique of human error analysis in digital NPPs: Model and classification framework
作者:
Li, Peng-cheng* ;Zhang, Li;Dai, Li-cao;Li, Xiao-fang;Jiang, Yu
期刊:
Annals of Nuclear Energy ,2018年120:48-61 ISSN:0306-4549
通讯作者:
Li, Peng-cheng
作者机构:
[Li, Xiao-fang; Li, Peng-cheng; Zhang, Li; Dai, Li-cao; Jiang, Yu] Univ South China, Human Factor Inst, Hengyang 421001, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Li, Peng-cheng] Univ North Carolina Charlotte, Syst Engn & Engn Management, Charlotte, NC 28223 USA.;[Li, Peng-cheng] Univ South China, Sch Nucl Sci & Technol, Hengyang 421001, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Zhang, Li] Hunan Inst Technol, Inst Human Factor & Safety Management, Hengyang 421002, Hunan, Peoples R China.
通讯机构:
[Li, Peng-cheng] U;Univ South China, Human Factor Inst, Hengyang 421001, Hunan, Peoples R China.
关键词:
Human error analysis;Organizational root cause;Human errors;Performance shaping factors;Digital nuclear power plants
摘要:
In nuclear power plants (NPPs), man-machine interfaces (MMIs) are being transformed from conventional panels to computer workstations. Therefore, operators’ behavior and performance shaping factors (PSFs) in modern main control rooms (MCRs) differs from what they do in a conventional one. New human error, error mechanism and PSFs etc. are introduced into digital control systems (DCS). The conventional human error analysis (HEA) methods cannot meet new requirements. So it is important to establish a new technique of HEA for investigating human failure events in digital NPPs. In order to investigate and analyze human errors and to trace organizational root causes in digital NPPs, an Organization-oriented Technique of Human Error Analysis (OTHEA) was established. At this first paper, an organization-oriented conceptual model of HEA was established. Furthermore, the classification framework of HEA was developed based on the established conceptual model of HEA, including classification of human error, PSFs, psychological error mechanisms (PEMs), error recovery failures (ERFs) and safety barriers. It provides a theoretical guidance and practical support for the investigation of human failure events in digital NPPs. © 2018 Elsevier Ltd
语种:
英文
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Analysis of CP Violation in D0 → K+ K- π0
作者:
Zhou, Hang;Zheng, Bo* ;Zhang, Zhen-Hua*
期刊:
Advances in High Energy Physics ,2018年2018(Pt.2) ISSN:1687-7357
通讯作者:
Zheng, Bo;Zhang, Zhen-Hua
作者机构:
[Zheng, Bo; Zheng, B; Zhang, Zhen-Hua; Zhou, Hang] Univ South China, Sch Nucl Sci & Technol, Hengyang 421001, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Zheng, Bo] Helmholtz Inst Mainz, Johann Joachim Becher Weg 45, D-55099 Mainz, Germany.
通讯机构:
[Zheng, B; Zhang, ZH] U;[Zheng, Bo] H;Univ South China, Sch Nucl Sci & Technol, Hengyang 421001, Hunan, Peoples R China.;Helmholtz Inst Mainz, Johann Joachim Becher Weg 45, D-55099 Mainz, Germany.
摘要:
We study the CP violation induced by the interference between two intermediate resonances K∗ (892)+ and K∗ (892)- in the phase space of singly-Cabibbo-suppressed decay D0 → K+ K- π0. We adopt the factorization-assisted topological approach in dealing with the decay amplitudes of D0 → K± K∗ (892)∓. The CP asymmetries of two-body decays are predicted to be very tiny, which are (-1.27 ± 0.25) × 10-5 and (3.86 ± 0.26) × 10-5, respectively, for D0 → K+ K∗ (892)- and D0 → K- K∗ (892)+, while the differential CP asymmetry of D0 → K+ K- π0 is enhanced because of the interference between the two intermediate resonances, which can reach as large as 3 × 10-4. For some NPs which have considerable impacts on the chromomagnetic dipole operator O8g, the global C P asymmetries of D0 → K+ K∗ (892)- and D0 → K- K∗ (892)+ can be then increased to (0.56 ± 0.08) × 10-3 and (-0.50 ± 0.04) × 10-3, respectively. The regional CP asymmetry in the overlapped region of the phase space can be as large as (1.3 ± 0.3) × 10-3. © 2018 Hang Zhou et al.
语种:
英文
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Stabilizing effect of helical current drive on tearing modes
作者:
Yuan, Y.;Lu, X. Q.* ;Dong, J. Q.;Gong, X. Y.;Zhang, R. B.
期刊:
Physics of Plasmas ,2018年25(1):012510 ISSN:1070-664X
通讯作者:
Lu, X. Q.
作者机构:
[Yuan, Y.; Gong, X. Y.; Lu, X. Q.] Univ South China, Sch Nucl & Technol, Hengyang 421001, Peoples R China.;[Dong, J. Q.] Southwestern Inst Phys, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, Peoples R China.;[Zhang, R. B.] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Plasma Phys, Hefei 230031, Anhui, Peoples R China.
通讯机构:
[Lu, X. Q.] U;Univ South China, Sch Nucl & Technol, Hengyang 421001, Peoples R China.
关键词:
plasma magnetohydrodynamics, plasma simulation, plasma transport processes, tearing instability
摘要:
The effect of helical driven current on the m = 2/n = 1 tearing mode is studied numerically in a cylindrical geometry using the method of reduced magneto-hydro-dynamic simulation. The results show that the local persistent helical current drive from the beginning time can be applied to control the tearing modes, and will cause a rebound effect called flip instability when the driven current reaches a certain value. The current intensity threshold value for the occurrence of flip instability is about 0.00087I<inf>0</inf>. The method of controlling the development of tearing mode with comparative economy is given. If the local helical driven current is discontinuous, the magnetic island can be controlled within a certain range, and then, the tearing modes stop growing;thus, the flip instability can be avoided. We also find that the flip instability will become impatient with delay injection of the driven current because the high order harmonics have been developed in the original O-point. The tearing mode instability can be controlled by using the electron cyclotron current drive to reduce the gradient of the current intensity on the rational surfaces.<br/> ©2018 Author(s).
语种:
英文
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On current drive by Ohkawa mechanism of electron cyclotron wave in large inverse aspect ratio tokamaks
作者:
Zheng, Pingwei;Gong, Xueyu* ;Lu, Xingqiang;He, Lihua;Cao, Jingjia;...
期刊:
Nuclear Fusion ,2018年58(3) ISSN:0029-5515
通讯作者:
Gong, Xueyu
作者机构:
[Deng, Sheng; Zheng, Pingwei; Lu, Xingqiang; He, Lihua; Huang, Qianhong; Cao, Jingjia; Gong, Xueyu] Univ South China, Sch Nucl Sci & Technol, Hengyang 421001, Hunan, Peoples R China.
通讯机构:
[Gong, Xueyu] U;Univ South China, Sch Nucl Sci & Technol, Hengyang 421001, Hunan, Peoples R China.
关键词:
MHD instabilities;Ohkawa mechanism;current drive;electron cyclotron wave;off-axis
摘要:
A localized and efficient current drive method in the outer-half region of the tokamak with a large inverse aspect ratio is proposed via the Ohkawa mechanism of electron cyclotron (EC) waves. Further off-axis Ohkawa current drive (OKCD) via EC waves was investigated in high electron beta β<inf>e</inf>HL-2M-like tokamaks with a large inverse aspect ratio, and in EAST-like tokamaks with a low inverse aspect ratio. OKCD can be driven efficiently, and the driven current profile is spatially localized in the radial region, ranging from 0.62 to 0.85, where the large fraction of trapped electrons provides an excellent advantage for OKCD. Furthermore, the current drive efficiency increases with an increase in minor radius, and then drops when the minor radius beyond a certain value. The effect of trapped electrons greatly enhances the current driving capability of the OKCD mechanism. The highest current drive efficiency can reach 0.183 by adjusting the steering mirror to change the toroidal and poloidal incident angle, and the total driven current by OKCD can reach 20-32 kA MW<sup>-1</sup>in HL-2M-like tokamaks. The current drive is less efficient for the EAST-like scenario due to the lower inverse aspect ratio. The results show that OKCD may be a valuable alternative current drive method in large inverse aspect ratio tokamaks, and the potential capabilities of OKCD can be used to suppress some important magnetohydrodynamics instabilities in the far off-axis region.<br/> ©2018 IAEA, Vienna.
语种:
英文
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A data mining framework within the Chinese NPPs operating experience feedback system for identifying intrinsic correlations among human factors
作者:
Zou, Yanhua;Xiao, Zhi* ;Zhang, Li;Zio, Enrico;Liu, Jianqiao;...
期刊:
Annals of Nuclear Energy ,2018年116:163-170 ISSN:0306-4549
通讯作者:
Xiao, Zhi
作者机构:
[Zhang, Li; Zou, Yanhua; Jia, Huiqiao] Hunan Inst Technol, Inst Human Factors Engn & Safety Management, Hengyang 421002, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Xiao, Zhi] MEP, Nucl & Radiat Safety Ctr, Beijing 100082, Peoples R China.;[Zhang, Li; Liu, Jianqiao] Univ South China, Sch Nucl Sci & Technol, Hengyang 421001, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Zio, Enrico] Politecn Milan, Dipartimento Energia, I-20156 Milan, Italy.;[Zio, Enrico] Univ Paris Saclay, Cent Supelec, Fdn Elect France EDF, Chair Syst Sci & Energy Challenge, Paris, France.
通讯机构:
[Xiao, Zhi] M;MEP, Nucl & Radiat Safety Ctr, Beijing 100082, Peoples R China.
关键词:
Human factors;Intrinsic correlation;Data mining;Correlation analysis;Cluster analysis;Association rule mining
摘要:
With the continuous increase in the number of operating nuclear power plants (NPPs) in China, the amount of operating experience feedback (OEF) increases significantly. On the other hand, the safe operation of NPPs has become an urgent problem that the National Nuclear Safety Administration (NNSA) must solve. To this end, NNSA established a nationalwide OEF system to improve the safety level of NPPs and strengthen the exchange of operating experience. Analyzing the human factors events (HFEs) is an important part of OEF and it is significant to improve human performance and prevent human error. Data mining has been recognized as an effective way to analyze data. With the continuous increase in operating event reports, data mining related to nuclear safety becomes a new domain of study. In this paper, we propose a data mining framework in support of the OEF system. The framework combines three statistical approaches (i.e., correlation analysis, cluster analysis and association rule mining) for identifying intrinsic correlations among human factors: correlation analysis measures the strength of linear relationship between human factors; cluster analysis classifies human factors into relevant groups; association rule mining identifies associations and causalities among human factors. For illustration, we apply the proposed framework to 162 human factors events (screened out from 313 events collected from the OEF system), and the results reflect the feasibility and effectiveness of the framework in identifying the intrinsic correlations among human factors. Besides, further suggestions for improving human performance and preventing human errors in NPPs are also discussed. © 2018 Elsevier Ltd
语种:
英文
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Modeling of the control of the driven current profile in ICRF MCCD on EAST plasma
作者:
Yin, L.;Yang, C.;Gong, X. Y.* ;Lu, X. Q.;Cao, J. J.;...
期刊:
AIP Advances ,2018年8(5):055315 ISSN:2158-3226
通讯作者:
Gong, X. Y.
作者机构:
[Du, D.; Chen, Y.; Gong, X. Y.; Yin, L.] Univ South China, Sch Math & Phys, Hengyang 421001, Peoples R China.;[Chen, Y.; Cao, J. J.; Wu, Z. Y.; Yin, L.; Lu, X. Q.] Univ South China, Sch Nucl Sci & Technol, Hengyang 421001, Peoples R China.;[Yang, C.] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Plasma Phys, Hefei 230031, Anhui, Peoples R China.
通讯机构:
[Gong, X. Y.] U;Univ South China, Sch Math & Phys, Hengyang 421001, Peoples R China.
摘要:
Control of the current profile is a crucial issue for improved confinement and the inhibition of instability in advanced tokamak operation. Using typical discharge data for the Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak, numerical simulations of driven-current profile control in mode conversion current drive (MCCD) in the ion cyclotron range of frequencies were performed employing a full-wave method and Ehst-Karney efficiency formula. Results indicate that the driven current profile in MCCD can be effectively modified by shifting the mode conversion layer. The peak of the driven current can be located at an aimed position in the normalized minor radius range (-0.60≤r/a≤0) by changing the radiofrequency and the minority-ion concentration. The efficiency of the off-axis MCCD can reach 233 kA/MW through optimization, and the mode converted ion cyclotron wave plays an important role in such scenarios. The effects of electron temperature and plasma density on the driven current profile are also investigated. © 2018 Author(s).
语种:
英文
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