摘要：
Persistent photocatalysis has garnered significant attention due to its ability to sustain catalytic activity in dark by storing electrons. However, the practical application of persistent photocatalysis is hindered by limited electron storage capacity. Herein, we synthesized and demonstrated that Ti(3)C(2)/TiO(2)/Ag persistent photocatalyst has good electron storage capability. The electron storage capacity of Ti(3)C(2)/TiO(2)/Ag is up to 0.125μmol/mg, which is 2.5 times that of Ti(3)C(2)/TiO(2). The enhanced electron storage capacity resulted in improved dark-reaction activity because more electrons react with oxygen to form more radicals, as evidenced by degradation experiments of various organics. Especially, persistent photocatalytic degradation of tetracycline hydrochloride by Ti(3)C(2)/TiO(2)/Ag was achieved under natural outdoor conditions (from 2:00p.m. to 8:00p.m.). Additionally, the aid of oxidants such as peroxymonosulfate (PMS) can further improve the dark-reaction activity. TiO(2)/Ti(3)C(2)/Ag/PMS system exhibits excellent efficacy in removing tetracycline hydrochloride, oxytetracycline, rhodamine b, methyl orange, and methylene blue, with removal rates reaching 79.5 %, 81.4 %, 98.9 %, 99.1 %, and 99.2 %, respectively (15min of light-reaction and 45min of dark-reaction). This work provides a new strategy to enhance electron storage capacity and demonstrates that decoupling of light-reaction and dark-reaction may provide a new opportunity for photocatalytic removal of pollutants around the clock.
期刊：
KOREAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY & PHARMACOLOGY,2024年28(2):129-143 ISSN：1226-4512
作者机构：
[Liu, Xing; Nie, Liangui; Liu, Wei; Liu, Shengquan; Yang, Jun; Yang, Qi] Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang 421000, Hunan, China;[Yang, Ting] School of Pharmaceutical Science of University of South China, Hengyang 421000, Hunan, China;[Chu, Chun] Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang 421000, Hunan, China
摘要：
Sulfur dioxide (SO(2)), a novel endogenous gas signaling molecule, is involved in the regulation of cardiac function. Exerting a key role in progression of hyperthyroidism-induced cardiomyopathy (HTC), myocardial fibrosis is mainly caused by myocardial apoptosis, leading to poor treatment outcomes and prognoses. This study aimed to investigate the effect of SO(2) on the hyperthyroidism-induced myocardial fibrosis and the underlying regulatory mechanisms. Elisa, Masson staining, Western-Blot, transmission electron microscope, and immunofluorescence were employed to evaluate the myocardial interstitial collagen deposition, endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS), apoptosis, changes in endogenous SO(2), and Hippo pathways from in vitro and in vivo experiments. The study results indicated that the hyperthyroidism-induced myocardial fibrosis was accompanied by decreased cardiac function, and down-regulated ERS, apoptosis, and endogenous SO(2)-producing enzyme aspartate aminotransferase (AAT)1/2 in cardiac myocytes. In contrast, exogenous SO(2) donors improved cardiac function, reduced myocardial interstitial collagen deposition, up-regulated AAT1/2, antagonized ERS and apoptosis, and inhibited excessive activation of Hippo pathway in hyperthyroid rats. In conclusion, the results herein suggested that SO(2) inhibited the overactivation of the Hippo pathway, antagonized ERS and apoptosis, and alleviated myocardial fibrosis in hyperthyroid rats. Therefore, this study was expected to identify intervention targets and new strategies for prevention and treatment of HTC.
关键词：
Ti alloys;surface nitriding;microhardness;wear resistance;high-temperature oxidation resistance
摘要：
Titanium alloys are considered lightweight alloys and are widely applied across various industries. However, their low hardness, poor wear resistance, and limited oxidation resistance restrict their prospects for wider application. In this paper, nitride coatings were prepared using three preparation processes, namely laser surface nitriding (LSN), physical vapor deposition (PVD), and plasma ion implantation (PII). Their microstructure, microhardness, tribological behavior, and high-temperature oxidation characteristics were compared. The experimental results revealed that nitrided coatings were successfully prepared using the three methods. However, a comparison of these data shows that the LSN coating exhibited superior comprehensive performance. It achieved the maximum thickness within the shortest preparation time: the thickness was about 280 mu m and the deposition rate of the LSN method was 2250 and 90,000 times higher than those of the PVD and PII methods. Nitrides have high hardness, but the carrying capacity could be attributed to the thickness of the coatings: the PVD coating could withstand a force of 500 g, while the PII coating only withstood a force of less than 25 g. In addition, as hardness is the most important factor for excellent wear resistance, the average volumetric wear rate of the LSN and PVD coatings was about 9 x 10-6 mm3/m center dot N, and their relative wear resistance was 49.2 times that of Ti6Al4V. Meanwhile, the excellent bond between the LSN coating and the substrate was evidenced by a high-temperature oxidation test during a rapid heating-cooling cycle.
期刊：
Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology,2024年 ISSN：0926-9959
通讯作者：
Zhao, FJ;Liu, SQ
作者机构：
[Xiong, Shun; Zhao, Feijun; Liu, Shuangquan; Liu, Zhaoping; Ding, Xuan; Huang, Shaobin; Yao, Jiangchen; Zhang, Xiaohong; Xu, Man] Univ South China, Hengyang Med Coll, Inst Pathogen Biol, Hengyang, Peoples R China.;[Xiong, Shun; Zhao, Feijun; Liu, Shuangquan; Liu, Zhaoping; Ding, Xuan; Huang, Shaobin; Yao, Jiangchen; Zhang, Xiaohong; Xu, Man] Univ South China, Hengyang Med Coll, Key Lab Special Pathogen Prevent & Control Hunan P, Hengyang, Peoples R China.;[Xiong, Shun; Zhao, Feijun; Liu, Shuangquan; Liu, Zhaoping; Ding, Xuan; Huang, Shaobin; Yao, Jiangchen; Zhang, Xiaohong; Xu, Man] Univ South China, Affiliated Hosp 1, Hengyang Med Coll, Dept Clin Lab Med, Hengyang, Peoples R China.;[Zhao, Feijun; Zhao, FJ] Univ South China, Hengyang Med Coll, Inst Pathogen Biol, Hengyang 421001, Peoples R China.;[Zhao, Feijun; Zhao, FJ] Univ South China, Hengyang Med Coll, Key Lab Special Pathogen Prevent & Control Hunan P, Hengyang 421001, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Zhao, FJ ; Liu, SQ ] U;Univ South China, Hengyang Med Coll, Inst Pathogen Biol, Hengyang 421001, Peoples R China.;Univ South China, Hengyang Med Coll, Key Lab Special Pathogen Prevent & Control Hunan P, Hengyang 421001, Peoples R China.;Univ South China, Affiliated Hosp 1, Hengyang Med Sch, Inst Microbiol & Infect Dis,Dept Clin Lab Med, Hengyang 421001, Peoples R China.
摘要：
Treponema pallidum is the causative factor of syphilis, a sexually transmitted disease (STD) characterized by perivascular infiltration of inflammatory cells, vascular leakage, swelling and proliferation of endothelial cells (ECs). The endothelium lining blood and lymphatic vessels is a key barrier separating body fluids from host tissues and is a major target of T. pallidum. In this review, we focus on how T. pallidum establish intimate interactions with ECs, triggering endothelial dysfunction such as endothelial inflammation, abnormal repairment and damage of ECs. In addition, we summarize that migration and invasion of T. pallidum across vascular ECs may occur through two pathways. These two mechanisms of transendothelial migration are paracellular and cholesterol-dependent, respectively. Herein, clarifying the relationship between T. pallidum and endothelial dysfunction is of great significance to provide novel strategies for diagnosis and prevention of syphilis, and has a great potential prospect of clinical application.
关键词：
Space gravitational wave detection;Micro electric thruster;Hall thruster;Faraday probe;Response time
摘要：
An advanced Watt class Hall Micro Thruster (HMT) is offered for Space Gravitational Wave Detection (SGWD), and an investigation has been conducted on its start-up, shutdown, rise, and fall response times. The research involved creating a circuit for thruster discharge and signal acquisition, using a Faraday probe to measure the plasma plume signal generated by the thruster, and characterizing the thrust directly. Ultimately the response time of the thruster is extracted from the discharge current and Faraday current signals. The experimental results demonstrate that the HMT has a response time ranging from 1.08 ms to 16.76 ms at mass flow rates of 0.02 mg/s and 0.04 mg/s, meeting the SGWD requirements for micro thruster response time. This research provides a physical foundation and explanation for the variation of HMT response time with discharge voltage versus mass flow rate with several key parameters that affect HMT plasma discharge, such as neutral gas number density (n(n)) and ionization mean free path (lambda(i)). Furthermore, we have examined several anomalies in the signal. Overall, this research provides a brand-new method for measuring the thrust response time of electric thrusters.
摘要：
Titanium (Ti) alloys are widely used in high-tech fields like aerospace and biomedical engineering. Laser additive manufacturing (LAM), as an innovative technology, is the key driver for the development of Ti alloys. Despite the significant advancements in LAM of Ti alloys, there remain challenges that need further research and development efforts. To recap the potential of LAM high-performance Ti alloy, this article systematically reviews LAM Ti alloys with up-to-date information on process, materials, and properties. Several feasible solutions to advance LAM Ti alloys are reviewed, including intelligent process parameters optimization, LAM process innovation with auxiliary fields and novel Ti alloys customization for LAM. The auxiliary energy fields (e.g. thermal, acoustic, mechanical deformation and magnetic fields) can affect the melt pool dynamics and solidification behaviour during LAM of Ti alloys, altering microstructures and mechanical performances. Different kinds of novel Ti alloys customized for LAM, like peritectic alpha-Ti, eutectoid (alpha + beta)-Ti, hybrid (alpha + beta)-Ti, isomorphous beta-Ti and eutectic beta-Ti alloys are reviewed in detail. Furthermore, machine learning in accelerating the LAM process optimization and new materials development is also outlooked. This review summarizes the material properties and performance envelops and benchmarks the research achievements in LAM of Ti alloys. In addition, the perspectives and further trends in LAM of Ti alloys are also highlighted. Substantive review of innovations in methodology, process and materials of AM Ti alloys.Novel titanium alloys designed for laser additive manufacturing.Machine learning assisted alloy design and process optimization.Field-assisted additive manufacturing for titanium alloys fabrications.
摘要：
The super tau-charm facility (STCF) is an electron-positron collider proposed by the Chinese particle physics community. It is designed to operate in a center-of-mass energy range from 2 to 7 GeV with a peak luminosity of 0.5 x 1035 cm-2 center dot s-1 or higher. The STCF will produce a data sample about a factor of 100 larger than that of the present tau-charm factory - the BEPCII, providing a unique platform for exploring the asymmetry of matter-antimatter (charge-parity violation), in-depth studies of the internal structure of hadrons and the nature of non-perturbative strong interactions, as well as searching for exotic hadrons and physics beyond the Standard Model. The STCF project in China is under development with an extensive R&D program. This document presents the physics opportunities at the STCF, describes conceptual designs of the STCF detector system, and discusses future plans for detector R&D and physics case studies.
作者：
Ye, Shiying;Sun, Shaowei;Cai, Jiye;Jiang, Jinhuan
期刊：
MINI-REVIEWS IN MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY,2024年 ISSN：1389-5575
作者机构：
[Sun, Shaowei; Jiang, Jinhuan; Ye, Shiying] Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China. Hengyang, Hunan. China;[Sun, Shaowei; Jiang, Jinhuan] Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment Responsive Drug Research, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan. China;[Cai, Jiye] Department of Chemistry, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
摘要：
Selenium, an essential trace element of the human body, is pivotal in human health and disease prevention. Nevertheless, the narrow therapeutic index of selenium, where the toxic and therapeutic doses are close, limits its clinical utility. Significantly, nanoscale selenium synthesized by different methods using polysaccharides as stabilizers has low toxicity properties and exhibits excellent bioactivity. Its biological activities, such as anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antibacterial, and immune function enhancement, are improved compared with traditional organic and inorganic selenium compounds, conferring greater potential for application in biomedicine. Therefore, this review evaluates the advancements in various synthesis methodologies for polysaccharide selenium nanoparticles (Se NPs) and their biological activities. It aims to provide a comprehensive theoretical basis and research directions for the future development of highly efficient, minimally toxic, and biocompatible polysaccharide-Se NPs and the application of polysaccharide-Se NPs in biomedicine.
作者：
Ji, Hong-Tao;Jiang, Jun;He, Wei-Bao;Lu, Yu-Han;Liu, Yuan-Yuan;...
期刊：
JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY,2024年89(6):4113-4119 ISSN：0022-3263
通讯作者：
He, WM
作者机构：
[He, Wei-Bao; Lu, Yu-Han; He, Wei-Min; Li, Xiao; Ji, Hong-Tao; Liu, Yuan-Yuan; Jiang, Jun; He, WM] Univ South China, Sch Chem & Chem Engn, Hengyang 421001, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[He, WM ] U;Univ South China, Sch Chem & Chem Engn, Hengyang 421001, Peoples R China.
摘要：
The first example of an electrochemical multicomponent synthesis of selenium-containing compounds with inexpensive and abundant elemental selenium as the selenating reagent was developed. A variety of selenazol-2-amines were constructed in high yields with good functional group tolerance under metal-free and chemical oxidant-free conditions.
通讯机构：
[Gu, YY ] U;Univ South China, Sch Resource Environm & Safety Engn, Hengyang 421001, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Composite cathode;Stability;BSCF;PCFCs
摘要：
Improving chemical stability and performance is desirable for protonic ceramic cathodes (PCFCs). In this study, the proton conductor SrSn0.8Sc0.2O3-delta (SSSc) is used to couple the classically unstable Ba0.5Sr0.5Co0.8Fe0.2O3-delta (BSCF) cathode to increase the chemical stability of the composite cathode. Compared to the conventional BSCF + BaCe0.7Zr0.1Y0.2O3-delta (BCZY) composite cathode, the new BSCF + SSSc cathode demonstrates enhanced chemical stability. This is a result of the superior chemical stability of SSSc, which protects BSCF. Moreover, the formation of oxygen vacancies is easier at the BSCF/SSSc interface than at the BSCF/BCZY interface, thereby enhancing the cathode oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) activity. The closer proximity of the O p-band center to the Fermi level in BSCF + SSSc compared to BSCF + BCZY further validates the higher ORR activity of the BSCF + SSSc cathode. The peak power density of the PCFC with BSCF + SSSc cathode, which reaches 1404 mW cm-2 at 700 degrees C, is significantly greater than that with BSCF + BCZY cathode. The protection of SSSc to BSCF is also reflected in the fuel cell's long-term operation, as the BSCF + SSSc cell operates without detectable degradations for more than 150 h, whereas the BSCF + BCZY cell exhibits observable degradation. These findings indicate that utilizing the SSSc proton conductor to couple the cathode material is a feasible and effective strategy for producing the composite cathode with high chemical stability and superior electrochemical performance for PCFCs.
通讯机构：
[Yang, SY ] U;Univ South China, Coll Publ Hlth, Hengyang Med Sch, Hengyang 421001, Hunan, Peoples R China.;Hunan Key Lab Typ Environm Pollut & Hlth Hazards, Hengyang 421001, Hunan, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Cobalt -nitrogen co -doped carbon dots;Colorimetric;Fluorometric;Dual -mode;Gallic acid
摘要：
Gallic acid (GA), widely used in food and medicine production industries. Herein, a kind of newly synthesized cobalt-nitrogen co-doped carbon dots (Co,N-CDs) with dual functional properties of oxidase-like activity and photoluminescence property could oxidize the 3,3 ',5,5 '-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) to oxTMB with a new ab-sorption peak at 653 nm. In addition, it was found that oxTMB performed a fluorescence-quenching effect on Co, N-CDs at 440 nm attributed to FRET (Fluorescence resonance energy transfer). Reductive GA could reduce oxTMB to TMB, weaken the blue color, and restore the fluorescence of Co,N-CDs. Thus, a colorimetric and fluorometric method for dual-mode detection of GA was established. The synthesis of the dual-signal probe was completed with a single and environmental precursor in just one step. Simultaneously, the dual-mode detection reduced detection limits, broadened the linear range and improved anti-interference ability. This method exhibited a satisfactory application prospect in the actual detection of GA in tea beverages.
摘要：
Van der Hoeve's syndrome, also known as osteogenesis imperfecta (OI), is a genetic connective tissue disorder characterized by fragile, fracture-prone bone and hearing loss. The disease is caused by a gene mutation in one of the two type I collagen genes COL1A1 or COL1A2. In this study, we identified a novel frameshift mutation of the COL1A1 gene (c.1607delG) in a family with OI using whole-exome sequencing, bioinformatics analysis and Sanger sequencing. This mutation may lead to the deletion of a portion of exon 23 and the generation of a premature stop codon in the COL1A1 gene. To further investigate the impact of this mutation, we established two induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) lines from peripheral blood mononuclear cells of OI patients carrying a novel mutation in the COL1A1 gene. Osteoblasts (OB) derived from OI-iPSCs exhibited reduced production of type I collagen and diminished ability to differentiate into osteoblasts. Using a CRISPR-based homology-directed repair strategy, we corrected the OI disease-causing COL1A1 novel mutations in iPSCs generated from an affected individual. Our results demonstrated that the diminished expression of type I collagen and osteogenic potential were enhanced in OB induced from corrected OI-iPSCs compared to those from OI-iPSCs. Overall, our results provide new insights into the genetic basis of Van der Hoeve's syndrome and highlight the potential of iPSC technology for disease modeling and therapeutic development.
摘要：
This study utilizes both experimental and computational approaches to investigate the performance of Lu(2)Ti(2)O(7)(LTO) and Lu(1.5)Ce(0.5)Ti(2)O(7+x)(LCTO) pyrochlores under high pressure. The structural changes of LTO and LCTO pyrochlores were characterized usingin-situsynchrotron x-ray diffraction (SXRD) andin-situRaman spectroscopy at pressures up to 44.6 GPa. The kinks inP-aandP-Vcurves at around 5 GPa are mainly attributed to the interaction between the pressure medium and the isostructural changes. The onset pressures for transitioning from the cubic pyrochlore phase (Fd-3 m) to the monoclinic phase (P2(1)) are observed at 32.5 GPa and 38.1 GPa, respectively. It is important to note that at the highest measured pressures, the phase transition remains incomplete. This partial transition is likely the result of oriented disorder among cations and anions under high pressure. In addition, introducing Ce as a dopant significantly enhances structural stability. This can be explained by the larger ionic radius of Ce, which hinders the disordering process.
摘要：
center dot PURPOSE: Globally, disparities exist in retinoblastoma treatment outcomes between high- and low-income countries, but independent analysis of American countries is lacking. We report outcomes of American retinoblastoma patients and explore factors associated with survival and globe salvage. center dot DESIGN: Subanalysis of prospective cohort study data. center dot METHODS: Multicenter analysis at 57 American treatment centers in 23 countries of varying economic levels (low income [LIC], lower-middle income [LMIC], upper-middle income [UMIC], and high income [HIC]) of 491 treatment-naive retinoblastoma patients diagnosed in 2017 and followed through 2020. Survival and globe salvage rates analyzed with Kaplan-Meier analysis and Cox proportional hazard models. center dot RESULTS: Of patients, 8 (1.6%), 58 (11.8%), 235 (47.9%), and 190 (38.7%) were from LIC, LMIC, UMIC, and HIC groups, respectively. Three-year survival rates in LICs were 60.0% (95% confidence interval [CI] 12.6-88.2) compared with 99.2% (95% CI 94.6%-99.9%) in HICs. Death was less likely in patients > 4 years of age (vs <= 4 years, HR = 0.45 [95% CI 0.27-0.78], P = .048). Patients with more advanced tumors (eg, cT3 vs cT1, HR = 4.65 x 109 [95% CI 1.25 x 109 -1.72 x 10(10)], P < .001) and females (vs males, HR = 1.98 [95% CI 1.27-3.10], P = .04) were more likely to die. Three-year globe salvage rates were 13.3% (95% CI 5.1%-25.6%) in LMICs and 46.2% (95% CI 38.8%-53.3%) in HICs. At 3 years, 70.1% of cT1 eyes (95% CI 54.5%-81.2%) vs 8.9% of cT3 eyes (95% CI 5.5%-13.3%) were salvaged. Advanced tumor stage was associated with higher enucleation risk (eg, cT3 vs cT1, subhazard ratio = 4.98 [95% CI 2.36-10.5], P < .001). center dot CONCLUSIONS: Disparities exist in survival and globe salvage in American countries based on economic level and tumor stage demonstrating a need for childhood cancer programs. (Am J Ophthalmol 2024;260: 91-101. (c) 2023 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
摘要：
BACKGROUND: We previously revealed that hydrogen sulfide (H(2)S) attenuates chronic stress-induced cognitive impairment, but the underlying mechanism needs to be further clarified. Growth differentiation factor 11 (GDF11) plays an important regulatory role in cognitive function and that hippocampal NLRP3/caspase-1-mediated pyroptosis contributes to the pathogenesis of cognitive impairment. Hence, this research aimed to explore whether promoting GDF11 levels and suppressing hippocampal NLRP3/caspase-1-mediated pyroptosis mediate H(2)S to alleviate chronic stress-induced cognitive impairment. METHODS: Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to unpredictable chronic mild stress lasting four weeks to establish an animal model of chronic stress-induced cognitive impairment. Behavioral performance was assessed by the Y-maze test and the novel object recognition test. The expression levels of proteins were analyzed by Western blot analysis. The levels of IL-1β and IL-18 in the hippocampus were measured by ELISA. RESULTS: NaHS upregulated the expression of GDF11 in the hippocampus of chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS)-exposed rats. Silencing GDF11 blocked NaHS-improved cognitive impairment in CUMS-exposed rats, according to the Y-maze test and the novel object recognition test. Furthermore, NaHS mitigated NLRP3/caspase-1-mediated pyroptosis in the hippocampus of CUMS-exposed rats and this effect was reversed by silencing GDF11. Moreover, overexpression of GDF11 alleviated CUMS-induced cognitive impairment and NLRP3/caspase-1-mediated hippocampal pyroptosis. CONCLUSIONS: GDF11 mediates H(2)S to attenuate chronic stress-induced cognitive impairment via inhibiting hippocampal NLRP3/caspase-1-mediated pyroptosis.
