Lipid metabolism is tightly regulated at the cellular level, in addition to classic transcriptional regulation of cholesterol metabolism (e.g. by SREBP and LXR). Members of a class of non-coding RNAs termed microRNAs have recently been identified to be potent post-transcriptional regulators of lipid metabolism genes, including metabolisms of cholesterol, triglyceride, and fatty acid. Several reports have recently shown that miR-33 regulates cholesterol efflux and HDL biogenesis by downregulating the expression of the ABC transporters, ABCA1 and ABCG1. Moreover, miR-33 also inhibits the transla...