An ultra performance liquid chromatography coupled with time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC/Q-TOFMS) based chemical profiling approach to evaluate chemical constitution between mixed decoction and co-decoction of Radix aconiti-Fritillaria combination of the Eighteen Incompatible Medications (Shi Ba Fan) was proposed. Two different kinds of decoctions, namely Radix aconiti-Fritillaria co-decoction: water extract of mixed two herbs, and Radix aconiti-Fritillaria mixed decoction: mixed water extract of each individual herbs, were prepared. Batches of these two kinds of decoction samples were s...